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Near-Earth bursty bulk flow. and AE index

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2008年第10期51卷 1704-1712页

作者： w.BAUMJOHANN M. w. DUNLOP C. CARR H. Rme Space Research institute Austrian Academy of Sciences Graz Austria Space Sciences Division Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Chilton Didcot UK imperial College London United Kingdom Centre d'Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements Toulouse France

w.th the 4-s resolution data of the magnetometer and the ion plasma analyzer on TC-1 from June to November of each year during the period of 2004―2006, w. statistically analyzed the occurrence rate of both convective and field-aligned bursty flow. (FABFs). A near-Earth bursty bulk flow.(NEBBF) occurred during both the quiet time and substorm process. in general, the magnetic field and the plasma density began oscillating w.th the appearance of the NEBBF associated w.th a distinct increase of the AE index. The increase of AE index during the NEBBF w.s more than 100 nT in both quiet time and substorm process. The statistical analysis indicated that the occurrence rates of the FABFs w.re nearly the same in the dif-ferent stages of the AE index, but the occurrence rate of the NEBBFs w.s much higher in the grow.h stage of the AE index, indicating that the NEBBFs w.re di-rectly related to the grow.h and expansion phases of the substorm. The observa-tions suggested that the quite large number of BBFs from the mid magnetotail could enter into the near-Earth tail and play important role in triggering the sub-storm onset.

关键词： BBF near-Earth AE index substorm onset

A novel method for clustering cellular data to improve classification

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2697-2705页

作者： Diek w.w.eeler Giorgio A.Ascoli Center for Neural informatics Structures&PlasticityKrasnow Institute for Advanced Study Bioengineering Department Volgenau School of Engineering George Mason University FairfaxVAUSA

Many fields,such as neuroscience,are experiencing the vast prolife ration of cellular data,underscoring the need fo r organizing and interpreting large datasets.A popular approach partitions data into manageable subsets via hierarchical clustering,but objective methods to determine the appropriate classification granularity are *** recently introduced a technique to systematically identify w.en to stop subdividing clusters based on the fundamental principle that cells must differ more betw.en than w.thin *** w. present the corresponding protocol to classify cellular datasets by combining datadriven unsupervised hierarchical clustering w.th statistical *** general-purpose functions are applicable to any cellular dataset that can be organized as tw.-dimensional matrices of numerical values,including molecula r,physiological,and anatomical *** demonstrate the protocol using cellular data from the Janelia MouseLight project to chara cterize morphological aspects of neurons.

关键词： cellular data clustering dendrogram data classification Levene's one-tailed statistical test unsupervised hierarchical clustering

Genistein:a possible solution for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2903-2905页

作者： Karolina Pierzynow.ka Bartosz Karaszew.ki Grzegorz w.grzyn Department of Molecular Biology University of GdanskGdanskPoland Gdansk Polandand Department of Adult NeurologyFaculty of MedicineMedical University of GdanskGdanskPoland

Neurodegenerative diseases are defined as disorders resulting from the slow.and progressive loss of function and eventual death of neural cells that result from the primary pathology of nervous *** can lead to severe nervous system dysfunction,eventually affecting multiple organs and *** hundred neurodegenerative diseases have been described,and ow.ng to their prevalence,severity.

关键词： organs Alzheimer death

The Strategy of Escalation and Negotiation: The iran Nuclear Dispute

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2019年第4期28卷 434-448页

作者： Tobias w. Langenegger Keith w. Hipel Department of Management Technology and Economics ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada

The strategic decisions and resulting consequences surrounding the conflict betw.en the United States of America (US) and iran regarding the iranian nuclear program are formally investigated using a flexible decision methodology called the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution (GMCR). This highly controversial dispute caught the w.rld's attention as concerns w.re grow.ng that iran w.uld reach a position w.ere it w.uld be able to build nuclear w.apons, thereby posing a risk to w.rld security. w.ile iran insisted on its rights for the peaceful use of nuclear technology;the international community;led by the US, tried to discourage the nuclear activities of iran to ensure its obligations to the non-proliferation of nuclear w.apons. This led to an escalation of tension on both sides, w.th an extension of the nuclear program by iran and an increase in sanctions by the US, before it w.s possible to arrive at a negotiated agreement. As demonstrated in this paper, a systematic GMCR investigation provides valuable strategic insights into this important conflict. Further, it illustrates w.ys in w.ich the conflict could have evolved, as w.ll as mecha.isms for stopping an escalation like this in the future.

关键词： Negotiation Graph Model for Conflict Resolution iran US nuclear security economic sanctions

Baryon resonance analysis from SAiD

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Chinese Physics C 2009年第12期33卷 1063-1068页

作者： R. A. Arndt w. J. Briscoe M. w. Paris i. i. Strakovsky R. L. w.rkman Center for Nuclear Studies Department of Physics The George Washington University Washington D.C. 20052 USA

w. discuss the analysis of data from πN elastic scattering and single pion photo- and electroproduction. The main focus is a study of low.lying non-strange baryon resonances. Here w. concentrate on some difficulties ... 详细信息

关键词： non-strange baryons N(1440) pion-nucleon elastic scattering pion photo- and electro-production

Glia-to-neuron reprogramming to the rescue?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1395-1396页

作者： Jack w.Hickmott Cindi M.Morshead Department of Surgery University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research TorontoONCanada institute of Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada The KiTE Research institute Toronto Rehabilitation InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada

Over the last tw. decades,the dogma that cell fate is immutable has been increasingly challenged,w.th important implications for regenerative *** brea kth rough discovery that induced pluripotent stem cells could be generated from adult mouse fibroblasts is pow.rful proof that cell fate can be *** exciting extension of the discovery of cell fate impermanence is the direct cellular reprogram ming hypothesis-that terminally differentiated cells can be reprogrammed into other adult cell fates w.thout first passing through a stem cell state.

关键词： programming passing proof

Phenotypic and Genotypic characterization of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase Klebsiella pneumoniae and Fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. Strains from Market Garden Products and Their w.tering w.ter in Benin (w.st Africa)

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2016年第3期7卷 192-204页

作者： w.ssiyath Moussé Pacôme A. Noumavo nicodème w. cha.i Haziz Sina Majoie G. Tohoyessou Théodora A. Ahoyo Lamine Baba-Moussa Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Abomey-Calavi Bénin Département du Génie de Technologie Alimentaire Abomey-Calavi Bénin Département du Génie de Biologie Humaine Abomey-CalaviBénin

Market garden products can carry several types of microorganisms, and their consumption is the source of many cases of food poisoning. This w.rk aimed to improve food safety in Benin. in characterizing strains of K. pneumoniae and fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. at the biochemical and molecular level, the target w.s to identify contaminated w.tering w.ter and garden products sold during Cotonou in both the dry and rainy seasons. A total of 164 samples of market garden products and 22 samples of w.tering w.ter w.re investigated. The results show.d that 5.91% of market garden products and w.tering w.ter w.re contaminated by K. pneumoniae and 20.43% by fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. During the dry season, cabbage w.s most contaminated by fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. (50%). Pool w.ter w.s more contaminated w.th K. pneumoniae (17%). All isolated strains w.re resistant to both amoxicillin and penicillin. All strains of K. pneumoniae and fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. w.re not resistant to imipenem, and 22% of them produced penicillinase. Among the 49 strains producing penicillinase isolated, 64.29% and 21.43% carried blaTEM and blaSHV respectively w.ile 14.28% carried blaCTX-M genes. in light of the previously-developed results and considering the importance of horticultural products in Beninese food habits, w. must improve national aw.reness of the risk for foodborne illness.

关键词： Vegetables Klebsiella pneumoniae Fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. β-Lactamases Food Safety

Evolution of a flexible rule for foraging that copes w.th environmental variation

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Current Zoology 2015年第2期61卷 303-312页

作者： Andrew.D. HiGGiNSON Tim w. FAw.ETT Alasdair i. HOUSTON School of Biological Sciences Life Sciences Building University of Bristol 24 Tyndall Avenue Bristol BS8 1TQ U.K.

Models of adaptive behaviour typically assume that animals behave as though they have highly complex, detailed strategies for making decisions. in reality, selection favours the optimal balance betw.en the costs and benefits of complexity. Here w. investigate this trade-off for an animal that has to decide w.ether or not to forage for food - and so how.much energy reserves to store - depending on the food availability in its environment. w. evolve a decision rule that controls the target reserve level for different ranges of food availability, but w.ere increasing complexity is costly in that metabolic rate increases w.th the sensitivity of the rule. The evolved rule tends to be much less complex than the optimal strategy but performs almost as w.ll, w.ile being less costly to implement. it achieves this by being highly sensitive to changing food availability at low.food abun- dance - w.ere it provides a close fit to the optimal strategy - but insensitive w.en food is plentiful. w.en food availability is high, the target reserve level that evolves is much higher than under the optimal strategy, w.ich has implications for our under- standing of obesity. Our w.rk highlights the important principle of generalisability of simple decision-making mecha.isms, w.ich enables animals to respond reasonably w.ll to conditions not directly experienced by themselves or their ancestors.

关键词： Behavioural mecha.isms Fat storage Fluctuating environments Generalisation Obesity Rule of thumb

Tow.rd understanding Cretaceous climate An updated review

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第1期60卷 5-19页

作者： w.lliam w. HAY Department of Geological Sciences and University Museum University of Colorado at Boulder 2045 Windcliff Dr. Estes Park CO 80517 USA

New.data and ideas are changing our view.of conditions during the *** of the continents w.s low.r than originally thought,eliminating the'cold continental interior paradox'of fossils of plants that could not tolerate freezing occurring in regions indicated by climate models to be w.ll below.freezing in *** controversy over the height of Cretaceous sea levels has been resolved by know.edge of the effects of passage of the subducted slab of the Farallon Plate beneath the North American *** cause of shorter term sea level changes of the order of 30 to 50 meters is not because of grow.h and decay of ice sheets,but more likely the filling and release of w.ter from groundw.ter reservoirs and lakes although there may have been some ice in the Early and latest *** dioxide w.s not the only significant greenhouse gas;methane contributed significantly to the w.rmer *** of very w.rm tropical ocean temperatures(>40℃)have implications for the nature of plant life on land limited by Rubisco *** land surfaces w.re much w.tter than has been thought,w.th meandering rivers and many oxbow.lakes providing habitat for large dinosaurs.A major rethinking of the nature of conditions on a w.rmer Earth is underw.y,and a new.suite of paleoclimate simulations for the Cretaceous is needed.

关键词： Cretaceous Paleogeography Paleotopography Sea level Greenhouse Paleohydrology Paleoclimate