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Mid and late Holocene forest fires and deforestation in the subalpine belt of the Iberian range,northern Spain

Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第10期13卷 1760-1772页

作者： Jose M.GARCIA-RUIZ Yasmina SANJUAN Graciela GIL-ROMERA Penelope GONZALEZ-SAMPERIZ Santiago BEGUERIA Jose ARNAEZ Paz COBA-PEREZ Amelia GOMEZ-VILLAR Javier ALVAREZ-MARTINEZ noemi lana-renault Estela PEREZ-CARDIEL Carlos LOPEZ DE CALLE Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologfa Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(IPE-CSIC)Campus de Aula DeiP.O.Box 13.03450.080-ZaragozaSpain Estacion Experimental de Aula Dei Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(EEAD-CSIC)Campus de Aula DeiP.O.Box 13.03450.080-ZaragozaSpain Area of Physical Geography University ofLa Rioja26.004-LogronoSpain Centro de Investigaciones en Geografia Ambiental Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoUnidad MoreliaAntigua Carretera a Patzcuaro 870158190-MoreliaMichoacanMexico Departamento de Geografia y Geologia Faeultad de Filosofia y LetrasUniversidad de LeonCampus de Vegazana24.071-LeonSpain Departamento de Ingenieria Agricola y Forestal Universidad de ValladolidCampus La Yutera34.071-PalenciaSpain Department of Geography and Land Management University of Zaragoza50.009-ZaragozaSpain Freelance archaeologist Auda.Colon426003-LogronoSpain

The conversion of subalpine forests into grasslands for pastoral use is a well-knownphenomenon, although for most mountain areas the timing of deforestation has not been determined. The presence of charcoal fragments in soil profiles affected by shallow landsliding enabled us to date the occurrence of fires and the periods of conversion ofsubalpine forest into grasslands in the Urbión Mountains, Iberian Range, Spain. We found that the treeline in the highest parts of the northwestern massifs of the Iberian Range(the Urbión, Demanda, Neila, and Cebollera massifs) is currently between 1500 and 1600 m a.s.l., probably because of pastoral use of the subalpine belt, whereas in the past it would have reached almost the highest divides(at approximately 2100–2200 m a.s.l.). The radiocarbon dates obtained indicate that the transformation of the subalpine belt occurred during the Late Neolithic, Chalcolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age, and Middle Ages. Forest clearing was probably moderate during fires prior to the Middle Ages, as the small size of the sheep herds and the local character of the markets only required small clearings, and therefore more limited fires. Thus, it is likely that the forest recovered burnt areas in a few decades; this suggests the management of the forest and grasslands following a slash-andburn system. During the Middle and Modern Ages deforestation and grassland expansion affected most of the subalpine belt and coincided with the increasing prevalence of transhumance, as occurred in other mountains in the Iberian Peninsula(particularly the Pyrenees). Although the occurrence of shallow landslides following deforestation between the Neolithic and the Roman Period cannot be ruled out, the most extensive shallow landsliding processes would have occurred from the Middle Ages until recent times.

关键词： Forest fires Holocene Subalpinegrasslands Shallow landslides Landscape changes Iberian Range

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SIRT2 as a potential new therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 124-131页

作者： noemi Sola-Sevilla Elena Puerta Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of NavarraNavarra Institute for Health Research(IdiSNA)PamplonaSpain

Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia globally with an increasing incidence over the years,bringing a heavy burden to individuals and society due to the lack of an effective *** this context,sirtuin 2,the sirtuin with the highest expression in the brain,has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative *** review summarizes and discusses the complex roles of sirtuin 2 in different molecular mechanisms involved in Alzheimer's disease such as amyloid and tau pathology,microtubule stability,neuroinflammation,myelin formation,autophagy,and oxidative *** role of sirtuin 2 in all these processes highlights its potential implication in the etiology and development of Alzheimer's ***,its presence in different cell types and its enormous variety of substrates leads to apparently contra dictory conclusions when it comes to understanding its specific *** studies in sirtuin 2 research with selective sirtuin2 modulators targeting specific sirtuin 2 substrates are necessary to clarify its specific functions under different conditions and to validate it as a novel pharmacological *** will contribute to the development of new treatment strategies,not only for Alzheimer's disease but also for other neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyloid autophagy memory neurodegenerative diseases neuroinflammation sirtuin 2 tau

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Treatment for diabetic macular oedema:looking further into the evidence

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Annals of Eye Science 2018年第1期3卷 7-13页

作者： noemi Lois Wellcome-Wolfson Centre for Experimental Medicine School of MedicineDentistry and Biomedical SciencesQueen’s UniversityBelfastUK

Throughout the years,people with diabetic macular oedema(DMO)have seen the number of options for their treatment *** photocoagulation was the first of these and great experience is behind it;intraocular steroids followed and more recently anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(anti-VEGF)agents came to *** face now the dilemma of determining which may be the best therapeutic strategy for each particular patient based on best available *** article summarises data available from randomised clinical trials(RCTs)on treatments for DMO and provides some facts about this condition and its treatments that need to be taken into consideration when treatment decisions are made.

关键词： Diabetic macular edema(DME) diabetic macular oedema(DMO) anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(anti-VEGF) laser photocoagulation randomised clinical trials(RCTs) retina diabetic retinopathy

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Deterministic approaches for head lice infestations and treatments

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2020年第1期5卷 386-404页

作者： noemi Castelletti Maria Vittoria Barbarossa Institute of Radiation Medicine Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenIngolst€adter Landstraße 1D-85764NeuherbergGermany Institute of Applied Mathematics Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 205D-69120 HeidelbergGermany Frankfurt Institute of Advanced Studies Ruth-Moufang-Straße 1D-60438FrankfurtGermany.

Pediculus humanus capitis are human ectoparasites which cause infestations,mostly in children,*** the life cycle of head lice is an important step in knowing how to treat lice infestations,as the parasite behavior depends considerably on its age and *** this work we propose a mathematical model for head lice population dynamics in hosts who could be or not quarantined and *** a lice population structured by age and gender we formulate the model as a system of hyperbolic PDEs,which can be reduced to compartmental systems of delay or ordinary differential *** studying fundamental properties of the model,such as existence,uniqueness and nonnegativity of solutions,we show the existence of(in certain cases multiple)equilibria at which the infestation persists on the host’s *** to assess the performance of treatments against head lice infestations,by mean of computer experiments and numerical simulations we investigate four possible treatment *** main results can be summarized as follows:(i)early detection is crucial for quick and efficient eradication of lice infestations;(ii)dimeticone-based products applied every 4 days effectively remove lice in at most three applications even in case of severe infestations and(iii)minimization of the reinfection risk,*** mean of synchronized treatments in families/classrooms is recommended.

关键词： Head lice Population dynamics Differential equations Structured populations Stability analysis Delay equations

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Diurnal variation of aethalometer correction factors and optical absorption assessment of nucleation events using multi-wavelength photoacoustic spectroscopy

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第9期31卷 96-109页

作者： Tibor Ajtai Gergely Kiss-Albert noemi Utry Adam Toth Andras Hoffer Gabor Szabo Zoltan Bozoki Department of Optics and Quantum Electronics University of Szeged H-6720 Szeged Hungary Hilase Development Production Service and Trading Limited Szekesfehervar H-8000 Hungary MTA-SZTE Research Group on Photoacoustic Spectroscopy H-6720 Szeged Hungary ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd H-6720 Szeged Hungary Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Pannonia P.O. Box 158 Veszprem H-8201 Hungary MTA-PE Air Chemistry Research Group P.O. Box 158 Veszprem H-8201 Hungary

A field measurement campaign was carried out during the late winter and early spring of2015 in Budapest, the capital of Hungary. The size distribution(SD) and optical absorption of carbonaceous particulate matter(CPM) was measured online using a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer(SMPS), a 7λ-aethalometer and an inhouse developed 4λ-Photoacoustic Spectrometer. Based on the SD data, the measurement period could be classified into days with and without new particle formation events(normal days and nucleation days),although particular nucleation-like events were observed on normal days as well. Three characteristic size modes were observed with CMDs of circa 15, 25 and 110 nm that corresponded to the nucleation, traffic and heating modes. Based on the temporal behavior of these modes both types of days were divided into distinctive daily periods(heating hours,traffic hours and nucleation hours). The optical absorption spectra(OAC and AAE) also displayed the same part of day behavior to that of SD. That way this paper is among the first to assess the optical response of urban nucleation events. Due to the simultaneous measurement of OAC by the 7λ-aethalometer and a 4λ-Photoacoustic Spectrometer, OAC was measured overall at 11 wavelengths. That way aethalometer correction factors(f and C)were determined at all aethalometer wavelengths using in situ reference photoacoustic measurements. Correction factors were found to have both wavelength and time of the day variation. In the case of f, no clear trend could be observed, however, Cref values increased both as a function of wavelength.

关键词： Photoacoustic spectroscopy Aerosol Angstr?m exponent Aethalometer Nucleation Size distribution

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