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Evaluation of berries of Phytolacca dodecandra for growth inhibition of Histoplasma capsulatum *** and treatment of cases of epizootic lymphangitis in Ethiopia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第7期2卷 505-510页

作者： Negesse Mekonnen Eyasu Makonnen nigatu aklilu Gobena Ameni Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineAddis Ababa University aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology Addis Ababa University Society for the Protection of Animals Abroad(SPANA) School of Veterinary MedicineAddis Ababa University

Objective:To evaluate the berries of Phytolacca dodecundra(***) for its effect on Histoplasma cupsulatum ***(HCF) and for the treatment of cases of epizootic lymphangitis(***:Samples were collected from un-ruptured nodules of cases of EL at Debre Zeit and Akaki(central Ethiopia).Mycologieal culture and isolation of HCF were performed at the Akliln Lemma Institute of *** screening was done for n-butanol extract of *** to delect alkaloids,saponins,phenolic compounds and *** minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs) and minimum fungicidal concentrations(MFCs) ol aqueous and n-butanol extracts of *** against FICF were determined by agar dilution *** the in vivo trial.5%simple ointment was prepared from n-butanol extract and applied topically to 24(twelve early and twelve moderate) cases of ***:Phytochemical screening showed that n-butanol extract ol *** was positive lor *** and phenolic compounds but negative for *** MFCs of n-butanol and aqueous extracts of *** were(0.039%-0.078%) and(0.625%-1.250%),*** MFCs of n-butanol and aqueous extracts of *** were(0.078%t-0.156%)and(1.250%-2.500%),*** MIC and MFC of ketoconazole(positive control) was(1.200×10^(-5)%-2.500×10^(-5)%) and(5.000× 10^(-5)%-1.000×10^(-4)%),respectively while growth was observed on free medium(negative control).From the total of 24 treated cases of EL,14(58.3%) responded lo treatment;however,10(41.7%) did not respond to *** was no significant difference in the degree of response to treatment between early and moderate cases(χ~2=0.086:P=***:It can be concluded that n-butanol extract of *** demonstrates antifungal effects while the aqueous extract shows no antifungal activity.

关键词： Epizootic lymphangitis Phytolacca dodecandra Histoplasma capsulatum var.farciminosum Minimum inhibitory concentration Minimum fungicidal concentration Phytochemical screening Antifungal activity Agar dilution assay Mycological culture In vivo trial Contagious disease Chronic disease Lymphangitis

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Characterization of mycobacterium isolates from pulmomary tuberculosis suspected cases visiting Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory at Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute,Addis Ababa Ethiopia:a cross sectional study

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第1期8卷 35-40页

作者： Biniam Mathewos nigatu Kebede Tesfu Kassa Adane Mihret Muluwork Getahun Department of Immunology and Molecular biology School of Biomedical and Laboratory SciencesCollege of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of Gondar aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology College of Health SciencesAddis Ababa University Armaour Hanson Research Institute Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute

Objective:To characterize mycobaclerium isolates from pulmomary tuberculosis suspected cases visiting National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory at Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute,for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis from January 4 to February 22.2010 with total samples of ***:Sputum specimens were collected and processed:the deposits were *** culturing Lowenstein Jensen medium(LJ) and Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube(BACTEC MGIT 960) were *** Neo was used for detecting NTM isolates from isolates of BACTEC *** Armauer Hansen Research Institute,Addis Ababa Ethiopia,Deletion typing PCR method for species identification(from confirmed Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex(MTBC) isolates by Capilia Neo) uas ***:Out of 263 enrolled in the study.124 and 117 ol them were positive for mycobaeterium growth by BACTEC MGIT 960 and 1.1 culture method,*** BACTEC MGIT 960 positive media of 124 isolates.117 were randomly taken to perform Capilia TB Neo *** these 7(6%) of them were found to be NTM and 110(94%) were *** these 110 MTBC isolates,81 of them were randomly taken and run by the deletion typing RD9 PCR method of molecular *** of these 78(96.3%) were found to be species of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 3(3.7%) were found to be not in the *** the types of methods of culture *** Growth Indicator Tube(BACTEC MGIT 960) method was found to have excellent agreement(with kappa value ol 0.78) with the routine method of ***:Pulmonary tuberculosis suspected cases visiting the National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory at EHNR1 that were confirmed to be pulmonary tuberculosis are caused by the species of Mycobacterium *** treatment regimen including pyrazinamide can be applied to the patients as the first choice in the study area in Addis *** is indication of the presence of NTM in patients visiting the tuberculosis ref

关键词： NTM Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex Mycobacteria growth indicator tube Lowenstein Jensen media

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Community knowledge,attitude and practice towards cutaneous leishmaniasis endemic area Ochello,Gamo Gofa Zone,South Ethiopia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第7期6卷 562-567页

作者： nigatu Kebede Alemayehu Worku Ahmed Ali Abebe Animut Yohannes Negash Wondwossen Abebe Gebreyes Abhay Satoskar aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology Addis Ababa University Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University Department of Molecular Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine The Ohio State University Department of Pathology College of Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of the community related to cutaneous leishmaniasis(CL) in an endemic area Ochello, Gamo Gofa Zone, South ***: We conducted community based cross-sectional survey among residents in Ochello from November to December 2014. The study area was purposely selected based on previous reports on endemicity of CL. Using simple random sampling technique, a total of 392 household participants were selected in the study area Ochello. Structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Regarding the responses given to knowledge, attitude and practice, a score of 1 was given for each right response and 0 for unsure responses. Data were double entered and analysis was conducted using SPSS version 20 statistical *** statistics that include frequency and percentage were used to analyze the ***: In total, 392 individuals were participated in our study where 225(57.4%) of the participants were males and 167(42.6%) were females. Of all the total participants, 265(67.6%) had heard of the disease, and 127(32.4%) responded that they did not know *** on the scoring results, 265(67.6%) participants were knowledgeable about CL. Out of 265 participants who heard about CL, most of them [215(54.8%)] had the attitude that CL was a problem in their area and had no positive attitude towards the treatment of ***, 215(54.8%) replied that CL was preventable. Majority of the respondents did not sleep outdoors and did not practice sleeping near vegetation with or without bed ***: The current finding indicated that the inhabitants of Ochello developed good awareness and encouraging attitude regarding CL. However, their prevention and control practice was very low. Hence, the result of this study calls for organized community awareness creation through various means.

关键词： Community Cutaneous leishmaniasis Knowledge,attitude and practice Ochello Ethiopia

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Infection of sheep by Echinococcus multilocularis in Gansu,China:evidence from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA analysis

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第4期12卷 107-107页

作者： Nigus Abebe Shumuye Li Li Wen-Hui Li Nian-Zhang Zhang Yan-Tao Wu Yao-Dong Wu Wen-Jun Tian Lin-Sheng Zhang Xiao-Feng Nian Guo-Dong Dai Wei-Gang Chen Sheng-Zhi Gao Xue-Qi Tian Jun-Shi Liu Bin Li nigatu Kebede Bao-Quan Fu Hong-Bin Yan Wan-Zhong Jia State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention College of Veterinary Medicine National Para-Reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute Lanzhou University Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Lanzhou China Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine and Epidemiology Mekelle University College of Veterinary Sciences Kalamino Campus Mekelle Ethiopia Gansu Animal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention Lanzhou China Jingyuan County Animal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention Jingyuan County Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Technical Service Center Jingyuan China aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses Yangzhou China

BackgroundIn the normal life cycle of the parasite(Echinococcus multilocularis)that causes alveolar echinococcosis,domestic and wild carnivores act as definitive hosts,and rodents act as intermediate *** presented study contributes to the research on the distribution and transmission pattern of *** in China having identified sheep as an unusual intermediate host taking part in the domestic transmission of alveolar echinococcosis in Gansu Province,*** 2020 to 2021,nine whitish different cyst-like were collected from the liver of sheep in Gansu Province for examination.A near complete mitochondrial(mt)genome and selected nuclear genes were amplified from the cyst-like lesion for *** confirm the status of the specimen,comparative analysis with reference sequences,phylogenetic analysis,and network analysis were *** isolates displayed≥98.87%similarity to *** NADH dehydrogenase sub-unit 1(nad1)(894 bp)reference sequences deposited in ***,amplification of the nad4 and nad2 genes also confirmed all nine samples as *** with>99.30%***,three nuclear genes,pepck(1545 bp),elp-exons VII and VIII(566 bp),and elp-exon IX(256 bp),were successfully amplified and sequenced for one of the isolates with 98.42%similarity,confirming the isolates were correctly identified as *** analysis also correctly placed the isolates with other *** a result of the discovery of *** in an unusual intermediate host,which is considered to have the highest zoonotic potential,the result clearly demonstrated the necessity for expanded surveillance in the area.

关键词： Echinococcus multilocularis China Sheep Liver Phylogeny

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