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Insights into the kinetics–morphology relationship of 1-, 2-, and 3D TiNb_(2)O_(7) anodes for Li-ion storage

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2770-2780页

作者： Wenlei Xu Yaolin Xu Veronika Grzimek Andrea Martin Thorsten Schultz Patrícia ARusso Yan Lu norbert Koch Nicola Pinna Department of Chemistry IRIS Adlershof and the Center for the Science of Materials BerlinHumboldt-Universität zu BerlinBrook-Taylor-Str.212489 BerlinGermany Department of Electrochemical Energy Storage Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und EnergieHahn-Meitner-Platz 114109 BerlinGermany Institut für Physik and IRIS Adlershof Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinBrook-Taylor-Str.212489 BerlinGermany Joint Research Group of Molecular Systems Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie12489 BerlinGermany

Understanding the influence of electrode material’s morphology on electrochemical behavior is of great significance for the development of rechargeable batteries,however,such studies are often limited by the inability to precisely control the morphology of electrode ***,nanostructured titanium niobium oxides(TiNb_(2)O_(7))with three different morphologies(one-dimensional(1D),two-dimensional(2D),and three-dimensional(3D))were synthesized via a facile microwave-assisted solvothermal *** influence of the morphological dimension of TiNb_(2)O_(7) as electrode material on the electrochemical performance in Li-ion batteries(LIBs)and the underlying correlation with the electrochemical kinetics were studied in detail.2D TiNb_(2)O_(7)(TNO-2D)shows a superior rate capability and cycling stability,associated with improved kinetics for charge transfer and Li-ion diffusion,compared to the 1D and 3D *** X-ray diffraction measurements reveal the structural stability and crystallographic evolution of TNO-2D upon lithiation and delithiation and correlate the Li-ion diffusion kinetics with the lattice evolution during battery charge and ***,carbon-coated TNO-2D achieves enhanced rate capability(205 mAh·g^(-1) at 50 C)and long-term cycling stability(87%after 1000 cycles at 5 C).This work provides insights into the rational morphology design of electrode materials for accelerated charge transfer and enhanced fast-charging capability,pushing forward the development of electrode materials for high-power rechargeable batteries in future energy storage.

关键词： morphological dimension electrochemical kinetics lithium-ion batteries TiNb_(2)O_(7) structural evolution

Multilayer optics for the EUV and soft X-rays

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光学精密工程 2005年第4期13卷 421-429页

作者： Torsten feigl Sergiy Yulin Nicolas Benoit norbert Kaiser fraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Optik und feinmechanik Albert-Einstein-Str. 7 D-07745 Jena GermanyFraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Optik und Feinmechanik Albert-Einstein-Str. 7 D-07745 Jena GermanyFraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Optik und Feinmechanik Albert-Einstein-Str. 7 D-07745 Jena GermanyFraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Optik und Feinmechanik Albert-Einstein-Str. 7 D-07745 Jena Germany

The demand to enhance the optical resolution, to structure and observe ever smaller details, has pushed the way towards the EUV and soft X-rays. Induced mainly by the production of more powerful electronic circuits with the aid of projection lithography, optics developments in recent years can be characterized by the use of electromagnetic radiation with smaller wavelength. The good prospects of the EUV and soft X-rays for next generation lithography systems (λ=13.5 nm), microscopy in the “water window” (λ=2.3～4.4 nm), astronomy (λ=5～31 nm), spectroscopy, plasma diagnostics and EUV/soft X-ray laser research have led to considerable progress in the development of different multilayer optics. Since optical systems in the EUV/soft X-ray spectral region consist of several mirror elements a maximum reflectivity of each multilayer is essential for a high throughput. This paper covers recent results of the enhanced spectral behavior of Mo/Si, Cr/Sc and Sc/Si multilayer optics.

关键词： EUV X射线多层膜光学涂覆技术 Mo/Si Cr/Sc Sc/Si 光电子技术

Particle penetration in fiber filters

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Particuology 2018年第5期16卷 70-79页

作者： norbert Riefler Martina Ulrich Marko Morshaiuser Udo fritsching Process Engineering Institute of Materials ScienceBadgasteiner Strasse 328359BremenGermany Lydall Gutsche GmbH & Co.KG Hermann-Muth-Str.836039FuldaGermany Particles and Process Engineering University of BremenBibliothekstrasse 128359BremenGermany

Particle separation from gases is an important unit operation in manifold industrial applications,such as those conducted in environmental *** analysis of particle penetration and separation in fiber filters,standard dust particles (Al2O3)were loaded in the gas flow of a filter test facility and deposited within new and uncharged fiber *** loaded filters were analyzed by micro-computer tomography and scanning electron ***-dimensional tomograms of the samples show an exponential decay of the penetration depth of the *** dependency is confirmed by simulations conducted using the discrete element method coupled with computational fluid dynamics within unloaded and loaded fiber *** processes of particle separation at the fibers as well as the filtration efficiency and time-dependent filtering process are derived from the *** particle clustering in the filter medium and partial filter clogging are thus identified.

关键词： Particle filtration fiber filter X-ray microtomography Computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method coupling High-fidelity simulation Transient mesh morphing

Optical coatings:trends and challenges

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光学精密工程 2005年第4期13卷 389-396页

作者： norbert Kaiser Torsten feigl Olaf Stenzel Ulrike Schulz fraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Optik und feinmechanik Albert-Einstein-Str. 7D-07745 Jena GermanyFraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Optik und Feinmechanik Albert-Einstein-Str. 7D-07745 Jena GermanyFraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Optik und Feinmechanik Albert-Einstein-Str. 7D-07745 Jena GermanyFraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Optik und Feinmechanik Albert-Einstein-Str. 7D-07745 Jena Germany

New applications in optoelectronics, photonics, telecommunication, displays, optical data processing, biomedicine, sensors, energy control, automobile, aerospace, and architecture stimulation are important developments in physics and technology of optical coatings. This paper will focus on the latest advances in the areas of new optical film systems and devices, new optical coating materials and film fabrication techniques, process control and monitoring, and different advanced applications. Particularly, focus is on optical films that combine optical design with microstructural features tailored on the nanometer and micrometer scales. Evaluation of film stability and integrity in harsh industrial environments and their compatibility with organic polymers are important as well.

关键词：光学涂覆技术光电子技术光学仪器光学材料

Exact Artificial Boundary Condition for the Poisson Equation in the Simulation of the 2D Schrodinger-Poisson System

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Communications in Computational Physics 2014年第8期16卷 764-780页

作者： norbert J.Mauser Yong Zhang Wolfgang Pauli Institute c/o fak.Mathematik University WienOskar-Morgenstern-Platz 11090 ViennaAustria.

We study the computation of ground states and time dependent solutions of the Schr¨odinger-Poisson system(SPS)on a bounded domain in 2D(*** two space dimensions).On a disc-shaped domain,we derive exact artificial boundary conditions for the Poisson potential based on truncated fourier series expansion inθ,and propose a second order finite difference scheme to solve the r-variable ODEs of the fourier *** Poisson potential can be solved within O(M NlogN)arithmetic operations where M,N are the number of grid points in r-direction and the fourier *** with the Poisson solver,a backward Euler and a semi-implicit/leap-frog method are proposed to compute the ground state and dynamics *** results are shown to confirm the accuracy and *** we make it clear that backward Euler sine pseudospectral(BESP)method in[33]can not be applied to 2D SPS simulation.

关键词： 2D Schrodinger-Poisson system exact artificial boundary condition backward Euler scheme semi-implicit/leap-frog scheme backward Euler sine pseudospectral method.

去甲肾上腺素对肺血管前列环素生物合成的影响(英文)

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 1990年第1期4卷 31-35页

作者：王怀良,norbert f Voelkel 中国医科大学药理教研室 Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories and Webb-Waring Lung Institute University of Colorado Denver 80262 USA 沈阳 110001

本文应用大鼠离体肺动脉环和离体肺灌流标本观察去甲肾上腺素（NE）对肺血管前列环素（PGI2）生物合成的影响.结果表明,NE引起肺血管PGI2生物合成增强.肺血管释放PGI2的量及肺血管收缩反应的强度均与NE呈剂量依赖关系,但两条量效曲线不... 详细信息

本文应用大鼠离体肺动脉环和离体肺灌流标本观察去甲肾上腺素（NE）对肺血管前列环素（PGI2）生物合成的影响.结果表明,NE引起肺血管PGI2生物合成增强.肺血管释放PGI2的量及肺血管收缩反应的强度均与NE呈剂量依赖关系,但两条量效曲线不平行.环氧酶抑制剂阻断了NE引起的肺血管PGI2生物合成增强,但不影响NE引起的肺血管收缩反应.

关键词：肺循环去甲肾上腺素前列环素合成

Leaf thermal tolerance and sensitivity of temperate tree species are correlated with leaf physiological and functional drought resistance traits

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Journal of forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 63-76页

作者： Ines Katharina Münchinger Peter Hajek Berivan Akdogan Astor Torano Caicoya norbert Kunert Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Research Institute of BotanyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaGregor-Mendel Str.331190 ViennaAustria Geobotany University of FreiburgSchanzlestr.179104 FreiburgGermany TUM School of Live SciencesChair of Forest Growth and Yield ScienceTechnical University of MunichGermanyHans-Carl-Von-Carlowitz 285354 FreisingGermany

Climate change is causing more frequent and severe climatic events,such as extreme heat and co-occurring drought,potentially accelerating tree *** tree species will cope better with those extreme events is still being *** study focuses on heat as a physiological stress factor and interspecifi c variation of thermal tolerance and sensitivity traits in 15 temperate coniferous and broad-leaved tree *** investigate(1)whether thermal tolerance and sensitivity traits correlate with a droughtrelated physiological trait,particularly the leaf turgor loss point(πtlp,wilting point),and(2)how thermal tolerance and sensitivity traits co-vary within diff erent tree-functional types classifi ed by morphological and physiological traits of the leaf,i.e.,leaf mass per area(LMA)and percentage loss of area(PLA).The study was carried out in the Traunstein forest Dynamics Plot of the forestGEO network in *** temperature response of the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II(f_(v)/f_(m))on leaf discs was determined,from which various physiological leaf traits were estimated,one of which is the breaking point temperature(T_(5)),the temperature at which f_(v)/f_(m)declines by 5%.Additionally,the temperature of 50%(T_(50))and 95%(T_(95))decline in f_(v)/f_(m)was *** decline width between T_(50)and T 5(DW T_(50)−T_(5))was taken as an indicator of the species’thermal *** breaking point temperature ranged from 35.4±3.0 to 47.9±3.9℃among the investigated tree species and T 50 ranged between 46.1±0.4 and 53.6±0.7℃.A large interspecifi c variation of thermal tolerance and sensitivity was *** ash(fraxinus excelsior L.)was the most heat-sensitive species,while Wild cherry(Prunus avium L.)was the least heat-sensitive *** with a more negativeπtlp tended to have a higher breaking point temperature than species with a less negativeπtlp.A lower thermal sensitivity characterized species with a higher LMA,and high PLA was

关键词： Water stress Heat stress Physiological limitations Climate change forestGEO

first Late Triassic Record of a Paleoentomofauna from South America(Malargüe Basin,Mendoza Province,Argentina)

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2010年第4期84卷 915-924页

作者： Carsten BRAUCKMANN Oscar f.GALLEGO norbert HAUSCHKE Rafael G.MARTINS-NETO Elke GROENING Jan-M.ILGER María B.LARA Geology and Palaeontology Clausthal University of TechnologyLeibnizstrasse 10D-38678 Clausthal-ZellerfeldGermany Micropaleontology(faculty of Natural Sciences-National Northeast University) 3400 Corrientes-Argentina Palaeontology Area(Center of Applied Ecology of the Litoral-National Research Council) 3400 Corrientes-Argentina Geosciences Martin Luther University Halle-WittenbergVon-Seckendorff-Platz 3D-06120 Halle(Saale)Germany federal University from Ceara Cariri/FUNCAPPresident Brazilian Paleoarthropodological SocietyBrazil

Late Middle Triassic to early Late Triassic insects from Argentina have been previously described from the Bermejo and Cuyana Basins where they have been recovered from the Ischichuca-Los Rastros and Potrerillos-Cacheuta formations, respectively. The insect fauna discussed herein was collected during field studies in 1986/1987 from the Llantenes section （Norian to Rhaetian？ Late Triassic）, which is situated in the Malargiie Basin in southern Mendoza province. The insect remains were found in the upper part of the Llantenes section （Llantenes formation）, which is built up of two coarsening-upwards cycles reflecting a deltaic progradation of a fluvial into a lacustrine environment （lower part）, succeeded by repeated progradatious into a floodplaindominated environment （upper part; with finds of insects, conchostracans, fish remains, plant fragments, and drifted logs）. The new finds represent the youngest Triassic insect records described from Argentina and even from South America in its entirety. There is only one contemporaneous fossil assemblage in Gondwana： in the Ciarence/Moreton Basin （Aberdare Conglomerate; Late Norian） in Australia. The new Triassic insects include an impression of an isolated Mecopterida-like wing （Mendozachorista volkheimeri gen. et sp. nov.; Mendozachoristidae fam. nov.）, coleopteran elytra of the Permosynidae （Ademosyne rosenfeldi sp. nov. and Ademosyne Uantenesensis sp. nov.） and other isolated body fragments. This new Late Triassic entomofauna from Argentina is of considerable importance in the reconstruction of the biotic recovery of continental environments in Gondwana after the catastrophic mass extinction at the P/T boundary.

关键词： Mecopterida Coleoptera Late Triassic Liantenes formation Malargiie Basin Argentina

Cobalt–copper based catalysts for higher terminal alcohols synthesis via fischer–Tropsch reaction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2016年第6期25卷 895-906页

作者： Yizhi Xiang norbert Kruse Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering Washington State University

The production of higher terminal alcohols through CO hydrogenation according to the fischer–Tropsch(f–T) process has been a topic of interest since the Institut fran?ais du Pétrole(IfP) demonstrated shortchain C_1–C_6mixed alcohols production over cobalt–copper based catalysts. A number of catalyst formulations were screened for their suitability at that time. In particular, the addition of Cr, Zn, Al, Mn and V to Co Cu was investigated. In a number of patents, it was shown that catalyst preparation is crucial in these catalyst formulations and that high alcohols selectivity can only be achieved by carefully respecting the procedures and recipes. This short critical review highlights recent developments in Co Cu-based catalysts for higher terminal alcohols synthesis via f–T synthesis. Special attention will be given to catalyst preparation which according to developments in our group is based on oxalate precipitation. This way we show that the close association of Co and Cu on the one hand and promoter/dispersant on the other are of utmost importance to ensure high performance of the catalysts. We shall concentrate on 'Co Cu Mn','Co Cu Mo' and 'Co Cu Nb' catalyst formulations, all prepared via oxalate precipitation and combined with'entrainment techniques' if necessary, and show high total alcohols selectivity can be obtained with tunable Anderson-Schulz-flory chain-lengthening probability. Either long-chain C_8–C_(14)terminal alcohols as feedstock for plasticizers, lubricants and detergents, or short-chain C_2–C_5alcohols as 'alkanol' fuels or fuel additives can be formed this way.

关键词： Higher terminal alcohols fischer–Tropsch Cobalt–copper Oxalate Promoter