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An in situ monitoring campaign of a hard rock pillar at great depth within a Canadian mine

journal of rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2020年第3期12卷 427-448页

作者： Bradley Forbes nicholas Vlachopoulos Mark S.Diederichs Andrew j.Hyett Allan Punkkinen Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioK7L 3N6Canada Department of Civil Engineering Royal Military College of CanadaKingstonOntarioK7K 7B4Canada YieldPoint Inc. KingstonOntarioK7M 4W9Canada Normet Canada Ltd. LivelyOntarioP3Y 0B3Canada

A recent research campaign at a Canadian nickel-copper mine involved instrumenting a hard rock sill drift pillar with an array of multi-point rod extensometers,distributed optical fibre strain sensors,and borehole pressure cells(BHPCs).The instrumentation spanned across a 15.24 m lengthwise segment of the relatively massive granitic pillar situated at a depth of 2.44 km within the *** May 2016 and March 2017,the pillar’s displacement and pressure response were measured and correlated with mining activities on the same level as the pillar,including:(1)mine-by of the pillar,(2)footwall drift development,and(3)ore body stoping *** displacements of the pillar,the extensometers provided high temporal resolution(logged hourly)and the optical fibre strain sensors provide high spatial resolution(measured every 0.65 mm along the length of each sensor).The combination of sensing techniques allowed centimetre-scale rock mass bulking near the pillar sidewalls to be distinguished from microstrain-scale fracturing towards the core of the ***,the influence and extent of a mine-scale schistose shear zone transecting the pillar was *** converting measured rock mass displacement to velocity,a process was demonstrated which allowed mining activities inducing displacements to be categorised by time-duration and cumulative *** over half of the analysed mining activities,displacements were determined to prolong for over an hour,predominately resulting in submillimetre cumulative displacements,but in some cases multi-centimetre cumulative displacements were *** time-dependent behaviour was more pronounced within the vicinity of the plumb shear *** measurements were also used to assess selected support member load and elongation mobilisation per mining *** was found that a combined static load and elongation capacity of reinforcing members was essential to maintaining excavation stability,while

关键词： Hard rock pillar rockburst rock mass bulking Distributed optical fibre strain sensing Extensometer In situ monitoring High stress Dynamic support

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Synergistic and non-specific nucleic acid production by T7 rNA polymerase and Bsu DNA polymerase catalyzed by single-stranded polynucleotides

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2018年第2期3卷 130-134页

作者： nicholas j.Emery Sagardip Majumder Allen P.Liu Department of Mechanical Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUnited States Cellular and Molecular Biology Program University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUnited States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUnited States Biophysics Program University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUnited States Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMAUnited States.

Point-of-care molecular diagnostic tests show great promise for providing accurate,timely results in lowinfrastructure healthcare settings and at *** design space for these tests is limited by a variety of possible background reactions,which often originate from relatively weak promiscuous activities of the enzymes used for nucleic acid *** this background signal is amplified alongside the signal of the intended biomarker,the dynamic range of the test can be severely ***,a detailed knowledge of potential side reactions arising from enzyme promiscuity can improve rational design of point-of-care molecular diagnostic *** this end,we report a previously unknown synergistic reaction between T7 rNA polymerase and Bsu DNA polymerase that produces nucleic acid in the presence of single-stranded DNA or *** reaction occurs in the absence of any previously reported substrates for either polymerases and compromises a theoretical microrNA amplification scheme utilizing these polymerases.

关键词： catalyzed utilizing rational

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risk of bias and reporting practices in studies comparing VO2max responses to sprint interval *** training:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第5期11卷 552-566页

作者： jacob T.Bonafiglia Hashim Islam nicholas Preobrazenski Brendon j.Gurd School of Kinesiology and Health Studies Queen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioK7L 3N6Canada

Background:It remains unclear whether studies comparing _(max)imal oxygen uptake(VO_(2max))response to sprint interval training(SIT)***-intensity continuous training(MICT)are associated with a high risk of bias and poor reporting *** purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of bias and quality of reporting in studies comparing changes in VO_(2max) between SIT and ***:We conducted a comprehensive literature search of 4 major databases:AMED,CINAHL,EMBASE,and *** were excluded if participants were not healthy adult humans or if training protocols were unsupervised,lasted less than 2 weeks,or utilized mixed exercise *** used the Cochrane Collaboration tool and the CONSOrT checklist for non-pharmacological trials to evaluate the risk of bias and reporting quality,***:Twenty-eight studies with 30 comparisons(3 studies included 2 SIT groups)were included in our meta-analysis(n=360 SIT participants:body mass index(BMI)=25.9±3.7 kg/m^(2),baseline VO_(2max)=37.9±8.0 mL/kg/min;n=359 MICT participants:BMI=25.5±3.8 kg/m^(2),baseline VO_(2max)=38.3±8.0 mL/kg/min;all mean±SD).All studies had an unclear risk of bias and poor reporting ***:Although we observed a lack of superiority between SIT and MICT for improving VO_(2max)(weighted Hedge’s g=0.004,95%con-fidence interval(95%CI):-0.08 to 0.07),the overall unclear risk of bias calls the validity of this conclusion into *** studies using robust study designs are needed to interrogate the possibility that SIT and MICT result in similar changes in VO_(2max).

关键词： Bias Cardiorespiratory fitness CONSOrT Moderate-intensity continuous training Sprint interval training

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Fatal Overdoses Involving Carfentanil:A Case Series

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journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2019年第3期5卷 147-150页

作者： nicholas j.Corsi Ljubisa j.Dragovic Wayne State University School of Medicine 540 E Canfield StDetroitMichiganUSA Department of Public Services Oakland County Medical Examiners’OfficeOakland CountyPontiacMichiganUSA

Carfentanil,an ultrapotent analog of fentanyl,has invaded the street drug market,unbeknownst to many heroin *** 10,000 times more potent than morphine,it was initially suspected that 20μg of the substance was *** this case series,we present 17 confirmed carfentanil overdoses in Michigan,with a primary focus on the concentration *** a retrospective review,each public death reported in Oakland County,Michigan,with a subsequent toxicology report was investigated for suspected carfentanil *** characterize each fatality,the autopsy results were collected,including the postmortem findings at scene and the decedent’s medical and social *** levels were measured through liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS-MS)by National Medical Services(NMS)*** case series found postmortem carfentanil concentrations as low as 10 ng/mL,with a mean concentration of 0.387 ng/***,there are implications on law enforcement,first responders,and health care providers when dealing with this emerging illicit substance,and there is an alarmingly high mortality rate associated with the abuse of carfentanil.

关键词： Autopsy carfentanil death epidemic fentanyl heroin investigation Michigan opioid overdose polysubstance

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Forecasting of in situ electron energy loss spectroscopy

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 2400-2408页

作者： nicholas r.Lewis Yicheng jin Xiuyu Tang Vidit Shah Christina Doty Bethany E.Matthews Sarah Akers Steven r.Spurgeon Department of Chemical Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA National Security Directorate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA99352USA Energy and Environment Directorate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA99352USA Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

Forecasting models are a central part of many control systems,where high-consequence decisions must be made on long latency control *** models are particularly relevant for emerging artificial intelligence(AI)-guided instrumentation,in which prescriptive knowledge is needed to guide autonomous *** we describe the implementation of a long short-term memory model(LSTM)for forecasting in situ electron energy loss spectroscopy(EELS)data,one of the richest analytical probes of materials and chemical *** describe key considerations for data collection,preprocessing,training,validation,and benchmarking,showing how this approach can yield powerful predictive insight into order-disorder phase ***,we comment on how such a model may integrate with emerging AI-guided instrumentation for powerful high-speed experimentation.

关键词： consequence autonomous transitions

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New methods for identification of disinfection byproducts of toxicological relevance: Progress and future directions

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第1期33卷 151-159页

作者： nicholas j.P.Wawryk Caley B.Craven Lindsay K.jmaiff Blackstock Xing-Fang Li Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyFaculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABT6G 2G3Canada

Disinfection byproducts(DBPs)represent a ubiquitous source of chemical exposure in disinfected *** over 700 DBPs have been identified,the drivers of toxicity remain poorly ***,ever evolving water treatment practices have led to a continually growing list of *** of analytical technologies have enabled the identification of new classes of DBPs and the quantification of these chemically diverse sets of *** we summarize advances in new workflows for DBP analysis,including sample preparation,chromatographic separation with mass spectrometry(MS)detection,and data *** aid in the selection of techniques for future studies,we discuss necessary considerations for each step in the *** review focuses on how each step of a workflow can be optimized to capture diverse classes of DBPs within a single ***,we highlight new MS-based approaches that can be powerful for identifying novel DBPs of toxicological *** discuss current challenges and provide perspectives on future research directions with respect to studying new DBPs of toxicological *** analytical technologies continue to advance,new strategies will be increasingly used to analyze complex DBPs produced in different treatment processes with the aim to identify potential drivers of toxicity.

关键词： Water disinfection byproducts(DBPs) Emerging contaminants Mass spectrometry Chromatography Nontargeted analysis Toxicity drivers

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Comparison of carbon-stock changes, eddycovariance carbon fluxes and model estimates in coastal Douglas-fir stands in British Columbia

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Forest Ecosystems 2015年第2期2卷 104-122页

作者： Colin j Ferster jA (Tony) Trofymow nicholas C Coops Baozhang Chen Thomas Andrew Black Department of Forest resources Management University of British Columbia Canadian Forest Service (Pacific Forestry Centre) Natural Resources Canada Department of Biology University of Victoria Faculty of Land and Food Systems University of British Columbia

Background： The global network of eddy-covariance （EC） flux-towers has improved the understanding of the terrestrial carbon （C） cycle, however, the network has a relatively limited spatial extent compared to forest inventory data and plots. Developing methods to use inventory-based and EC flux measurements together with modeling approaches is necessary evaluate forest C dynamics across broad spatial extents. Methods： Changes in C stock change （AC） were computed based on repeated measurements of forest inventory plots and compared with separate measurements of cumulative net ecosystem productivity （~NEP） over four years （2003 - 2006） for Douglas-fir （Pseudotsuga menzies# var menziesil} dominated regeneration （HDF00）, juvenile （HDF88 and HDF90） and near-rotation （DF49） aged stands （6, 18, 20, 57 years old in 2006, respectively） in coastal British Columbia. AC was determined from forest inventory plot data alone, and in a hybrid approach using inventory data along with litter fall data and published decay equations to determine the change in detrital pools. These AC-based estimates were then compared with Y_NEP measured at an eddy-covariance flux-tower （EC-flux） and modelled by the Carbon Budget Model - Canadian Forest Sector （CBM-CFS3） using historic forest inventory and forest disturbance data. Footprint analysis was used with remote sensing, soils and topography data to evaluate how well the inventory plots represented the range of stand conditions within the area of the flux-tower footprint and to spatially scale the plot data to the area of the EC-flux and model based estimates, results： The closest convergence among methods was for the juvenile stands while the largest divergences were for the regenerating clearcut, followed by the near-rotation stand. At the regenerating clearcut, footprint weighting of CBM-CFS3 TNEP increased convergence with EC flux Z_NEP, but not for AC. While spatial scaling and footprint weighting did not increase convergence for AC, they d

关键词： Forest carbon Micrometeorology Blometry remote sensing Geographic information systems

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Defining response to radiotherapy in rectal cancer using magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological scales

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第37期22卷 8414-8434页

作者： Muhammed rS Siddiqui jemma Bhoday nicholas j Battersby Manish Chand nicholas P West Al-Mutaz Abulafi Paris P Tekkis Gina Brown Department of Colorectal Surgery Croydon University Hospital Croydon London CR7 7YE United Kingdom Department of radiology Royal Marsden Hospital Sutton SM2 5PT United Kingdom Pathology and Tumour Biology Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology St. James's University Hospital Leeds LS9 7TF United Kingdom Department of Surgery Royal Marsden Hospital Fulham Rd London SM2 5PT United Kingdom

AIM To define good and poor regression using pathology and magnetic resonance imaging(MrI) regression scales after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for rectal *** A systematic review was performed on all studies up to December 2015, without language restriction, t h a t w e r e i d e n t i f i e d f r o m M E D L I N E, C o c h r a n e Controlled Trials register(1960-2015), and EMBASE(1991-2015). Searches were performed of article bibliographies and conference abstracts. MeS H and text words used included "tumour regression", "mr TrG", "poor response" and "colorectal cancers". Clinical studies using either MrI or histopathological tumour regression grade(TrG) scales to define good and poor responders were included in relation to outcomes [local recurrence(Lr), distant recurrence(Dr), disease-free survival(DFS), and overall survival(OS)]. There was no age restriction or stage of cancer restriction for patient inclusion. Data were extracted by two authors working independently and using pre-defined outcome *** Quantitative data(prevalence) were extracted and analysed according to meta-analytical techniques using comprehensive meta-analysis. Qualitative data(Lr, Dr, DFS and OS) were presented as ranges. The overall proportion of poor responders after neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy(CrT) was 37.7%(95%CI: 30.1-45.8). There were 19 different reported histopathological scales and one MrI regression scale(mrT rG). Clinical studies used nine and six histopathological scales for poor and good responders, respectively. All studies using MrI to define good and poor response used one scale. The most common histopathological definition for good response was the Mandard grades 1 and 2 or Dworak grades 3 and 4; Mandard 3, 4 and 5 and Dworak 0, 1 and 2 were used for poor response. For histopathological grades, the 5-year outcomes for poor responders were Lr 3.4%-4.3%, Dr 14.3%-20.3%, DFS 61.7%-68.1% and OS 60.7-69.1. Good pathological response 5-year outcomes were Lr

关键词： Tumour regression mrT rG Poor response Neo-adjuvant therapy rectal cancer

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6-weekly bevacizumab versus 4-weekly ranibizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration:a 2-year outcome

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International journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第4期9卷 551-555页

作者： Patrick j Chiam Vivian W Ho nicholas M Hickley Venkat Kotamarthi St.Paurs Eye Unit Royal Liverpool University HospitalLiverpool L7 8XPUK Eye Care Centre Leighton HospitalCrewe CW1 4Q JUK Eye Department Leicester Royal InfirmaryLeicester LE15WWUK

AIM： To compare visual acuity and central macular thickness（CMT） changes in neovascular age-related macular degeneration patients treated with either 6weekly bevacizumab regimen or 4 weekly ranibizumab on an as required basis.·METHODS： Patients made an informed choice between bevacizumab 1.25 mg or ranibizumab 0.5 mg. The selected treatment was administered in the first 3 *** patients were followed-up 6 weekly and ranibizumab 4 weekly. retreatment criteria was based on the reduction of 〉5 letters in the best-corrected visual acuity（BCVA）, the presence of retinal fluid on optical coherence tomography（OCT） or new retinal haemorrhage.·rESULTS： Visual acuity at 2y bevacizumab patients gained 7. 0 letters and ranibizumab 9. 2（ P = 0. 31, 95 %CI-6.4 to 2.0）. At 2y 86% of bevacizumab and 94%ranibizumab patients had not lost 15 letters or more（P =0.13）. Mean CMT decreased at 2y bevacizumab by 146 μm,ranibizumab 160 μm（P =0.72）. Mean number of injections was at 2y bevacizumzb 11.9, ranibizumab 10.3（P =0.023）.· CONCLUSION： Bevacizumab 6 weekly on an as required basis was not demonstrably non-inferior to ranibizumab 4 weekly pro re nata（prn） in terms of BCVA and change in CMT. In the bevacizumab group, one more injection was required in the second year compared to the ranibizumab group.

关键词： bevacizumab ranibizumab neovascular age-related macular degeneration treatment on as required basis

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Neurotoxicity and transcriptome changes in embryonic zebrafish induced by halobenzoquinone exposure

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 129-140页

作者： Xue Yang Chang Wang Lihua Yang Qi Zheng Qiongyu Liu nicholas j.P.Wawryk Xing-Fang Li Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances School of Environment and HealthJianghan UniversityWuhan 430056China Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyFaculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaT6G 2G3Canada South China Sea Bio-resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal EngineeringSchool of Marine SciencesSun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China

Halobenzoquinones(HBQs) are emerging disinfection byproducts(DBPs) with a widespread presence in drinking water that exhibit much higher cytotoxicity than regulated DBPs. However, the developmental neurotoxicity of HBQs has not been studied in vivo. In this work, we studied the neurotoxicity of HBQs on zebrafish embryos, after exposure to varying concentrations(0-8 μmol/L) of three HBQs, 2,5-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone(2,5-DCBQ), 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone(2,6-DCBQ), and 2,5-dibromo-1,4-benzoquinone(2,5-DBBQ) for 4 to 120 hr post fertilization(hpf). HBQ exposure significantly decreased the locomotor activity of larvae, accompanied by significant reduction of neurotransmitters(dopamine and γ-aminobutyric acid) and acetylcholinesterase activity. Furthermore, the expression of genes involved in neuronal morphogenesis( gfap, α1-tubulin, mbp, and syn-2 α) were downregulated by 4.4-, 5.2-, 3.0-, and 4.5-fold in the 5 μmol/L 2,5-DCBQ group and 2.0-, 1.6-, 2.1-, and 2.3-fold in the 5 μmol/L 2,5-DBBQ group, respectively. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that HBQ exposure affected the signaling pathways of neural development. This study demonstrates the significant neurotoxicity of HBQs in embryonic zebrafish and provides molecular evidence for understanding the potential mechanisms of HBQ neurotoxicity.

关键词： Disinfection byproducts Halobenzoquinone Neurotoxicity Zebrafish embryos

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