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Treatment options for localised renal cell carcinoma of the transplanted kidney

World Journal of Transplantation 2020年第6期10卷 147-161页

作者： Gloria motta mariano Ferraresso Luca Lamperti Dhanai Di Paolo nicholas Raison marta Perego Evaldo Favi Urology IRCCS Policlinico San DonatoSan Donato Milanese 27288Italy Renal Transplantation Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilan 20122Italy Department of Clinical Sciences and Community health University of MilanMilan 20122Italy mRC Centre for Transplantation King’s College LondonLondon WC2R 2LSUnited Kingdom

Currently,there is no consensus among the transplant community about the treatment of renal cell carcinoma(RCC)of the transplanted *** recently,graftectomy was universally considered the golden standard,regardless of the characteristics of the *** to the encouraging results observed in native kidneys,conservative options such as nephron-sparing surgery(NSS)(enucleation and partial nephrectomy)and ablative therapy(radiofrequency ablation,cryoablation,microwave ablation,high-intensity focused ultrasound,and irreversible electroporation)have been progressively used in carefully selected recipients with early-stage allograft *** reports show excellent patient survival,optimal oncological outcome,and preserved renal function with acceptable complication ***,the rarity and the heterogeneity of the disease,the number of options available,and the lack of long-term follow-up data do not allow to adequately define treatment-specific advantages and *** role of active surveillance and immunosuppression management remain also *** order to offer a better insight into this difficult topic and to help clinicians choose the best therapy for their patients,we performed and extensive review of the *** focused on epidemiology,clinical presentation,diagnostic work up,staging strategies,tumour characteristics,treatment modalities,and follow-up *** research confirms that both NSS and focal ablation represent a valuable alternative to graftectomy for kidney transplant recipients with American Joint Committee on Cancer stage T1aN0m0 *** on T1bN0m0 lesions are scarce but suggest extra *** designed multi-centre prospective clinical trials are warranted.

关键词： Renal cell carcinoma Kidney transplant Graftectomy Nephron-sparing surgery Focal ablation Review

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methods for extracellular vesicle isolation from cancer cells

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2020年第3期3卷 371-384页

作者： Israa Salem Nicole m.Naranjo Amrita Singh Rachel DeRita Shiv Ram Krishn Luca S.Sirman Fabio Quaglia Alexander Duffy nicholas Bowler Aejaz Sayeed Lucia R.Languino Department of Cancer Biology Sidney Kimmel Cancer CenterThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19107USA. Astellas Institute for Regenerative medicine MarlboroughMA 01752USA. School of Veterinary medicine University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA. Baruch S.Blumberg Institute DoylestownPA 18902USA.

Cells are known to release different types of vesicles such as small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)and large extracellular vesicles(LEVs).sEVs and LEVs play important roles in intercellular communication,pre-metastatic niche formation,and disease progression;both can be detected cell culture media and biological *** and LEVs contain a variety of protein and RNA cargo,and they are believed to impact many biological functions of the recipient cells upon their internalization or binding to cell surface *** has recently been established that standard isolation techniques,such as differential ultracentrifugation,yield a mixed population of ***,density gradient ultracentrifugation has been reported to allow the isolation of sEVs without cellular ***,we describe the most common methods used to isolate sEVs from cell culture medium,mouse and human plasma,and a new technique for isolating sEVs from tissues as *** article also provides detailed procedures to isolate LEVs.

关键词： Extracellular vesicles differential ultracentrifugation iodixanol density gradient cell culture medium plasma tissue

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蛛网膜下腔阻滞局麻药物的吸收和排除

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国际麻醉学与复苏杂志 1984年第6期05卷 262-267页

作者： nicholas m Greene 曾邦雄

脊麻的药代学包括三方面:即脑脊液（CSF）中局麻药的分布;蛛网膜下腔组织对局麻药的吸收;局麻药从蛛网膜下腔排除。本文着重讨论局麻药的吸收和排泄,并讨论临床麻醉近代的主要概念和原则。吸收椎管内组织对局麻药的吸收取决于脑脊液中... 详细信息

脊麻的药代学包括三方面:即脑脊液（CSF）中局麻药的分布;蛛网膜下腔组织对局麻药的吸收;局麻药从蛛网膜下腔排除。本文着重讨论局麻药的吸收和排泄,并讨论临床麻醉近代的主要概念和原则。吸收椎管内组织对局麻药的吸收取决于脑脊液中局麻药的分布。经 L3～L4注射的局麻药扩散到 T6,其吸收的范围仅限于尾椎至T6硬膜以内的组织,局麻药浓度最高的部位,吸收量最多。注射部位局麻药浓度的高

关键词：局麻药脑脊液局部麻醉药脊麻肾上腺素肾上腺能α-受体兴奋药利多卡因硬膜外麻醉蛛网膜下腔

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Thermal management of Vehicle Cabins,External Surfaces,and Onboard Electronics:An Overview

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Engineering 2019年第5期5卷 954-969页

作者： Garrett J.marshall Colin P.mahony matthew J.Rhodes Steve R.Daniewicz nicholas Tsolas Scott m.Thompson Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMS 39762USA Department of mechanical Engineering The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA Department of mechanical Engineering Auburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA

Reducing heat accumulation within vehicles and ensuring appropriate vehicular temperature levels can lead to enhanced vehicle fuel economy,range,reliability,longevity,passenger comfort,and *** in vehicle thermal management remain key as new technologies,consumer demand,societal concerns,and government regulations emerge and *** study summarizes several recent advances in vehicle thermal management technology and modeling,with a focus on three key areas:the cabin,electronics,and exterior components of ***-related topics covered include methods for reducing thermal loads and improving heating,ventilation,and air-conditioning(hVAC)systems;and advancements in window glazing/tinting and vehicle surface *** the thermal management of electronics,including batteries and insulated-gate bipolar transistors(IGBTs),active and passive cooling methods that employ heat pipes,heat sinks,jet impingement,forced convection,and phase-change materials are ***,efforts to model and enhance the heat transfer of exterior vehicular components are reviewed while considering drag/friction forces and environmental *** advances in the field of vehicle thermal management,challenges still exist;this article provides a broad summary of the major issues,with recommendations for further study.

关键词： Vehicle design Automotive engineering Electronics packaging heat pipes Climate control heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning Battery cooling Thermal soak

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Predictors of double balloon endoscopy outcomes in the evaluation of gastrointestinal bleeding

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2014年第6期6卷 248-253页

作者： hisham hussan nicholas R Crews Caroline m Geremakis Soubhi Bahna Jennifer L LaBundy Christine hachem Section of Intestinal Neoplasia and hereditary Polyposis(INhP) Department of GastroenterologyHepatology and NutritionThe Ohio State University Medical Center Division of Gastroenterology and hepatology Saint Louis University School of Medicine School of medicine Saint Louis University School of Medicine Center for Outcomes Research Saint Louis University Department of Internal medicine Saint Louis University School of Medicine

AIm:To identify patients' characteristics associated with double balloon endoscopy(DBE)outcomes in investigation of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding(OGIB).mEThODS:Retrospective study performed at an academic tertiary referral *** endpoints were clinical factors associated with no diagnostic yield or non-therapeutic intervention of DBE performed for OGIB ***:We included fifty-five DBE between August 2010 and April *** mean age of the sample was 67 with 32 males(58.2%).Twenty-four DBE had no diagnostic yield and 30 DBE did not require ***-diagnostic yield was associated with performing two or more DBE studies in one day [odds ratio(OR):13.72,P=0.008],absence of blood transfusions within a year of the DBE(OR:7.16,P=0.03)and absence of ulcers or arteriovenous malformations(AVms)on prior esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD)or colonoscopy(OR:19.30,P=0.033).Non-therapeutic DBE was associated with performing two or more DBE per day(OR:18.579,P=0.007),gastrointestinal bleeding episode within a week of the DBE(OR:11.48,P=0.003),fewer blood transfusion requirements prior to DBE(OR:4.55,P=0.036)and absence of ulcers or AVms on prior EGD or colonoscopy(OR:8.47,P=0.027).CONCLUSION:Predictors of DBE yield and therapeutic intervention on DBE include blood transfusion requirements,previous endoscopic findings and possibly endoscopist fatigue.

关键词： Double balloon endoscopy Enteroscopy Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding Small bowel Anemia Arteriovenous malformations Arteriovenous malformations

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Spectrum of congenital heart diseases in an African population: A necropsy study

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2013年第1期3卷 34-39页

作者： mO Thomas Olugbenga Olusoji nicholas Awolola Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit Department of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology Lagos University Teaching Hospital/College of Medicine of University of Lagos Idi-araba Lagos Nigeria

Background: The spectrum and incidence of congenital heart diseases amongst African population are not well defined in literature. There is the need to further elucidate the spectrum and epidemiology of congenital heart diseases amongst African. Aim: This study was conducted to highlight the spectrum and occurrence of congenital heart diseases in an African population. methodology: All paediatric patients who were autopsied over a 98-month period were checked for occurrence of congenital heart diseases. Attempts were made to ascertain the primary disease and causes of death. We noted their bio-data, ages, sexes and causes of death. The results were analysed with SPSS version 17. The results formed the basis for discussion and recommendations. Results: There were 135 cardiac related deaths and 36 of them were in paediatric age brackets. The mean age was 4.7 + 1.08 months with a standard deviation of 6.27. m:F ratio was 1:1.1. The commonest anomaly was ventricular septal defect. There was a weak association with other congenital anomalies. The commonest cause of death was bronchopneumonia. Discussion and Recommendation: The disease pattern showed reasonable similarity with reports from other parts of the world. however, there is need for development of capacity for prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart diseases in Africa. This will widen the net of diagnosis and improve accuracy of incidence studies in Africa.

关键词： Congenital heart Diseases Necropsy

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Biomimetic mineralized hybrid scaffolds with antimicrobial peptides

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Bioactive materials 2021年第8期6卷 2250-2260页

作者： Zhou Ye Xiao Zhu Isha mutreja Sunil Kumar Bod nicholas G.Fischer Anqi Zhang Christine Lui Yipin Qi Conrado Aparicio The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology&Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine ministry of Education School of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics Department of Restorative SciencesSchool of DentistryUniversity of MinnesotaMN55455USA Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics Guanghua School of StomatologyHospital of StomatologyGuangdong Key Laboratory of StomatologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510000China

Infection in hard tissue regeneration is a clinically-relevant *** of scaffolds with dual function for promoting bone/dental tissue growth and preventing bacterial infections is a critical need in the *** we fabricated hybrid scaffolds by intrafibrillar-mineralization of collagen using a biomimetic process and subsequently coating the scaffold with an antimicrobial designer peptide with cationic and amphipathic *** highly hydrophilic mineralized collagen scaffolds provided an ideal substrate to form a dense and stable coating of the antimicrobial *** amount of hydroxyapatite in the mineralized fibers modulated the rheological behavior of the scaffolds with no influence on the amount of recruited peptides and the resulting increase in *** developed scaffolds were potent by contact killing of Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Streptococcus gordonii as well as cytocompatible to human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal *** process of scaffold fabrication is versatile and can be used to control mineral load and/or intrafibrillar-mineralized scaffolds made of other biopolymers.

关键词： Biomimetic mineralization Antimicrobial Cationic and amphipathic peptides hard tissue cytocompatibility

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Innovations in Value-Addition of Agricultural By-Products in Uganda

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2019年第11期10卷 1493-1506页

作者： Denis Nsubuga Noble Banadda nicholas Kiggundu Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Makerere University Kampala Uganda Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering 1340 Elings Hall Ames Iowa USA

The purpose of this review was to profile the existing innovations in the value addition of agricultural by-products and suggest innovations that could yield more value-added products from the available agricultural by-products in Uganda. These by-products were from crops, livestock, fish and forestry sub-sectors. The review indicated 7.8 million tons from the crops’ subsector, 6.69 million skins and hides, 2280 million tons of cow dung and 390,550 tons of chicken dung from the livestock subsector, 36,000 tons from the fish subsector and 440,000 m3 of sawdust and offcuts from the forestry sub-sector. Current innovations in value-addition of agricultural by-products included the making of briquettes, organic fertilizers, biogas, biochar, pellets and organic pesticides from the crop subsector. Cow dung from the livestock is used for plastering walls of houses, used as fertilizer and used for the production of biogas. Chicken droppings are as well used as fertilizer and for production of biogas. Fish frames and skins are mainly consumed in smoked form whereas trimmings are usually rolled into fish balls and then fried for people to eat while the fats are used for frying the fish balls. Sawdust has been mixed with cement to make wood-cement composite bricks that reduce the overall weight of the building. It is also being used as feed in the Indigenous micro-Organisms (ImO) technology in the production of pigs. Proposed innovations include the use of bones to produce soft tissue, buttons, knife handles and bone meal. Blood can be used in making adhesives and fertilizers while fish oil is a major dietary source of long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and so can be utilized to enrich different food products.

关键词： Value Addition Agricultural Waste By-Products Innovations in Agriculture Agricultural Value Chains

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胸腹主动脉瘤：杂交修复术结果

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中国普通外科杂志 2015年第6期24卷 775-780页

作者： Gchad hughes nicholas D Andersen Jennifer m hanna Richard L mcCann 老启芳美国北加利福尼亚杜伦杜克大学医学中心外科学系心胸外科学组美国北加利福尼亚杜伦杜克大学医学中心外科学系血管外科学组不详

目的:胸腹主动脉瘤(TAAA)的治疗依然是外科中最富挑战性的工作,特别是存在退行性变动脉瘤的老年患者同时患肺疾病更是如此。这篇更新后的单中心报道是关于我们对高危TAAA患者采用完全内脏动脉去分支化结合动脉瘤腔内隔绝的杂交修复术经... 详细信息

目的:胸腹主动脉瘤(TAAA)的治疗依然是外科中最富挑战性的工作,特别是存在退行性变动脉瘤的老年患者同时患肺疾病更是如此。这篇更新后的单中心报道是关于我们对高危TAAA患者采用完全内脏动脉去分支化结合动脉瘤腔内隔绝的杂交修复术经验。方法:从2005年3月—2012年6月间58名患者在单中心接受解剖外内脏血管去分支化及随后的动脉瘤腔内隔绝术。内脏旁路的中位数为4支,最初的33例采用同期手术方式,而最近的25例采用分期手术。结果:患者中位年龄为69.0岁,50%为女性,所有患者存在严重合并症而不适合传统开放修复术。平均主动脉直径(6.7±1.2)cm,30 d/住院病死率、脑卒中率、永久性轻瘫/截瘫率分别为9%、0%以及4%。最近25例分期手术患者的这三种并发症率分别为4%、0%以及0%。平均随访时间(26±21)个月,内脏人工血管通畅率95.3%,所有闭塞的内脏人工血管均为肾动脉,无1例引起永久性截瘫,2例患者需再干预,1例出现Ib型内漏,1例出现III型内漏,5年免于再干预率为94%,Kaplan-meier总体生存率为1年78%、5年62%,5年主动脉相关生存率为87%。结论:这些更新后的结果 ,继续支撑着这一观点:运用完全内脏动脉去分支联合动脉瘤腔内隔绝的杂交技术治疗高龄且不适合传统开放手术的高危TAAA患者是一种理想的选择,而采取分期手术的方式能取得更佳的结果。

关键词：主动脉,胸主动脉,腹动脉瘤修复,腔内预后

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Real-Time Air monitoring of Trichloroethylene and Tetrachloroethylene Using mobile TAGA mass Spectrometry

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第8期4卷 99-105页

作者： nicholas S. Karellas Qingfeng Chen Air Quality monitoring Unit Air Monitoring and Transboundary Air Sciences Section Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Branch Ontario Ministry of the Environment Toronto Canada.

Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a chlorinated liquid that is commonly used for metal degreasing, household and industrial dry cleaning, and in paints and glues. Tetrachloroethylene, also known as perchloroethylene (PCE), is an excellent solvent for organic materials. PCE is volatile, highly stable, non-flammable and widely used in dry cleaning. A new method has been developed for measuring TCE and PCE in ambient air in real-time. Based upon the chemical fingerprinting and concentration levels, the method was able to isolate the source of the emissions to the responsible facility. Real-time monitoring was accomplished by utilizing a low pressure chemical ionization source (LPCI) interfaced to a tandem mass spectrometer (TAGA). monitoring the response of specific parent/daughter ion pairs, the TAGA was used to measure concentrations of TCE and PCE. By optimizing various TAGA parameters, detection limits (DL) as low as 0.5 μg/m3 was achieved for TCE and PCE. Unlike methods using cartridge sampling and GC/mS analysis, this new method provides a real time measurement for a wide range of TCE and PCE concentrations. This unique method was applied in 2000 and 2002 to measure TCE emitted from a manufacturer of stainless steel tubing in Eastern Ontario. The maximum half-hour average concentration of TCE measured downwind of the facility was 1300 μg/m3 and the maximum instantaneous level was measured at 115,000 μg/m3. The information collected by the TAGA unit was used by the Standard Development Branch of Ontario ministry of the Environment to adopt the half-hour Point of Impingement (POI) standard of TCE to be 36 μg/m3 in 2010. This method successfully identified and simultaneously measured TCE and PCE during a 2011 air monitoring survey of a hazardous waste disposal and treatment facility in Southern Ontario.

关键词： Environmental Real-Time monitoring mobile TAGA TCE and PCE Ambient Air

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