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Are school uniforms associated with gender inequalities in physical activity? A pooled analysis of population-level data from 135 countries/regions

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 590-598页

作者： Mairead Ryan Luiza I.c.Ricardo nicole Nathan Riikka Hofmann Esther van Sluijs Medical Research council Epidemiology Unit University of CambridgeCambridge CB20QQUK Faculty of Education University of CambridgeCambridge CB28PQUK Hunter New England Population Health WallsendNSW 2287Australia School of Medicine and Public Health College of HealthMedicine and WellbeingUniversity of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Hunter Medical Research Institute New Lambton HeightsNSW 2305Australia National centre of Implementation Science University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia

Purpose:It is aimed to assess whether school uniforms are associated with population-level gender inequalities in physical activity,and whether associations differ by school level,country/region income,and assessment ***:An ecological study design was *** collected data about global uniform practices using an online *** searched for country/region-level estimates of school-aged youth meeting physical activity guidelines from international surveillance *** selection was conducted in duplicate using a systematic process,and a random sample of all data was checked to ensure extraction and pooling processes were *** calculated absolute and relative gender inequalities in physical activity for each *** regression examined associations between country/region-level uniform practices(binary yes/no exposure variable) and country/region-level gender inequalities in physical activity guideline compliance(absolute and relative inequalities).We investigated moderation by school level,stratified analyses by income group,and repeated primary analyses using device-measured ***:Pooling data from 135 countries/regions(n=1,089,852),we found no association between population-level uniform practices and gender inequalities in physical activity across all ages(absolute:β=-0.2;95% confidence interval(95%cI):-1.7 to 1.3,p=0.74;relative:β=0.1;95%cI:-0.1 to 0.2,p=0.51).Subgroup analysis suggested a positive association in primary school settings(absolute:β=4.3;95%cI:-0.0 to 8.6,p=0.05).Among high-income countries,absolute inequalities were significantly greater in countries/regions with uniform practices(N=37) compared to those without(N=48)(9.1(SD=3.6) vs.7.8 percentage points(SD=4.3)).Repeating analyses using device-measured data(n=32,130;N=24) did not alter our primary *** initial descriptive statistics,we found that in countries/regions where a maj ority of schools(>50%) reportedly use uniforms,there was lower compli

关键词： School policy clothing child Adolescent Accelerometer

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Impact of sex on the outcomes of deceased donor liver transplantation

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 120-129页

作者： Oya M Andacoglu Isabel S Dennahy nicole c Mountz Luisa Wilschrey Arzu Oezcelik Division of Transplantation and Advanced Hepatobiliary Surgery University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112United States Department of Surgery University of EssenEssen D-45122Germany Department of Surgery The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOK 73117United States Department of Surgery University of Oklahoma College of MedicineOklahoma CityOK 73117United States

BAcKGROUND Data examining the impact of sex on liver transplant(LT)outcomes are *** is clear that further research into sex-related differences in transplant patients is necessary to identify areas for *** of these differences may help to identify specific areas of focus to improve on the organ matching process,as well as the peri-and post-operative care of these *** To utilize data from a high-volume Eurotransplant center to compare characteristics of male and female patients undergoing liver transplant and assess association between sex-specific variables with short-and long-term post-transplant *** A retrospective review of the University of Essen’s transplant database was performed with collection of baseline patient characteristics,transplant-related data,and short-term *** of these data were made with Shapiro-Wilk,Mann-Whitney U,χ2 and Bonferroni tests applied where appropriate.A P value ofccepted as statistically *** Of the total 779 LT recipients,261(33.5%)were *** patients suffered higher incidences of acute liver failure and lower incidences of alcohol-related or viremic liver disease(P=0.001).Female patients were more likely to have received an organ from a female donor with a higher donor risk index score,and as a high urgency offer(all Pcharacteristics of male and female recipients were also significantly *** multivariate hazard regression analysis,recipient lab-Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score and donor cause of death were associated with long-term outcomes in ***-operative diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma,age at time of listing,duration of surgery,and units transfused during surgery,were associated with long-term outcomes in *** of complications was associated with long-term outcomes in both *** survival was similar in both males and females;however,when stratified by age,females<50 y

关键词： Liver transplant Outcomes Survival Peri-and post-operative care

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comparison of methods for deriving phenotypes from incomplete observation data with an application to age at puberty in dairy cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 535-545页

作者： Melissa A.Stephen chris R.Burke Jennie E.Pryce nicole M.Steele Peter R.Amer Susanne Meier claire V.c.Phyn Dorian J.Garrick DairyNZ Ltd 605 Ruakura RoadHamilton 3240New Zealand AL Rae centre for Genetics and Breeding-Massey University RuakuraHamilton 3214New Zealand Agriculture Victoria Research AgriBioCentre for AgriBioscienceBundooraVictoria 3083Australia School of Applied Systems Biology La Trobe UniversityBundooraVictoria 3083Australia AbacusBio DunedinNew Zealand

Background Many phenotypes in animal breeding are derived from incomplete measures,especially if they are challenging or expensive to measure *** include time-dependent traits such as reproductive status,or *** measures for these traits result in phenotypes that are subject to left-,interval-and rightcensoring,where phenotypes are only known to fall below an upper bound,between a lower and upper bound,or above a lower bound *** we compare three methods for deriving phenotypes from incomplete data using age at first elevation(>1 ng/mL)in blood plasma progesterone(AGEP4),which generally coincides with onset of puberty,as an example *** We produced AGEP4 phenotypes from three blood samples collected at about 30-day intervals from approximately 5,000 Holstein–Friesian or Holstein–Friesian×Jersey cross-bred dairy heifers managed in 54 seasonal-calving,pasture-based herds in New *** used these actual data to simulate 7 different visit scenarios,increasing the extent of censoring by disregarding data from one or two of the three *** methods for deriving phenotypes from these data were explored:1)ordinal categorical variables which were analysed using categorical threshold analysis;2)continuous variables,with a penalty of 31 d assigned to right-censored phenotypes;and 3)continuous variables,sampled from within a lower and upper bound using a data augmentation *** credibility intervals for heritability estimations overlapped across all methods and visit scenarios,but estimated heritabilities tended to be higher when left censoring was *** sires with at least 5 daughters,the correlations between estimated breeding values(EBVs)from our three-visit scenario and each reduced data scenario varied by method,ranging from 0.65 to *** estimated breed effects also varied by method,but breed differences were smaller as phenotype censoring *** Our results indicate that using

关键词： cattle Gibbs sampler Markov-chain Monte carlo(McMc) Puberty

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家庭中杀虫剂浓度的时间变异性和对流行病学研究中衰减偏倚的启示

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环境与职业医学 2013年第8期30卷 647-647页

作者： nicole c.deziel Mary H.Ward Erin M.Bell Todd P.Whitehead Robert B.Gunier Melissa c.Friesen John R.Nuckols

[背景]已证实住宅杀虫剂暴露与成人和儿童的不良健康结局相关。高质量的暴露评估是确认这些关联的关键。以往的流行病学研究采用一次测量地毯灰尘中杀虫剂浓度来描述个体长期暴露的平均值。如果浓度随着时间的推移而变化，那么这种方法... 详细信息

[背景]已证实住宅杀虫剂暴露与成人和儿童的不良健康结局相关。高质量的暴露评估是确认这些关联的关键。以往的流行病学研究采用一次测量地毯灰尘中杀虫剂浓度来描述个体长期暴露的平均值。如果浓度随着时间的推移而变化，那么这种方法会导致对暴露明显的错误分类，削弱对风险的估计。[目的]评估地毯灰尘样本中杀虫剂浓度的可重复性和流行病学研究中依赖于一个样本的潜在衰减偏倚。[方法]在2003-2005年期间，从加州Fresno县的21个家庭中，重复收集地毯灰尘样本（中位数=3，范围1～7）。使用气相色谱-质谱法分析灰尘中的13种杀虫剂；采用混合效应模型估计家庭之间和家庭内的方差。计算每一种杀虫剂的组内相关系数（Icc），并估计收集单次灰尘样品的假设病例对照研究衰减回归系数。[结果]Icc的中位数为0．73（范围0．37—0．95），表明大多数杀虫剂家庭之间的变异性高于家庭内部的变异性。对于13种化合物中进行评估的7种，与使用单一灰尘样本相关的预期衰减偏倚估计为≤30％。[结论]对于研究的几种杀虫剂，使用一个灰尘样本代表约为2年的暴露期，其比值比不会大幅衰减。还需要进一步研究，以确定上述研究结果是否可以代表更长的暴露时间并且适用于其他杀虫剂。

关键词：灰尘环境暴露杀虫剂信度

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Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl LászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes c.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas H.Teuschl-Woller David Hercher Department Life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGcs). However, the use of tNGcs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGc would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGcs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGcs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGcs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGcs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGcs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGcs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGcs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

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最狭长山脉造就最狭长国度散落在智利与秘鲁的异度空间之谜

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环球人文地理 2024年第5期 38-49页

作者：丸子 Mark.c 胡子捷森郭卓然徐霄宇惺辰 MitchellFrye nicole videobuzzing Nataliya atosan Leckerstudio

在安第斯山脉的中部，谜团伴随着文明散落在狭长的海岸线，似乎永远找不到答案……安第斯山脉从南到北分为三大部分，北安第斯包括厄瓜多尔、哥伦比亚和委内瑞拉；中安第斯包括智利和秘鲁科迪勒拉；南安第斯包括火地岛和巴塔哥尼亚科迪...

在安第斯山脉的中部，谜团伴随着文明散落在狭长的海岸线，似乎永远找不到答案……安第斯山脉从南到北分为三大部分，北安第斯包括厄瓜多尔、哥伦比亚和委内瑞拉；中安第斯包括智利和秘鲁科迪勒拉；南安第斯包括火地岛和巴塔哥尼亚科迪勒拉。其中最引人关注的是中安第斯，这里仿佛是被神明选中的圣地，狭长的智利拥有世界上最孤独的岛屿；神秘的秘鲁掌握着印加帝国古老的文明。

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c19Mc miRNA-520G induces SP100 antiviral gene transcription and inhibits melanin production in skin cutaneous melanoma

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 60-63页

作者： Goodwin G.Jinesh Marian T.Smallin Nino Mtchedlidze Isha Godwin Marco Napoli nicole Hackel Manali S.Phadke Avani A.Deshpande Xiaobo Li John H.Lockhart Jaden R.Baldwin Suehelay Acevedo-Acevedo Yifeng Gao Michelle A.Reiser Keiran S.M.Smalley Elsa R.Flores Andrew S.Brohl Department of Molecular Oncology H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center&Research InstituteTampaFL 33612USA Molecular Medicine Program H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center&Research InstituteTampaFL 33612USA Saveetha Medical college ChennaiTamil Nadu 602105India Tumor Biology Department H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center&Research InstituteTampaFL 33612USA Sarcoma Department H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center&Research InstituteTampaFL 33612USA

SP100 is an antiviral protein that restricts the productive stage of human papillomavirus(HPV)and multiple other viruses,and viruses in turn block sUMO-1-mediated stabilization of SP100 and promotes its degradation(Table S1).Interferon(IFN)signaling could still produce more SP100 through transcription to counteract viruses.1 Viruses also disable the transcriptional up-regulation of SP100 to achieve persistent infection in hosts.

关键词： SP100 melanoma stabilization

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Associations between health-related fitness and patient-reported symptoms in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 851-862页

作者： Ki-Yong An Fernanda Z.Arthuso Myriam Filion Spencer J.Allen Stephanie M.Ntoukas Gordon J.Bell Jessica McNeil Qinggang Wang Margaret L.McNeely Jeff K.Vallance Lin Yang S.nicole culos-Reed Leanne Dickau John R.Mackey christine M.Friedenreich Kerry S.courneya Faculty of Kinesiology Sportand RecreationCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2H9Canada Department of Kinesiology School of Health and Human SciencesUniversity of North Carolina at GreensboroGreensboroNC 27412USA Department of cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Cancer Care AlbertaAlberta Health ServicesCalgary T2S 3C3Canada Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2H9Canada Faculty of Health Disciplines Athabasca UniversityAthabasca T9S 3A3Canada Department of Oncology Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 4N1Canada Faculty of Kinesiology University of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2H9Canada

Background:Newly diagnosed breast cancer patients experience symptoms that may affect their quality of life,treatment outcomes,and *** and managing breast cancer-related symptoms soon after diagnosis is *** purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between health-related fitness(HRF)and patient-reported symptoms in newly diagnosed breast cancer ***:This study utilized baseline data from the Alberta Moving Beyond Breast cancer cohort Study that were collected within 90 days of *** measures included peak cardiopulmonary fitness(peak volume of oxygen consumption(VO_(2peak))),maximal muscular strength and endurance,flexibility,and body *** measures included depression,sleep quality,and *** multivariable logistic regression was performed for ***:Of 1458 participants,51.5%reported poor sleep quality,26.5%reported significant fatigue,and 10.4%reported moderate *** multivariable-adjusted models,lower relative VO_(2peak)was independently associated with a greater likelihood of all symptom measures,including moderate depression(pcant fatigue(p=0.008),any symptom(pciations with all symptom measures such that all 3 lower quartiles exhibited similar elevated risk compared to the highest *** strength of the threshold associations varied by the symptom measure with odds ratios ranging from-1.5 for poor sleep quality to-3.0 for moderate depression and multiple ***,lower relative upper body muscular endurance was also independently associated with fatigue in a dose-response manner(p=0.001),and higher body weight was independently associated with poor sleep quality in an inverted U pattern(p=0.021).conclusion:Relative VO_(2peak)appears to be a critical HRF component associated with multiple patient-reported symptoms in newly diag

关键词： Breast cancer Fatigue Depression Sleep quality cardiorespiratory fitness

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Assessing the microbiota of recycled bedding sand on a Wisconsin dairy farm

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第2期13卷 601-612页

作者： Hannah E.Pilch Andrew J.Steinberger Donald c.Sockett nicole Aulik Garret Suen charles J.czuprynski Department of Pathobiological Sciences School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison 53706USA Department of Bacteriology University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison 53706USA Microbiology Doctoral Training Program University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison 53706USA Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison 53706USA

Background:Sand is often considered the preferred bedding material for dairy cows as it is thought to have lower bacterial counts than organic bedding materials and cows bedded on sand experience fewer cases of lameness and *** can also be efficiently recycled and reused,making it ***,some studies have suggested that the residual organic material present in recycled sand can serve as a reservoir for commensal and pathogenic bacteria,although no studies have yet characterized the total bacterial community *** we sought to characterize the bacterial community composition of a Wisconsin dairy farm bedding sand recycling system and its dynamics across several stages of the recycling process during both summer and winter using 16S rRNA gene amplicon ***:Bacterial community compositions of the sand recycling system differed by both seasons and *** samples had higher richness and distinct community compositions,relative to winter *** both summer and winter samples,the diversity of recycled sand decreased with time drying in the recycling ***,summer sand 14 d post-recycling was enriched in operational taxonomic units(OTUs)belonging to the genera Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas,relative to freshly washed sand and sand from cow *** contrast,no OTUs were found to be enriched in winter *** sand recycling system contained an overall core microbiota of 141 OTUs representing 68.45%±10.33%SD of the total bacterial relative abundance at each sampled *** 4 most abundant genera in this core microbiota included Acinetobacter,Psychrobacter,corynebacterium,and *** was present in greater abundance in summer samples,whereas Psychrobacter and corynebacterium had higher relative abundances in winter *** had consistent relative abundances across both ***:These findings highlight the potential of recycled bedding sand as a bacterial reservo

关键词： Bovine Dairy farm Microbiota Recycled bedding sand 16S rRNA sequencing

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Is the clinical head impulse test helpful in cochlear implantation candidacy evaluation?

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2023年第1期9卷 45-52页

作者： nicole T.Jiam Yi cai Katherine c.Wai colleen Polite Kurt Kramer Jeffrey D.Sharon Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of California San Francisco School of MedicineSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA

Objective:Vestibular dysfunction is a known risk of cochlear implantation(cI).However,the utility of the physical exam to screen cI candidates for vestibular dysfunction is not *** objective of this study is to evaluate the preoperative role of the clinical head impulse test(cHIT)in subjects undergoing cI surgery *** Design Setting,and Subjects:We conducted a retrospective review of 64 adult cI candidacy cases between 2017 and 2020 at a tertiary health care ***:All patients underwent audiometric testing and evaluation by the senior *** with an abnormal catch-up saccade contralateral to their worse hearing ear during cHIT were referred for formal vestibular *** included clinical and formal vestibular results,operated ear with regard to audiometric and vestibular results,and postoperative ***:Among all cI candidates,44%(n=28)reported preoperative disequilibrium ***,62%(n=40)of the cHITs were normal,33%(n=21)were abnormal,and 5%(n=3)were *** was one patient who presented with a false positive *** the patients who endorsed disequilibrium,43%had a positive preoperative *** percent of the subjects(n=9)without disequilibrium had an abnormal *** this cohort,bilateral vestibular impairment(71%)was more common than unilateral vestibular impairment(29%).In 3%of the cases(n=2),surgical management was revisited or altered due to cHIT ***:There is a high prevalence of vestibular hypofunction in the cI candidate ***-reported assessments of vestibular function are often not congruent with cHIT *** should consider incorporating cHITs as part of the preoperative physical exam to potentially avoid bilateral vestibular dysfunction in a minority of patients.

关键词： clinical head impulse test cochlear implant vestibular function vestibular loss vestibular testing

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