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Utilization of Milk as an Oral Contrast Agent in CT Scan of the Abdomen

Advances in Computed Tomography 2015年第3期4卷 33-41页

作者： Asma Badawood nisreen Alsioufi Samar Fathuddin Nabeel Mishah Saddiq Jastaniah Department of Diagnostic Radiology Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA Radiology Department King Abdulaziz University Hospital Jeddah KSA

The present study aimed to evaluate using the whole milk as alternative oral contrast for the as-sessment of gastrointestinal CT enterography. Fifty patients undergo (18 female and 32 male) aged from 21 to 79 years (mean 45 years) undergo abdominal CT at the department of diagnostic radiology of King Abdulaziz University Hospital. They receive 1 - 1.5 liter whole milk. Siemens SOMATOM definition CT Scan Machine with 64 slices and dual source was utilized to image all pa-tients in research population group where iodinated oral contrast media was replaced by a whole milk available in the local market. Patients were scanned as per the routine protocol used for CT Abdomen at KAUH-CT Unit: Helical Mode with 0.7 Pitch was performed on all paints in supine po-sition using a 16-detector row scanner (Bright Speed S, General Electric-Milwaukee Wisconsin, USA). The following parameters were applied: collimation of 16 × 0.625 (1.25 - 3.75) mm, pitch of 3, Slice thickness: 5 mm, gantry rotation time of 400 mAs, tube voltage of 120 KV and scan time 11.05 second. The images of all cases were reviewed by two qualified radiologists. Conclusion: The present study suggested that whole milk was found to be an effective alternative negative contrast for the assessment of the jejunum, ileum and terminal ileum in CT enterography. It was excellent for gastric imaging and we recommended replacing milk as negative oral contrast since it is available and cost effective. Further research to be conducted with modified milk drinking timing for better large bowel distention.

关键词： CT Contrast Media Milk Abdomen Bowl Stomach

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Histamine 3 receptor activation mediates inhibition of acid secretion during Helicobacter-induced gastritis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2010年第5期1卷 154-165页

作者： Yana Zavros nisreen Mesiwala Meghna Waghray Andrea Todisco Arthur Shulkes Juanita L Merchant Departments of Internal Medicine-Gastroenterology University of Michigan Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology University of Cincinnati Department of Surgery Austin and Repatriation Medical CenterUniversity of Melbourne Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular and Integrative Physiology University of Michigan

AIM:To test the hypothesis that histamine 3 receptor (H3R)activation during Helicobacter infection inhibits gastric acid secretion in vivo and in ***:Helicobacter felis(***)infected and uninfected C57Bl/6 mice were infused with either PBS or the H3 receptor antagonist thioperamide(THIO)for 12 *** treatment,mice were analyzed for morphological changes and gastric acid *** RNA was prepared from the stomachs of each group and analyzed for changes in somatostatin and gastrin mRNA abundance by real time-polymerase chain reaction(RTPCR).Location of H3 receptors in the stomach was analyzed by co-localization using antibodies specific for the H3 receptor and parietal cell marker H + ,K + -ATPase βsubunit. RESULTS:Inflammation and parietal cell atrophy was observed after 12 wk of *** ***, treatment with the H3R antagonist thioperamide(THIO) prior to and during infection prevented ***-induced inflammation and *** to the uninfected controls,infected mice also had significantly decreased gastric *** eradication of *** with THIO treatment,gastric acidity was *** to the control mice,somatostatin mRNA abundance was decreased while gastrin gene expression was elevated during *** elevated gastric acid levels, after eradication of *** with THIO,somatostatin mRNA was elevated whereas gastrin mRNA was *** revealed the presence of H3 receptors on the parietal cells,somatostatin-secreting D-cells as well as the inflammatory cells. CONCLUSION:This study shows that during *** infection,gastric acidity is suppressed as a consequence of an inhibitory effect on the parietal cell by H3R *** stimulation of gastric mucosal H3Rs increases gastrin expression and release by inhibiting release of somatostatin.

关键词： Gastrin Somatostatin Histamine Parietal cell Helicobacter felis Nα-methylhistamine Rα-methylhistamine Thioperamide

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Prioritization of Sub-Watersheds in a Large Semi-Arid Drainage Basin (Southern Jordan) Using Morphometric Analysis, GIS, and Multivariate Statistics

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Agricultural Sciences 2018年第4期9卷 437-468页

作者： Yahya Farhan Ali Anbar nisreen Al-Shaikh Haifa Almohammad Sireen Alshawamreh Manal Barghouthi Member of Trustee Council in Al-Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan Department of Geography University of Jordan Amman Jordan Sustainability Land Management Member Amman Jordan

GIS-based morphometric analysis was employed to prioritize the W. Mujib-Wala watershed southern Jordan. Seventy six fourth-order sub-watersheds were prioritized using morphometric analysis of ten linear and shape parameters. Each sub-watershed is prioritized by designated ranks based on the calculated compound parameter (Cp). The total score for each sub-basin is assigned as per erosion threat. The 76 sub-basins were grouped into four categories of priority: very high (12 sub-basins, 15.8% of the total), high (32 sub-watersheds, 42.1% of the total), moderate (25 sub-watersheds, 32.9% of the total), and low (7 sub-watersheds, 9.2% of the total). Sub-watersheds categorized as very high and high are subjected to high erosion risk, thus creating an urgent need for applying soil and water conservation measures. The relative diversity in land use practices and land cover, including variation in slope and soil types, are considered in proposing suitable conservation structures for sub-watersheds connected to each priority class. The adaptation of soil conservation measures priority-wise will reduce the erosivity effect on soil loss;while increasing infiltration rates;and water availability in soil profile. Principal component analysis (PCA) reduces the basic parameters and erosion risk parameters to three components, explaining 88% of the variance. The relationships of these components to the basic and erosion risk parameters were evaluated, and then the degree of inter-correlation among the morphometric parameters was explored. The verification of priority classes obtained through morphometric analysis was tested using Discriminant Analysis (DA). The results show a complete separation existing between the identified priority classes. Thus, soil erosion risk and geomorphic conditions are found entirely different from one class to another. The present results are intended to help decision makers to plan for efficient soil and water conservation measures to achieve future ag

关键词： Prioritization Morphometric Analysis GIS Discriminant Analysis Principal Component Analysis

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Social Causes of Arab Youth Radicalizing

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Journalism and Mass Communication 2016年第12期6卷 743-756页

作者： Diab M. Al-Badayneh Rami A. Al-Assasfeh nisreen A. Al-Bhri Police College MOI Qatar IKCRS Amman Jordan Mutah University Alkarak Jordan

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of macro social factors （states, religion, region, Arab spring, terrorism, unrest （Shoe index）, democracy, corruption （GPI）, Human development （HDI）, low self-control, life stress events （LSE）, youth unemployment, religiosity, feeling （fear and anger）, youth unemployment and total unemployment） on Arab youth＇s radicalization. A sample of 6,730 Arab youth age 15-24 years was selected from Kuwait, UAE, KSA, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, Jordan, Tunisia, Libya, Morocco, Lebanon, Egypt, Gaza and Palestine and Syrian refuges in Jordan. A questionnaire of 43 items to measure radicalization was developed based on the literature review. A construct validity of the scale was estimated by calculating the correlation between radicalization scale and Low self-control scale and found a positive significant relationship （0.680, a = 0.000）, a sign of validity of the scale. A Reliability of the scale is strong and was estimated by Cronbach＇s alpha and was 0.947. An average of 46.6% of the participants was categorized as radicals with standard deviation of 12. Macro social factors explained 64% of the variance on radicalization. It has a significant impact on radicalization （F = 807.6, a = 0.000）. Each single variable has a significant impact. The analysis revealed three groups of macro determinants of youth radicalization were identified：（1） Geographic factors： state, region, and Arab spring; （2） Social factors： religion, religiously, feelings, LSE and LSC; （3） Human security： unrest, terrorism, democracy, corruption, human development, youth unemployment and employment rate. To alleviate the consequences of radicalization, prevention policies should take in account youth concerns as partners and victims of radicalization. Policies need to focus on radicalization pull and push factors on micro-meso-macro level.

关键词： radicalization Arab youth policy implications

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Side Effects of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine among Libyan Young Adults: Observational Study

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第1期10卷 33-45页

作者： Taher I. Shailabi Elham O. Borwis nisreen Saed Majeed Nagat H. Bubtina Naeima Betamar Guma Abdeldaim Pharmacology and Toxicology Department Faculty of Pharmacy Omar Al-Mukhtar University Al-Bayda Libya Medical Microbiology Department Faculty of Medicine Benghazi University Benghazi Libya Conservative Dentistry Department Faculty of Dentistry Benghazi University Benghazi Libya

Purpose: Since the mRNA technology used to manufacture Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine is new, it is still difficult to predict its consequences. However, many young people, especially in developing countries, think that they are less susceptible to severe infection with the Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Therefore, they do not prefer to take the COVID-19 vaccines. Accordingly, studies in this aspect are necessary to increase people’s awareness of the acceptance of vaccination, especially for the youth. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted on healthy young adults of both sexes. Participants (n = 81) were received two doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine. A paper questionnaire was prepared, the survey asks about the side effects related to receiving the Vaccine. All participants completed the questionnaire twice, once after the first dose and again after the second dose. Data were collected and statistically analyzed. Results: The most common side effects were Muscle pain, Tiredness, Headache, and Fever. Less common side effects were Chills, Fainted, Breathlessness, and Coughing. Rare side effects include nausea and vomiting, Diarrhea, Anaphylactic Reaction, and Swollen Lymph Nodes. Side effects that are strongly associated with females are Headache, and Joint pain, for males, Anaphylactic reaction. The study revealed a significant difference between the number of females (96.5%) and males (85%) who suffered from the side effects of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine (P = 0.033). Conclusion: Most of the side effects reported in our study were consistent with Pfizer’s fact sheet for recipients and caregivers. Through our follow-up to the participants in the study, we noticed that the reported side effects were not too bad, and they were able to carry out their daily activities, so we recommend taking the vaccine, especially for young people.

关键词： Pfizer-BioNTech Side Effects COVID-19 Vaccine Young Adults

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Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System Assessment of the Nutrients Limiting and Nutritional Status of Tomato

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第12期91卷 2759-2774页

作者： Rabia Manzoor Mohammad Saleem Akhtar Khalid Saifullah Khan Taqi Raza Muhammad Ishaq Asif Rehmani Carl Rosen Muhammad Khalil ur Rehman Nahla Zidan Fahad MAlzuaibr nisreen MAbdulsalam Najla AKhateeb Majid Alhomrani Abdulhakeem SAlamri Javeed Ahmad Lone Muhammad Ammar Raza Ayman El Sabagh Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University RawalpindiRawalpindi46300Pakistan Department of Biosystems Engineering&Soil Science University of TennesseeKnoxville37996USA Department of Agronomy Ghazi UniversityDera Ghazi Khan32200Pakistan Department of Soil Waterand ClimateUniversity of MinnesotaSant Paul55108USA Department of Horticultural Sciences The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Department of Nutrition and Food Science Faculty of Home EconomicsUniversity of TabukTabuk71491Saudi Arabia Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of TabukTabuk71491Saudi Arabia Department of Food and Nutrition Faculty of Human Sciences and DesignKing Abdul Aziz UniversityJeddah21551Saudi Arabia Clinical Nutrition Department College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesJeddah211423Saudi Arabia Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences The Faculty of Applied Medical SciencesTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research(CBSR) Deanship of Scientific ResearchTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and TechnologySrinagar190025India College of Food Science and Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Fruits and VegetablesZhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou310018China Department of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureKafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikh33156Egypt

Tomato is an important field crop,and nutritional imbalances frequently reduce its *** and Recommendation Integrated System(DRIS),uses ratios for nutrient deficiency diagnosis instead of absolute concentration in plant *** this study,local DRIS norms for the field tomatoes were established and the nutrient(s)limiting tomatoes yield were *** leaves were analyzed for nutrients,to identify nutritional status using the DRIS *** hundred tomatoes fields were selected from Chatter Plain Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the Sheikupura Punjab *** first fully matured leaf was sampled,rinsed,dried and ground for analyzing P,K,Ca,Mg,Cu,Fe,Mn and Zn using an Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrophotometer(ICP AES).Plant tissue N and S were measured by the combustion *** tomatoes yields were recorded at each *** data were divided into high-yielding(≥3.79 kg/10 plant)and low-yielding(<3.79 kg/10 plant)populations and norms were computed using standard DRIS ***-yielding plant population had a statistically greater mean S and Fe than the low-yielding *** average balance index,the sum of functions,for S and Fe were−11.04 and−5.17 which reflected deficiency of S and *** nutrients norms established may optimize plant nutrition in field tomatoes for high yield.

关键词： DRIS macro and micro nutrients nutrients norms plant population tomato production

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Control of Blood Pressure and Complication Presence in Khartoum State, Sudan

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2023年第4期13卷 381-394页

作者： nisreen A. A. Ahmad Maha M. Bilal Ziryab Z. M. Elmahdi Tayseer Abdelmotalib Ahmed Taha Tamadur A. Abdelrahman Rowa Abdelmonem Sidig Hamadto Sahar M. B. Elnour Minstery of Health Kariba Health Center Wad Madani Sudan Family Medicine Department Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia Emergency Department Sheikh Khalifa Medical City Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Dhaman Health Assurance Hospitals Company Kuwait City Kuwait Diabetes Specialized Centre Port Sudan Sudan Sudan Medical Specialization Board Khartoum Sudan

Background: Hypertension is a common chronic disease and an important public health problem. The prevention of complications depends on hypertension control. Aim: To assess blood pressure control, complication presence, and their influencing factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with hypertension attending a private medical facility, a governmental facility, and a primary health care center in Khartoum, Sudan, between September 2022 and February 2023. Statistical Package for Special Sciences version 25 was used for data analysis;frequency and percentage were used to describe the qualitative variables. A chi-square test was used for co-relation analysis;a P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant, and the confidence interval was 95%. Results: The study included 250 participants;55.6% were males. Their age was 58.77 ± 6.80 years, and they had hypertension for 10.7 ± 8.51 years. The duration of the disease was 10.7 ± 8.51 years. Systolic blood pressure was 127.1 ± 11.3 mm hg, and diastolic blood pressure was 81.6 ± 7.1 mm hg. Of the participants, 76.4% had controlled hypertension, while 27.6% had complications due to hypertension. Controlled blood pressure was associated with females, age group 40 - 60 years, normal waist circumference, and high adherence level (P ≤ 0.05). The presence of complications was associated with males, participants older than 60 years, and a low adherence level (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: In Sudan, the level of control is good;nonetheless, not all patients achieve it. Availability and access to treatment facilities and medications should be improved. Proper patient counseling should be offered, as well as continuous care.

关键词： Hypertension Blood Pressure Control Complications

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L-Proline as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor in Aqueous Solutions for Carbon Steel

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Journal of Metallic Material Research 2021年第1期4卷 1-5页

作者： nisreen Faraj Kareima A.Abdelghani A.A.Idress Dalal.M.Ibrahim Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceOmar Almukhtar UniversityAlbaydaLibya

The chemical technique was used to investigate the inhibition and adsorption properties of L-proline for steel corrosion(weight loss method).As the concentration of L-proline increased,the inhibition efficiency increased,but decreased as the temperature increased,according to the *** inhibitor’s adsorption to the steel surface has been shown to be random,involving both electrostatic and *** Temkin adsorption isotherm governs the adsorption of L-proline to the steel *** parameters have been determined in some cases.

关键词： Corrosion inhibition Carbon steel Proline HCl

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