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Enriching plant diversity in grasslands by large-scale experimental sward disturbance and seed addition along gradients of land-use intensity

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第4期10卷 581-591页

作者： Valentin h.Klaus Deborah Schäfer Till Kleinebecker Markus Fischer Daniel Prati norbert hölzel Institute of Landscape Ecology Münster UniversityHeisenbergstr.248149 MünsterGermany Institute of Plant Sciences University of BernAltenbergrain 213013 BernSwitzerland

Aims The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning is among the most active areas of ecological ***,enhancing the diversity of degraded ecosystems is a major goal in applied restoration *** grasslands,many species may be locally absent due to dispersal or microsite limitation and may therefore profit from mechanical disturbance of the resident *** established a seed addition and disturbance experiment across several grassland sites of different land use to test whether plant diversity can be increased in these ***,the experiment will allow us testing the consequences of increased plant diversity for ecosystem processes and for the diversity of other taxa in real-world ***,we present details of the experimen-tal design and report results from the first vegetation survey 1 year after disturbance and seed ***,we tested whether the effects of seed addition and disturbance varied among grassland depending on their land use or pre-disturbance plant *** A full-factorial experiment was installed in 73 grasslands in three regions across *** were under regular agricul-tural use,but varied in the type and the intensity of management,thereby representing the range of management typical for large parts of Central *** disturbance treatment consisted of disturbing the top 10 cm of the sward using a rotavator or rotary *** addition consisted of sowing a high-diversity seed mixture of regional plant *** species were all regionally present,but often locally absent,depending on the resident vegetation composi-tion and richness of each *** Findings Seven months after sward disturbance,respective plots had significantly increased in bare soil,seedling species richness and number of *** addition had increased plant species richness,but only in combination with sward *** increase in species richness

关键词： grassland restoration germination microsite limitation seed limitation fertilization

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Boosting liver regeneration: kinase inhibitor as a new tool to prevent liver failure

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第8期9卷 3145-3146页

作者： Anna Sichler norbert huser Klaus-Peter Janssen Department of Surgery School of Medicine and HealthTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany

In a recent manuscript in Cell,a first-in-class small molecule inhibitor of the kinase MKK4(mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4)was described that greatly enhances liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in animal models,with an excellent safety profile in humans.1 The findings of Zwirner et *** promise to alter the clinical management of liver failure in critically ill patients.

关键词： liver al. clinical

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Improving the hydrostability of zeolitic imidazolate framework coatings using a facile silk fibroin protein modification method

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6247-6257页

作者： Xiuming Wei Ting Chen Siyu Chen Qian Jia Nurul Ain Mazlan Allana Lewis norbert Radacsi Yi huang School of Engineering Institute for Materials&ProcessesThe University of EdinburghRobert Stevenson RoadEdinburghEH93FBUK EASTChEM School of Chemistry The University of St AndrewsPurdie BuildingNorth HaughSt AndrewsKY169STUK

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks(ZIFs)are an important subclass of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)with zeolite-type topology,which can be fabricated under ambient synthesis ***,the applications of ZIFs are commonly limited due to the weak hydrostability of their metal–ligand coordination bonds,particularly under humid and aqueous *** this work,as an example,the hydrolysis behaviours of ZIF-L with a special focus on ZIF-L coatings were tested at aqueous conditions with a wide range of phs to systematically study and fundamentally understand their structural stability and degradation *** ZIF-L powder and ZIF-L coatings were severely damaged after only 24 h in aqueous ***,the ZIF-L coatings showed two distinct hydrolyzation pathways regardless of ph conditions,exhibiting either a ring-shaped etching or unfolding *** the ZIF-L powders were hydrolyzed almost identically across all ph *** this new understanding,a facile silk fibroin(SF)protein modification method was developed to enhance the hydrostability of ZIF-L coatings in aqueous *** effect of protein concentration on surface coating was systemically ***-L coating retained its surface morphology after soaking in water and demonstrated switchable super wetting properties and superior separation performance for oil/water *** a result,the quick SF protein modification significantly enhanced the stability of ZIF-L coatings under various phs,while retaining their switchable wetting property and excellent separation performance.

关键词： zeolitic imidazole framework-L(ZIF-L) ZIF-L coatings silk fibroin protein hydrostability enhancement oil/water separation

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Insights into the kinetics–morphology relationship of 1-, 2-, and 3D TiNb_(2)O_(7) anodes for Li-ion storage

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2770-2780页

作者： Wenlei Xu Yaolin Xu Veronika Grzimek Andrea Martin Thorsten Schultz Patrícia ARusso Yan Lu norbert Koch Nicola Pinna Department of Chemistry IRIS Adlershof and the Center for the Science of Materials BerlinHumboldt-Universität zu BerlinBrook-Taylor-Str.212489 BerlinGermany Department of Electrochemical Energy Storage Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und EnergieHahn-Meitner-Platz 114109 BerlinGermany Institut für Physik and IRIS Adlershof Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinBrook-Taylor-Str.212489 BerlinGermany Joint Research Group of Molecular Systems Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie12489 BerlinGermany

Understanding the influence of electrode material’s morphology on electrochemical behavior is of great significance for the development of rechargeable batteries,however,such studies are often limited by the inability to precisely control the morphology of electrode ***,nanostructured titanium niobium oxides(TiNb_(2)O_(7))with three different morphologies(one-dimensional(1D),two-dimensional(2D),and three-dimensional(3D))were synthesized via a facile microwave-assisted solvothermal *** influence of the morphological dimension of TiNb_(2)O_(7) as electrode material on the electrochemical performance in Li-ion batteries(LIBs)and the underlying correlation with the electrochemical kinetics were studied in detail.2D TiNb_(2)O_(7)(TNO-2D)shows a superior rate capability and cycling stability,associated with improved kinetics for charge transfer and Li-ion diffusion,compared to the 1D and 3D *** X-ray diffraction measurements reveal the structural stability and crystallographic evolution of TNO-2D upon lithiation and delithiation and correlate the Li-ion diffusion kinetics with the lattice evolution during battery charge and ***,carbon-coated TNO-2D achieves enhanced rate capability(205 mAh·g^(-1) at 50 C)and long-term cycling stability(87%after 1000 cycles at 5 C).This work provides insights into the rational morphology design of electrode materials for accelerated charge transfer and enhanced fast-charging capability,pushing forward the development of electrode materials for high-power rechargeable batteries in future energy storage.

关键词： morphological dimension electrochemical kinetics lithium-ion batteries TiNb_(2)O_(7) structural evolution

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Development of an active-site titrant for SARS-CoV-2 main protease as an indispensable tool for evaluating enzyme kinetics

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第5期14卷 2349-2357页

作者： Rabea Voget Julian Breidenbach Tobias Claff Alexandra hingst Katharina Sylvester Christian Steinebach Lan Phuong Vu Renato h.Weiße Ulrike Bartz norbert Sträter Christa E.Müller Michael Gütschow Pharmaceutical Institute Pharmaceutical&Medicinal ChemistryUniversity of BonnBonn 53121Germany Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry Center for Biotechnology and BiomedicineLeipzig UniversityLeipzig 04103Germany Department of Natural Sciences University of Applied Sciences Bonn-Rhein-SiegRheinbach 53359Germany

A titrant for the SARS-CoV-2 main protease(M^(pro))was developed that enables,for the first time,the exact determination of the concentration of the enzymatically active M^(pro) by active-site *** covalent binding mode of the tetrapeptidic titrant was elucidated by the determination of the crystal structure of the enzyme–titrant *** fluorogenic substrates of M^(pro),including a prototypical,internally quenched Dabcyl-EDANS peptide,were compared in terms of solubility under typical assay *** exploiting the new titrant,key kinetic parameters for the M^(pro)-catalyzed cleavage of these substrates were determined.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Main protease Peptide nitriles Fluorogenic substrates Active-site titration X-ray crystallography Inner filter effect

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冷知识：海水灭不了海底火山？！

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环球人文地理 2024年第5期 108-109页

作者：怪罗先生 Jo norbert

2022年1月15日，南太平洋岛国汤加的洪阿哈阿帕伊岛海底火山爆发：从火山喷出的气体、烟雾和灰烬直冲天空，高达20公里，制造的巨大声波连远在北半球的美国都能听到，引发的海啸也让日本拉响了海啸预警……那些如世界末日来临般的场景...

2022年1月15日，南太平洋岛国汤加的洪阿哈阿帕伊岛海底火山爆发：从火山喷出的气体、烟雾和灰烬直冲天空，高达20公里，制造的巨大声波连远在北半球的美国都能听到，引发的海啸也让日本拉响了海啸预警……那些如世界末日来临般的场景，至今让许多人心有余悸。这是21世纪以来最强的一次火山喷发，喷发等级在5～6级之间，大概百年一遇。但人们也注意到，

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Using machine learning models to explore the solution space of large nonlinear systems underlying flowsheet simulations with constraints

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第2期16卷 183-197页

作者： Patrick Otto Ludl Raoul heese Johannes höller norbert Asprion Michael Bortz Fraunhofer ITWM Optimization Department Kaiserslautern 67663Germany Chemical and Process Engineering BASF SE Ludwigshafen 67056Germany

Flowsheet simulations of chemical processes on an industrial scale require the solution of large systems of nonlinear equations,so that solvability becomes a practical *** constraints from technical,economic,environmental,and safety considerations may further limit the feasible solution space beyond the convergence requirement.A priori,the design variable domains for which a simulation converges and fulfills the imposed constraints are usually unknown and it can become very time-consuming to distinguish feasible from infeasible design variable choices by simply running the simulation for each *** support the exploration of the design variable space for such scenarios,an adaptive sampling technique based on machine learning models has recently been ***,that approach only considers the exploration of the convergent domain and ignores additional *** this paper,we present an improvement which particularly takes the fulfillment of constraints into *** successfully apply the proposed algorithm to a toy example in up to 20 dimensions and to an industrially relevant flowsheet simulation.

关键词： machine learning flowsheet simulations constraints exploration

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Arthroscopic Treatment of Gonarthrosis in a Low-Income Setting

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第1期14卷 75-82页

作者： Kevin Parfait Bienvenu Bouhelo-Pam Affleck Romaric Ledier Angalla norbert Edgard Lamini N’soundhat Marius Monka Arnauld Sledje Wilfrid Bilongo Bouyou Paul Yèlai Ikounga Térence Olivier Etsaka-Ohoya Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Faculty of health Sciences Marien N’GOUABI University Brazzaville Congo Department of Rhumatology University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo

Background: Knee osteoarthritis is a frequent, debilitating, and degenerative condition. It is the most common operative indication for surgical arthroscopy. hypothesis: Arthroscopy allows painless treatment of knee osteoarthritis and functional recovery. Patients and Methods: Our study was conducted in a private medical center in the city of Brazzaville in Congo, during the period from September 2020 to February 2023. It was prospective and based on patients with mechanical knee pain caused by osteoarthritis. A mobile arthroscopy device was used. The IKDC and KOOS scores allowed the evaluation of the treatment. Results: Our work involved 15 men and 7 women, with an average age of 39.9 years. Knee osteoarthritis was classified as type 2 according to Ahlbäck in 26 cases (70.27%) and type 3 in 11 cases (29.73%). In 7 patients, arthroscopy revealed lesions not visualized on MRI. Joint lavage was performed in all cases, synovial debridement in 17 cases (45.94%), and extraction of cartilaginous foreign bodies in 10 cases (27.03%). 20 patients were very satisfied with the surgery and 2 moderately satisfied. The EVA, subjective IKDC and KOOS scores were acceptable on a long-term follow-up. Discussion: Arthroscopy is a modern surgical technique for the management of intra-articular lesions of the knee. It relieves pain and stabilizes the degenerative process. A mobile arthroscopy device used here was preferred because of the low cost of installation and production.

关键词： Arthroscopy Surgery Imaging Knee

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Research and development of VUV optical coatings for micro mirror applications

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光学精密工程 2005年第4期13卷 465-470页

作者： Alexandre Gatto norbert Kaiser Fraunhofer IOF Albert-Einstein-Str. 7 D-07745 Jena GermanyFraunhofer IOF Albert-Einstein-Str. 7 D-07745 Jena Germany

This paper deals with vacuum UV optical coatings for micro mirror applications. high reflecting low-stress optical coatings have been developed for the next-generation of micro mechanical mirrors. The optimized metal systems are applicable in the VUV spectral region and can be integrated in the technology of MOEMS, such as spatial light modulators (SLM) and micro scanning mirrors.

关键词： VUV 光学涂覆技术微镜技术薄膜调节器

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Tests of gravitational symmetries with radio pulsars

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2016年第9期59卷 10-32页

作者： LiJing Shao norbert Wex Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) Potsdam-Golm D-14476 Germany School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University Beijing 100871 China Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomie Bonn D-53121 Germany

Symmetries play important roles in modern theories of physical laws. In this paper, we review several experimental tests of important symmetries associated with the gravitational interaction, including the universality of free fall for self-gravitating bodies,time-shift symmetry in the gravitational constant, local position invariance and local Lorentz invariance of gravity, and spacetime translational symmetries. Recent experimental explorations for post-Newtonian gravity are discussed, of which, those from pulsar astronomy are highlighted. All of these tests, of very different aspects of gravity theories, at very different length scales, favor to very high precision the predictions of the strong equivalence principle(SEP) and, in particular, general relativity which embodies SEP completely. As the founding principles of gravity, these symmetries are motivated to be promoted to even stricter tests in future.

关键词： gravitation radio pulsars spacetime symmetry

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