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Widespread and active piezotolerant microorganisms mediate phenolic compound degradation under high hydrostatic pressure in hadal trenches

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 331-348页

作者： Hao Ling Yongxin lv Yu Zhang ning‑Yi Zhou Ying Xu State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences and School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Oceanography Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key of Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Phenolic compounds,as well as other aromatic compounds,have been reported to be abundant in hadal trenches.Although high-throughput sequencing studies have hinted at the potential of hadal microbes to degrade these compounds,direct microbiological,genetic and biochemical evidence under in situ pressures remain absent.Here,a microbial consortium and a pure culture of Pseudomonas,newly isolated from Mariana Trench sediments,efficiently degraded phenol under pressures up to 70 and 60 MPa,respectively,with concomitant increase in biomass.By analyzing a high-pressure(70 MPa)culture metatranscriptome,not only was the entire range of metabolic processes under high pressure generated,but also genes encod-ing complete phenol degradation via ortho-and meta-cleavage pathways were revealed.The isolate of Pseudomonas also contained genes encoding the complete degradation pathway.Six transcribed genes(dmpKLMNOP_(sed))were functionally identified to encode a multicomponent hydroxylase catalyzing the hydroxylation of phenol and its methylated derivatives by heterogeneous expression.In addition,key catabolic genes identified in the metatranscriptome of the high-pressure cultures and genomes of bacterial isolates were found to be all widely distributed in 22 published hadal microbial metagenomes.At microbiological,genetic,bioinformatics,and biochemical levels,this study found that microorganisms widely found in hadal trenches were able to effectively drive phenolic compound degradation under high hydrostatic pressures.This information will bridge a knowledge gap concerning the microbial aromatics degradation within hadal trenches.

关键词： Hadal trench High hydrostatic pressure Phenolic compounds degradation Piezotolerant microorganisms Widespread distribution

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Probiotic cocktails accelerate baicalin metabolism in the ileum to modulate intestinal health in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 779-794页

作者： Mingkun Gao Chaoyong Liao Jianyang Fu Zhonghua ning Zengpeng lv Yuming Guo State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Background Baicalin and probiotic cocktails are promising feed additives with broad application prospects.While probiotic cocktails are known to enhance intestinal health,the potential synergistic impact of combining baicalin with probiotic cocktails on the gut health of broiler chickens remains largely unexplored.Therefore,this study aims to investigate the influence of the combined administration of baicalin and probiotic cocktails on the composition of ileal and cecal microbiota in broiler chickens to elucidate the underlying mechanisms responsible for the healthpromoting effects.Results A total of 3201-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were divided into 4 groups,each with 8 replicates of 10 chicks per replicate.Over a period of 42 d,the birds were fed a basal diet or the same diet supplemented with 37.5 g/t baicalin(BC),1,000 g/t probiotic cocktails(PC),or a combination of both BC(37.5 g/t)and PC(1,000 g/t).The results demonstrated that BC+PC exhibited positive synergistic effects,enhancing intestinal morphology,immune function,and barrier function.This was evidenced by increased VH/CD ratio,sIgA levels,and upregulated expression of occludin and claudin-1(Pning baicalin and probiotic cocktails.Probiotic cocktails enhanced the effects of baicalin and accelerated its metabolism in the ileum,thereby influencing the ileal

关键词： Baicalin Gut health Ileal microbiota Probiotic cocktails Synergistic effects

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{1012}twin–twin intersection-induced lattice rotation and dynamic recrystallization in Mg–6Al–3Sn–2Zn alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1529-1539页

作者： Bin-Jiang lv Sen Wang Fu-Hao Gao ning Cui Yi-Nan Li Tie-Wei Xu Feng Guo School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Qingdao University of Technology266520China Key Lab of industrial Fluid Energy Conservation and Pollution Control Qingdao University of Technology266520China

This study investigated the formation mechanism of new grains due to twin–twin intersections in a coarse-grained Mg–6Al–3Sn–2Zn alloy during different strain rates of an isothermal compression.The results of electron backscattered diffraction investigations showed that the activated twins were primarily{1012}tension twins,and 60°boundaries formed due to twin–twin intersections under different strain rates.Isolated twin variants with 60°boundaries transformed into new grains through lattice rotations at a low strain rate(0.01 s^(−1)).At a high strain rate(10 s^(−1)),the regions surrounded by subgrain boundaries through high-density dislocation arrangement and the 60°boundaries transformed into new grains via dynamic recrystallization.

关键词： Mg alloy Twin-twin intersection Lattice rotation Dynamic recrystallization

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Leaching process of phosphorus and iron from steelmaking slag into malic acid solution

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2022年第6期29卷 951-960页

作者： ning-ning lv Chang Su Hui Kong Hai-chuan Wang Yuan-chi Dong Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Emission Reduction and Resources Recycling Ministry of EducationAnhui University of TechnologyMa’anshan 243002AnhuiChina School of Metallurgical Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMa’anshan 243002AnhuiChina

In order to remove phosphorus element from steelmaking slag and decrease iron loss,malic acid was selected as the leaching agent to dissolve steelmaking slag.Firstly,the influences of different factors,such as malic acid concentration,slag particle size,temperature,liquid/solid ratio and stirring speed,on the leaching ratios of phosphorus and iron were studied.Then,the kinetics for the leaching process of phosphorus was analyzed.The results showed that the leaching ratios of phosphorus and iron increase significantly with increasing the malic acid solution concentration and liquid/solid ratio.When the concentration of malic acid solution increases up to 0.01492 mol/L,about 80%phosphorus can be dissolved,and iron leaching ratio is less than 17%.In addition,decreasing slag particle size can obviously increase the leaching ratio of phosphorus.However,temperature and stirring speed have no significant effect on the dissolution of phosphorus and iron.The leaching kinetics of phosphorus follows the unreacted shrinking core model.Diffusion through product layer is the rate-limiting step of the leaching process,and the corresponding apparent activation energy is determined to be 3.32 kJ/mol.Finally,a semi-empirical kinetic equation was established.

关键词： Leaching process Steelmaking slag Phosphorus Iron Malic acid solution

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Hepatocyte growth factor enhances the ability of dental pulp stem cells to ameliorate atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-knockout mice

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第5期16卷 575-590页

作者： Han Duan ning Tao Lin lv Kai-Xin Yan Yong-Gang You Zhuang Mao Chang-Yao Wang Xue Li Jia-Yan Jin Chu-Tse Wu Hua Wang School of Life Sciences Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002Hebei ProvinceChina Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine Beijing 100850China Department of Cardiology The Sixth Medical CentreChinese People’s Liberation Army General HospitalBeijing 100037China Department of Orthopaedics The Fourth Medical CentreChinese People’s Liberation Army General HospitalBeijing 100853China Third Cadet Regiment School of Basic Medical ScienceAir Force Medical UniversityXi’an 710032Shaanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis(AS),a chronic inflammatory disease of blood vessels,is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease.Dental pulp stem cells(DPSCs)are capable of exerting immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects by secreting cytokines and exosomes and are widely used to treat autoimmune and inflam-mation-related diseases.Hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays a key role in many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.AIM To modify DPSCs with HGF(DPSC-HGF)and evaluate the therapeutic effect of DPSC-HGF on AS using an apolipoprotein E-knockout(ApoE-/-)mouse model and an in vitro cellular model.METHODS ApoE-/-mice were fed with a high-fat diet(HFD)for 12 wk and injected with DPSC-HGF or Ad-Null modified DPSCs(DPSC-Null)through tail vein at weeks 4,7,and 11,respectively,and the therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms were analyzed by histopathology,flow cytometry,lipid and glucose measurements,real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at the different time points of the experiment.An in vitro inflammatory cell model was established by using RAW264.7 cells and human aortic endothelial cells(HAOECs),and indirect co-cultured with supernatant of DPSC-Null(DPSC-Null-CM)or DPSC-HGF-CM,and the effect and mechanisms were analyzed by flow cytometry,RT-PCR and western blot.Nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)activators and inhibitors were also used to validate the related signaling pathways.RESULTS DPSC-Null and DPSC-HGF treatments decreased the area of atherosclerotic plaques and reduced the expression of inflammatory factors,and the percentage of macrophages in the aorta,and DPSC-HGF treatment had more pronounced effects.DPSCs treatment had no effect on serum lipoprotein levels.The FACS results showed that DPSCs treatment reduced the percentages of monocytes,neutrophils,and M1 macrophages in the peripheral blood and spleen.DPSC-Null-CM and DPSC-HGF-CM reduced adhesion molecule expression in tumor necrosis factor-αstimulated HAOECs and regul

关键词： Atherosclerosis Apolipoprotein E-knockout mice Cell therapy Dental pulp stem cells Hepatocyte growth factor

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Concise Synthesis of Lactococcus garvieae Lipoteichoic Acids Through an Additive-Modulated Preactivation Protocol and the Immunological Studies

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第2期6卷 403-414页

作者： Tianlu Li Tong Li Yue Yang Haoru Zhuang Jianwu lv ning Zhou Miaomiao Zhang Fengshan Wang Yiqun Geng Richard R.Schmidt Peng Peng National Glycoengineering Research Center Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and GlycobiologyNMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate Based MedicineShandong UniversityQingdao 266237 State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050 Department of Chemistry University of KonstanzD-78457 Konstanz

Lipoteichoic acids(LTAs)are macroamphiphiles composed of alditol,lipid,phosphate,and carbohydrate units.Due to their inherent complexity,it is a severe challenge to access LTAs with structural integrity from natural sources for biological or immunological evaluation.Here,we describe the first total synthesis of Lactococcus garvieae LTA(type II LTA),containing five distinct 1,2-cis gluco/galactopyranosidic linkages,via a novel additive-modulated O-glycosyl trichloroacetimidate preactivation glycosidation strategy.This strategy features(1)high glycosidation yields and excellent 1,2-cis stereoselectivities independent of the donor anomeric configuration,(2)common and inexpensive reagents as promoters and additives,(3)application to standard glycosyl imidate donors without resorting to participating protection,and(4)general application to reactive and less reactive glycosyl acceptors.Thus,via the precise stereocontrolled construction of three galactopyranosidic and two glucopyranosidic bonds on a multigram scale,a series of structurally well-defined LTA molecules were successfully assembled.Immunological evaluation of these type II synthetic LTAs showed a structure–activity relationship in the stimulation of a proinflammatory response.

关键词： 1,2-cis glycosidation stereoselectivity lipoteichoic acid total synthesis additive-modulated trichloroacetimidate glycosidation immune response

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世界文化遗产保护管理规划体系及策略探讨

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文博 2024年第2期 108-112页

作者：吕宁安程清华大学建筑学院国家遗产中心北京100084 中国文化遗产研究院北京100029

世界遗产保护管理规划作为管理遗产地的重要工具,既是《实施〈世界遗产公约〉操作指南》对缔约国提出的重要要求,也符合遗产地自身保护管理的需求。中国的遗产保护经历了近40年的实践,已经形成了一整套相对完善的体制。但面对变化中的... 详细信息

世界遗产保护管理规划作为管理遗产地的重要工具,既是《实施〈世界遗产公约〉操作指南》对缔约国提出的重要要求,也符合遗产地自身保护管理的需求。中国的遗产保护经历了近40年的实践,已经形成了一整套相对完善的体制。但面对变化中的遗产理念和中国国情,世界遗产保护管理规划如何在立足于规划体系的基础上更有针对性和创新性,还需从规划的重要内容和规划审批程序上建立符合自身发展的规范体系,以期为我国文化自信的提升和社会经济的可持续发展做出贡献。

关键词：保护管理规划价值规划体系策略

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外区域上可压缩Euler方程组的有限时间破裂

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中国科学：数学 2024年第3期54卷 247-258页

作者：蔡律赖宁安周忆复旦大学数学科学学院上海200433 浙江师范大学数学科学学院金华321004

本文研究高维(n=2,3)外区域中可压缩Euler方程组初边值问题解的长时间行为.假定初始密度和速度场在常状态附近有一个紧支集小扰动,本文证明带不可渗透边界条件的初边值问题没有整体解,并进一步给出解关于初值小扰动参数的生命跨度上界估... 详细信息

本文研究高维(n=2,3)外区域中可压缩Euler方程组初边值问题解的长时间行为.假定初始密度和速度场在常状态附近有一个紧支集小扰动,本文证明带不可渗透边界条件的初边值问题没有整体解,并进一步给出解关于初值小扰动参数的生命跨度上界估计;引入一种比较简单的试探函数方法,并结合能量恒等式证明主要结论.

关键词： Euler方程组可压缩外区域破裂生命跨度估计

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Genomic surveillance of emerging SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variations in Tianjin Municipality, China 2022

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Biosafety and Health 2024年第2期6卷 61-69页

作者： Xin Gao Ming Zou Yue Lei Zhaolin Tan Zhichao Zhuang Baolu Zheng Aiping Yu Yanzhen Han Xiaohui Lu Xiaochang Liu Ying Wang Yuan Wang Liru Guo Guangwen Liu Wen Li Yang Liu Likun lv Peiyong ning Xiaoyan Li Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Tianjin 300011China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiologyof Infectious Disease Tianjn Centers for Disease Controland PreventionTianjin 300011China

The coronavirus disease 2019(COvID-19)pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has severely impacted public health.In 2022,the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 rapidly became the dominant circulating variant in the local COVID-19 outbreaks in Tianjin Municipality,China.To gain a deeper understanding of the genetic variations of the Omicron variant in Tianjin,specimens from indi-viduals who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between December 2021 and November 2022 were used for virus whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.A total of 1,674 high-quality Omicron sequences were obtained,consisting of 1,339 sequences from local cases belonging to 20 Phylogenetic Assignment of Named Global Outbreak(PANGO)lineages and 335 sequences from imported cases belonging to 70 lineages.Tianjin experienced five waves of local outbreaks,accompanied by multiple substitutions among subvariants,ranging from the initial BA.1.1 lineage to the subsequent BA.2,BF.7,and BA.5.2 lineages.The evolutionary rate of local strains,estimated to be 28.999 substitutions per year,and the evolutionary rate of imported strains,estimated to be 24.946 substitutions per year,were lower than that of the strains circulating globally.The addi-tional substitutions and deletions of local strains have been used to identify and disrupt the virus transmission chains.The subvariants such as BA.5.2.48,BA.5.2.49,BF.7.14,and XBB.1 circulating in the fifth epidemic wave presented criterial immune escape mutations including S:R346T,S:L452R and S:F486V.It is essential to implement genomic surveillance strategies to investigate further the development of genomic mutation char-acteristics in the SARS-CoV-2 variant.This ongoing monitoring will contribute to a better understanding of the virus's genetic changes and aid in effective control measures.

关键词： Severeacute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) Coronavirusdisease2019(COVID-19) Omicron variant Wholegenome sequencing(WGS)

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一种系列化喷水推进装置的快速选型方法

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舰船科学技术 2024年第11期46卷 92-97页

作者：孟堃宇吕宁喷水推进技术重点实验室上海200011 中国船舶及海洋工程设计研究院上海200011

船用喷水推进装置通常采用系列化的供货模式。喷水推进供货商依据提供的船舶主尺度、航速、动力系统等输入参数,通过船-机-泵匹配理论从系列化喷水推进产品中选择一型以满足需求。本文提出一种基于系列化喷水推进装置的快速选型方法,在... 详细信息

船用喷水推进装置通常采用系列化的供货模式。喷水推进供货商依据提供的船舶主尺度、航速、动力系统等输入参数,通过船-机-泵匹配理论从系列化喷水推进产品中选择一型以满足需求。本文提出一种基于系列化喷水推进装置的快速选型方法,在仅已知设计航速和主机功率的条件下可快速选择适当的系列化喷水推进规格。本文方法适用于船舶的前期论证和方案设计阶段,船东或设计人员能利用本方法和喷水推进产品样本来实现快速选型。系列化快速选型的结果经分析误差较小,能够满足工程应用的需求。

关键词：喷水推进系列化快速选型船-机-泵匹配

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