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Physiological strategies of moult-migrating Black-necked Grebes(Podiceps nigricollis)in a polluted staging site according to blood chemistry

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Avian Research 2023年第3期14卷 453-459页

作者： Juan A.Amat nico varo Marta I.Sanchez Andy J.Green Damaso Hornero-Mendez Juan Garrido-Fernandez Cristina Ramo Departamento de Ecología y Evolucion Estacion Biologica de Donana(EBD-CSIC)41092SevillaSpain Independent researcher 41010SevillaSpain Departamento de Biología de la Conservacion y Cambio Global Estacion Biologica de Donana(EBD-CSIC)41092SevillaSpain Departamento de Fitoquímica de Alimentos Instituto de la Grasa(IG-CSIC)41013SevillaSpain

After breeding,Black-necked Grebes(Podiceps nigricollis)perform a moult-migration to autumn hypersaline staging sites,where they moult the flight feathers and forage on superabundant brine shrimp(Artemia spp.)before leaving for wintering areas.During the stay in moulting sites,the grebes experience changes in organs and muscle size(atrophy,hypertrophy),and almost double their body mass,which has been suggested to act as an insurance against a collapse in prey availability in late autumn.During two years we collected blood samples from hundreds of individuals at one of the most important European moulting sites(the Odiel marshes,SW Spain),which is a highly polluted area due to mining drainage and chemical industry.We assessed the potential effect of moulting stage,day of the year and body condition on 16 blood biochemical parameters.Because of the changes in prey availability and body composition of grebes,we expected some physiological adjustments during moult.Elevated levels of cholesterol suggested that birds in active moult increased foraging effort to face the costs of moulting.There was increased amount of lactate dehydrogenase,corresponding to periods of breast muscle atrophy.Birds in active moult augmented protein ingestion,likely to account for the requirements of feather growth.We also show that the probability of fasting due to low prey availability increased late in the moulting season,as demonstrated by an increase in plasmaβ-hydroxy-butyrate.

关键词： Blood biochemistry Eared grebe Fasting Feather replacement Odiel marshes Waterbird

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Stress granules: friend or foe in neurodegenerative disorders?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 403-404页

作者： Shanshan Xu nico P.Dantuma Department of Cell and Molecular Biology(CMB) Karolinska InstitutetSolnavägen 9S-17165 StockholmSweden

Neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,despite the diversity in clinical symptoms,share a striking feature at the cellular level:the accumulation of insoluble aggregates of misfolded proteins that are sequestered in intraneuronal inclusion bodies.Besides mutations in disease-associated proteins that render them aggregation-prone,the decline of protein homeostasis(i.***.proteostasis)with aging is also believed to be a contributing factor to the accumulation of protein aggregates.

关键词： degenerative homeostasis clinical

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Coordinating environmental protection and agricultural development: a village-based case study for promoting green transformation

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 100-112页

作者： Kemo JIN nico HEERINK William JDAVIES Jianbo SHEN Yifeitong ZHANG Yong HOU Yaqiao ZHAO Zhengxiong ZHAO Fusuo ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Social Sciences Wageningen University and Research6700 AA Wageningenthe Netherlands Lancaster Environment Centre University of LancasterLancasterLA14YQUK College of Agricultural and environmental science University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA College of Economics and Management Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China College of Resources and Environment Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China

Balancing ecological preservation with sustainable agricultural practices is a global issue. Erhai Lake has felt this challenge keenly. To address it, in 2022, a Science and Technology Backyards(STBs) project was launched in Gusheng Village. The goal of this is to care for the environment while ensuring that farms and farmers can thrive sustainably. The uniqueness of the Erhai STB arises from its interdisciplinary integration, encompassing fields such as ecology, agronomy and social science, resulting in specifically-designed solutions for the Erhai context. While this model aligns with broader STB paradigms, its distinctive edge lies in technological innovation and robust support mechanisms for local agricultural stakeholders. This paper describes the methodology and outcomes of the STB initiative, highlighting its pivotal role in spearheading sustainable transition in Erhai. Preliminary findings underscore the potential of the STB model as an efficacious tool for harmonizing environmental conservation and agricultural practices, that are both financially and environmentally sustainable, rendering it a potential model for comparable regions in China and other counties.

关键词： Agriculture green development Science and Technology Backyards Erhai environmental protection smallholders

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Multisensory mechanisms of gait and balance in Parkinson’s disease:an integrative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 82-92页

作者： Stiven Roytman Rebecca Paalanen Giulia Carli Uros Marusic Prabesh Kanel Teus van Laar nico I.Bohnen Department of Radiology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Neurology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Morris K.Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson’s Disease Research University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Institute for Kinesiology Research Science and Research Centre KoperKoperSlovenia Department of Health Sciences Alma Mater Europaea–ECMMariborSlovenia Parkinson’s Foundation Research Center of Excellence University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Neurology University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands Neurology Service and GRECC VA Ann Arbor Healthcare SystemAnn ArborMIUSA

Understanding the neural underpinning of human gait and balance is one of the most pertinent challenges for 21st-century translational neuroscience due to the profound impact that falls and mobility disturbances have on our aging population.Posture and gait control does not happen automatically,as previously believed,but rather requires continuous involvement of central nervous mechanisms.To effectively exert control over the body,the brain must integrate multiple streams of sensory information,including visual,vestibular,and somatosensory signals.The mechanisms which underpin the integration of these multisensory signals are the principal topic of the present work.Existing multisensory integration theories focus on how failure of cognitive processes thought to be involved in multisensory integration leads to falls in older adults.Insufficient emphasis,however,has been placed on specific contributions of individual sensory modalities to multisensory integration processes and cross-modal interactions that occur between the sensory modalities in relation to gait and balance.In the present work,we review the contributions of somatosensory,visual,and vestibular modalities,along with their multisensory intersections to gait and balance in older adults and patients with Parkinson’s disease.We also review evidence of vestibular contributions to multisensory temporal binding windows,previously shown to be highly pertinent to fall risk in older adults.Lastly,we relate multisensory vestibular mechanisms to potential neural substrates,both at the level of neurobiology(concerning positron emission tomography imaging)and at the level of electrophysiology(concerning electroencephalography).We hope that this integrative review,drawing influence across multiple subdisciplines of neuroscience,paves the way for novel research directions and therapeutic neuromodulatory approaches,to improve the lives of older adults and patients with neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： aging balance encephalography functional magnetic resonance imaging gait multisensory integration Parkinson’s disease positron emission tomography somatosensory vestibular visual

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Cosmetic or Dietary Vegetable Oils Sampled in the Cameroonian Market May Not Expose Consumers to Lipid Oxidation Products Generating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 193-202页

作者： Ferdinand Kouoh Elombo Erika Van Damme Clara Delepine David Depraetere Ludovic Chaveriat Paul Lunga Keilah nico Fréderic Njayou Patrick Martin Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Yaound&#233 I Yaound&#233 Cameroon Dé partement de Chimie IUT B&#233thune Universit&#233 d&#8217Artois B&#233thune France Unité Transformations & Agroressources (ULR7519) Universit&#232 d&#8217Artois-UniLaSalle Bethune France

Vegetable oils are a source of energy, essential fatty acids, antioxidants and fat-soluble vitamins useful for human health care and development. These oils also contribute to organoleptic quality of their products’ derivatives. However, their chemical and physical properties can be modified by the mode of their extraction, storage and distribution. These modifications might negatively affect the nutritional quality of the oils. The goals of this study were to: sample different vegetable oils for cosmetic or dietary use marketed in Cameroon, and verify purity and oxidation states of each kind of oil through determination of its acidity, iodine, peroxide, saponification, refractive indexes and the conformity of the labeling. The carotene content, the level of polar components and specific absorbance were also determined. As the result, six oils namely palm, palm kernel, coconut, black cumin, peanut and shea butter were collected. Apart from labeling, chemicals and physicals parameters analyzed were generally in accordance with the Cameroonian and Codex Alimentarius standard. This study suggests that vegetable oils sampled in the Cameroonian market may not expose consumers to lipid oxidation products generating pathological oxidative stress and inflammation. However, efforts in application of existing standard need to be done as far as labeling are concerned.

关键词： Vegetable Oils Quality Control Labeling Compliance Lipid Oxidation Oxidative Pathology

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The shape that matters:how important is biodiversity for ecosystem functioning?

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2022年第3期65卷 651-653页

作者： nico Eisenhauer German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Puschstr.404103 LeipzigGermany Institute of Biology Leipzig UniversityPuschstr.404103 LeipzigGermany

How important is biodiversity for the functioning of ecosystems?This central question in ecology has been addressed in hundreds of studies over the last three decades.While there is broad consensus regarding the significant role of biodiversity in ecosystems,current research explores how much biodiversity is needed to maximize ecosystem functioning and which biodiversity facets are the most critical ones(Eisenhauer et al.,2019).

关键词： biodiversity ecosystems hundreds

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一城书香往事探访重庆最美阅读空间

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城市地理 2024年第7期 74-77页

作者：朱燕妮左小朵(图) Samsun(图) nico(图) 无不详豆瓣

北宋哲学家程颐曾谈道:“外物之味,久则可厌;读书之味,愈久愈深。”古往今来,读万卷书,行万里路,是国人永恒的追求。在山水之城重庆,不仅可以在书籍中感受当地的人文风情,还可切身体会阅读空间变迁带来的文化魅力。时代浪潮里的设计美... 详细信息

北宋哲学家程颐曾谈道:“外物之味,久则可厌;读书之味,愈久愈深。”古往今来,读万卷书,行万里路,是国人永恒的追求。在山水之城重庆,不仅可以在书籍中感受当地的人文风情,还可切身体会阅读空间变迁带来的文化魅力。时代浪潮里的设计美学紅岩在抗日战争时期,重庆作为战时首都,风起云涌,大量出版社、杂志社出现在此处。当时,受中西结合的文化大潮影响,艺术界掀起了向西方学习的新美术运动。

关键词：战时首都抗日战争时期新美术运动人文风情阅读空间中西结合文化魅力设计美学

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SARS-CoV-2 infection and the brain:direct evidence for brain changes in milder cases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第8期7卷 2641-2643页

作者： nico Sollmann Ambros J.Beer Frank Kirchhoff Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Ulm University Medical CenterUlmGermany Department of Nuclear Medicine Ulm University Medical CenterUlmGermany Institute of Molecular Virology Ulm University Medical CenterUlmGermany

Dear Editor,A recent study published in Nature by Douaud and colleagues1 shows that SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with longitudinal effects,particularly on brain structures linked to the olfactory cortex,modestly accelerated reduction in global brain volume,and enhanced cognitive decline.Thus,even mild COVID-19 can be associated with long-lasting deleterious effects on brain structure and function.

关键词： infection cortex cases

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THE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY BACKYARD AS A LOCAL LEVEL INNOVATION INTERMEDIARY IN RURAL CHINA

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第4期9卷 558-576页

作者： Jinghan LI Cees LEEUWIS nico HEERINK Weifeng ZHANG Knowledge Technology and Innovation GroupWageningen University&ResearchWageningen 6706KNthe Netherlands Development Economics Group Wageningen University&ResearchWageningen 6706KNthe Netherlands College of Resources and Environmental Science China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Resources and Environment Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China

Agricultural innovation can be described as a coevolutionary process of technological innovation,symbolic change,and social or institutional innovation,which relies on the interactions and collaboration between multiple stakeholders.This view emphasizes the significance of innovation intermediaries in supporting the coevolution process of innovation.Many studies have provided evidence on how innovation intermediaries play roles in supporting the coevolution innovation process at a broader innovation system level.However,little emphasis has been given to the role of innovation intermediaries in supporting the coevolution process of innovation at the community level in rural China.To address this research gap,this paper offers a case study of a novel type of innovation support intervention designed to promote technical change at the community level,the Science and Technology Backyard(STB).The paper focuses on the efforts of a specific STB in Wangzhuang village to promote innovation in tillage methods in wheat production.The aims was to examine the role of this newly emerging innovation support intervention in supporting the coevolution process of innovation at the community level,and compare the outcome of the coevolution process in the village with an STB to that in villages without an STB.Innovation journey analysis is applied to understand the evolved intermediation roles in the innovation process,and multivariate regression analysis is employed to assess the outcome of the coevolution process in villages with and without an STB.The findings suggest that the roles of STBs have evolved from knowledge brokers to systemic innovation intermediaries that facilitate the coevolution process of innovation inside an STB village.It has led to a higher adoption rate of improved technology,a better enabling environment for learning,and more effective institutional support in STB villages than in non-STB villages.However,the effect of support provided by a single STB on the coevolution process outside the community was limit

关键词： agricultural innovation coevolution community level innovation intermediaries Science and Technology Backyards(STBs)

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Immunomolecular response of CD4^(+),CD8^(+),TNF-α and IFN-γ in Myxobolus-infected koi(Cyprinus carpio)treated with probiotics

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2023年第5期8卷 514-527页

作者： Uun Yanuhar nico Rahman Caesar Nur Sakinah Junirahma Rachmat Noer Soelistyoadi Department of Aquatic Resources Management Faculty of Fisheries and Marine SciencesBrawijaya UniversityJalan VeteranMalangEast Java65145Indonesia Doctoral Program of Environment Science Post Graduate ProgramBrawijaya UniversityJalan VeteranMalangEast Java65145Indonesia Fish Quarantine Center for Quality Control and Safety of Fishery Products Surabaya I Ministry of Marine Affairs and FisheriesSurabayaEast Java60115Indonesia

A poor environment increases fish’s susceptibility to myxosporean infection that can cause the death of larval fish,especially for koi fish(Cyprinus carpio).This study aimed to determine the effect of probiotics,local anti-parasitic drugs(kutuklin),and the chemical compound diflubenzuron treatments on the koi immune response.This study used PCR with specific primer 18S SSU rDNA and DNA sequencing to detect Myxobulus phylogenetic.The treatments were divided into 5 groups:Treatment(A)(healthy koi without treatment),(B)(infected koi without treatment),(C)(infected koi with 0.55 mL/30 L probiotics),(D)(infected koi with 1μL/g of feed kutuklin),and(E)(infected koi with 0.02 mg/5 L dimilin).Myxospore has observed with Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM)and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole(DAPI)fluorescence staining.The histological analysis using semi-quantitative scoring methods,and flow cytometry was conducted to analyse the immune response of Cluster of differentiation 4(CD4^(+)),Cluster of differentiation 8(CD8^(+)),Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha(TNF-α),Interferon gamma(IFN-γ)cells in the gills.Results show that the histological analysis indicated edema,hyperplasia,lamella fusion,congestion,and hypertrophy lesions in infected koi.Treatment with probiotics shows the lowest damage(30.6%).The immune responses of CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)cells to dimilin treatment were 10.54%and 16.86%,respectively.The largest TNF-αand IFN-γresponse were for the kutuklin treatment(29.26%)and probiotics treatment(8.23%).

关键词： Cyprinus carpio Flowcytometry Immune responses Myxobolus koi Probiotic

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