检索结果-南通市图书馆

potential of organic waste to energy and bio-fertilizer production in Sub-Saharan Africa:a review

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2023年第3期5卷 259-267页

作者： Isaac Rubagumya Allan John Komakech Isa Kabenge nicholas Kiggundu Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Makerere UniversityP.O.Box 7062KampalaUganda

Many growing cities of Sub-Saharan Africa(SSA)are marred by the inefficient collection,management,disposal and reuse of organic *** purpose of this study was to review and compare the energy recovery potential as well as bio-fertilizer perspective,from the organic waste volumes generated in SSA *** on computations made with a literature review,we find that the amount of organic wastes varies across countries translating to differences in the energy and bio-fertilizer production potentials across *** wastes generated in SSA can potentially generate about 133 million GWh of energy per *** organic waste to bio-fertilizer production potentials range from 11.08 million tons to 306.26 million tons *** has the highest energy and bio-fertilizer potential among the SSA countries with a total per capita of 630 MWh/year and 306.26 million tons,*** challenges and technical considerations for energy and bio-fertilizer approaches in the management of organic waste in SSA have also been *** study is of help to the readers and strategic decision makers in understanding the contribution of bioenergy and bio-fertilizer to achieving sustainable development goals,namely,7(Affordable and Clean Energy)and 13(Climate Action)in SSA.

关键词： Sub-Saharan Africa Organic waste Energy production Bio-fertilizer production Challenges

Exploring the percentage of COVID-19 cases reported in the community in Canada and associated case fatality ratios

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Infectious Disease Modelling 2021年第1期6卷 123-132页

作者： Brendan p.Dougherty Ben A.Smith Carolee A.Carson nicholas H.Ogden Centre for Food-borne and Environmental Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Public Health Agency of Canada370 Speedvale Ave W.GuelphONN1H 7M7Canada public Health Risk Sciences Division National Microbiology LaboratoryPublic Health Agency of Canada370 Speedvale Ave W.GuelphONN1H 7M7Canada public Health Risk Sciences Division National Microbiology LaboratoryPublic Health Agency of CanadaSt.HyacintheQCJ2S 2M2Canada

While surveillance can identify changes in COVID-19 transmission patterns over time and space,sections of the population at risk,and the efficacy of public health measures,reported cases of COVID-19 are generally understood to only capture a subset of the actual number of *** primary objective was to estimate the percentage of cases reported in the general community,considered as those that occurred outside of long-term care facilities(LTCFs),in specific provinces and Canada as a *** applied a methodology using the delay-adjusted case fatality ratio(CFR)to all cases and deaths,as well as those representing the general *** second objective was to assess whether the assumed CFR(mean=1.38%)was appropriate for calculating underestimation of cases in *** were developed for the period from March 11th,2020 to September 16th,*** of the percentage of cases reported(prCR)and CFR varied spatially and temporally across *** the majority of provinces,and for Canada as a whole,the prCR increased through the early stages of the *** estimated prCR in general community settings for all of Canada increased from 18.1%to 69.0%throughout the entire study *** were greater when considering only those data from outside of *** estimated upper bound CFR in general community settings for all of Canada decreased from 9.07%on March 11th,2020 to 2.00%on September 16th,***,the true CFR in the general community in Canada was likely less than 2%on September *** to our analysis,some provinces,such as Alberta,Manitoba,Newfoundland and Labrador,Nova Scotia,and Saskatchewan reported a greater percentage of cases as of September 16th,compared to British Columbia,Ontario,and *** could be due to differences in testing rates and criteria,demographics,socioeconomic factors,race,and access to healthcare among the *** investigation into these factors could reveal differences among provinc

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Underestimation Coronavirus disease Long term care facilities Case fatality ratio

Neoadjuvant treatment of esophageal cancer

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第30期16卷 3793-3803页

作者： nicholas p Campbell Victoria M Villaflor Section of Hematology/Oncology Department of MedicineThe University of Chicago Pritzker School of MedicineChicagoIL 60637United States

The management of esophageal cancer has been evolving over the past 30 years. In the United States, multimodality treatment combining chemotherapy and radiotherapy (RT) prior to surgical resection has come to be accepted by many as the standard of care, although debate about its overall effect on survival still exists, and rightfully so. Despite recent improvements in detection and treatment, the overall survival of patients with esophageal cancer remains lower than most solid tumors, which highlights why further advances are so desperately needed. The aim of this article is to provide a complete review of the history of esophageal cancer treatment with the addition of chemotherapy, RT, and more recently, targeted agents to the surgical management of resectable disease.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Multimodality therapy Neoadjuvant therapy Chemotherapy Radiotherapy Targeted agents Disease management

The effectiveness of a 17-week lifestyle intervention on health behaviors among airline pilots during COVID-19

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第3期10卷 333-340页

作者： Daniel Wilson Matthew Driller Ben Johnston nicholas Gill Te Huataki Waiora School of Health The University of WaikatoHamilton 3216New Zealand Faculty of Health Education and EnvironmentToi Ohomai Institute of TechnologyTauranga 3112New Zealand Sport and Exercise Science Human Services and SportLa Trobe UniversityMelbourne 3086Australia Aviation and Occupational Medicine Unit Wellington School of MedicineOtago UniversityWellington 6242New Zealand New Zealand Rugby Wellington 6011New Zealand

purpose:The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a 17-week,3-component lifestyle intervention for enhancing health behaviors during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)***:A parallel-group(intervention and control)study was conducted amongst 79 airline pilots over a 17-week period during the COVID-19 *** intervention group(n=38)received a personalized sleep,dietary,and physical activity(pA)*** control group(n=41)received no *** measures for sleep,fruit and vegetable intake,pA,and subjective health were measured though an online survey before and after the 17-week *** changes in outcome measures were used to determine the efficacy of the ***:Significant main effects for time￡group were found for International physical Activity Questionnaire-walk(p=0.02)and for all other outcome measures(pp significantly improved in sleep duration(ppittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score(ppA(ppphysical score(ppp showed significant negative change for sleep duration,pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score,and Short Form 12v2 mental score(pprovide preliminary evidence that a 3-component healthy sleep,eating,and pA intervention elicit improvements in health behaviors and perceived subjective health in pilots and may improve quality of life during an unprecedented global pandemic.

关键词： COVID-19 Healthy eating Lifestyle health Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity Sleep

predicting phosphorus sorption isotherm parameters in soil using data of routine laboratory tests

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

pedosphere 2021年第5期31卷 694-704页

作者： Kathleen S.DUNNE nicholas M.HOLDEN Karen DALY Teagasc Johnstown CastleEnvironmental Research CentreCo.Wexford Y35TC97(Ireland) UCD School of Biosystems and Food Engineering University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4 D04VIW8(Ireland)

Knowledge of phosphorus(p)sorption dynamics across different soil types could direct agronomic and environmental management of *** objective of this study was to predict p isotherm parameters for a national soil population using data of routine laboratory *** and Freundlich sorption parameters were calculated from two different ranges(0-25 and 0-50 mg p L^(-1))using an archive of representative agricultural soil types from *** linear regression(MLR)identified labile forms of aluminium(Al)and iron(Fe),organic matter(OM),cation exchange capacity(CEC),and clay as significant *** and Freundlich sorption capacities,Freundlich affinity constant,and Langmuir buffer capacity were predicted reliably,with R^(2) of independent validation>*** isotherm parameters were predicted from p sorbed at a single concentration of 50 mg p L^(-1)(S_(50)).An MLR prediction of p sorption maximum in the 0-50 mg p L-1 range was achieved,to an accurate standard,using S_(50),OM,and Mehlich-3 Fe(R^(2) of independent calibration and validation being 0.91 and 0.95,respectively).Using Giles’four shapes of isotherms(C,L,H,and S),L non-strict-and C-shaped isotherm curves accounted for 64% and 27% of the soils,*** clustering identified a separation of isotherm curves influenced by two ranges of Mehlich-3 *** with a low range of Mehlich-3 Al(2.5-698 mg kg^(-1))had no incidence of rapid sorption(C shape).Single point indices,Al,or available soil data make the regression approach a feasible way of predicting Langmuir parameters that could be included with standard agronomic soil p testing.

关键词： available phosphorus binding fertilizer soil test sorption maximum

pathway analysis for genome-wide genetic variation data:Analytic principles,latest developments,and new opportunities

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2021年第3期48卷 173-183页

作者： Micah Silberstein nicholas Nesbit Jacquelyn Cai phil H.Lee Center for Genomic Medicine Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114USA Department of psychiatry Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Stanley Center for psychiatric Research Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeMA 02142USA

pathway analysis,also known as gene-set enrichment analysis,is a multilocus analytic strategy that integrates a priori,biological knowledge into the statistical analysis of high-throughput genetics *** developed for the studies of gene expression data,it has become a powerful analytic procedure for indepth mining of genome-wide genetic variation *** discoveries were made in the past years,uncovering genes and biological mechanisms underlying common and complex ***,as massive amounts of diverse functional genomics data accrue,there is a pressing need for newer generations of pathway analysis methods that can utilize multiple layers of high-throughput genomics *** this review,we provide an intellectual foundation of this powerful analytic strategy,as well as an update of the state-of-the-art in recent method *** goal of this review is threefold:(1)introduce the motivation and basic steps of pathway analysis for genome-wide genetic variation data;(2)review the merits and the shortcomings of classic and newly emerging integrative pathway analysis tools;and(3)discuss remaining challenges and future directions for further method developments.

关键词： pathway analysis Set-based association analysis Gene-set enrichment analysis Genome-wide association study Multilocus association analysis

A platform for initial testing of multiple camouflage patterns

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Defence Technology（防务技术） 2021年第6期17卷 1833-1839页

作者： Joanna R.Hall Olivia Matthews Timothy N.Volonakis Eric Liggins Karl p.Lymer Roland Baddeley Innes C.Cuthill nicholas E.Scott-Samuel School of psychological Science University of Bristol12a Priory RoadBristolBS81TUUK School of Biological Sciences University of Bristol24 Tyndall AvenueBristolBS81TQUK QinetiQ Ltd Cody Technology ParkFarnboroughHampshireGU140LXUK Defence Science and Technology Lab Physical Sciences GroupPorton DownSalisburyWiltshireSP40JQUK

The human visual system is still an important factor in military warfare;military personnel receive training on effective search strategies,and camouflage that can effectively conceal objects and personnel is a key component of a successful integrated survivability *** methods of camouflage assessment have,amongst others,used psychophysics to generate distinctiveness ***,the population from which the human observers are drawn is often not well defined,or necessarily *** this experiment we designed a new platform for testing multiple patterns based on a camouflaged object detection task,and investigate whether trained military observers perform better than *** use a two-alternative forced choice paradigm,with participants searching images of woodland for a replica military helmet displaying Olive Green,Multi Terrain pattern,US Marine pattern or,as a conspicuous control,UN peacekeeper *** data show that there is no difference in detection performance between the two observer groups but that there are clear differences in the effectiveness of the different helmet colour patterns in a temperate woodland *** conclude that when tasks involve very short stimulus presentation times,task-specific training has little effect on the success of target detection and thus this paradigm is particularly suitable for robust estimates of camouflage efficacy.

关键词： Camouflage Detection Military Civilian Expertise Training

Magnitude,Scale,and Dynamics of the 2020 Mei-yu Rains and Floods over China

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第12期38卷 2082-2096页

作者： Ambrogio VOLONTÉ Mark MUETZELFELDT Reinhard SCHIEMANN Andrew GTURNER nicholas KLINGAMAN Department of Meteorology University of ReadingReadingRG66ESUK National Centre for Atmospheric Science University of ReadingReadingRG66ESUK

Large parts of East and South Asia were affected by heavy precipitation and flooding during early summer *** study provides both a statistical and dynamical characterization of rains and floods affecting the Yangtze River Basin(YRB).By aggregating daily and monthly precipitation over river basins across Asia,it is shown that the YRB is one of the areas that was particularly *** and July 2020 rainfall was higher than in the previous 20 years,and the YRB experienced anomalously high rainfall across most of its *** discharge also attained levels not seen since 1998/*** automated method detecting the daily position of the East Asian Summer Monsoon Front(EASMF)is applied to show that the anomalously high YRB precipitation was associated with a halted northward progression of the EASMF and prolonged mei-yu conditions over the YRB lasting more than one *** 5-day heavy-precipitation episodes(12−16 June and 4−8 July 2020)are selected from this period for dynamical characterization,including Lagrangian trajectory *** attention is devoted to the dynamics of the airstreams converging at the *** episodes display heavy precipitation and convergence of monsoonal and subtropical air ***,clear differences are identified in the upper-level flow pattern,substantially affecting the balance of airmass advection towards the *** study contextualizes heavy precipitation in Asia in summer 2020 and showcases several analysis tools developed by the authors for the study of such events.

关键词： East Asian summer monsoon 2020 China floods Yangtze River basin mei-yu front extreme precipitation

plasticity in the antipredator behavior of the orange-footed sea cucumber under shifting hydrodynamic forces

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Current Zoology 2019年第6期65卷 685-695页

作者： nicholas A.W.BROWN David R.WILSON patrick GAGNON Department of Ocean Sciences Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John'sNewfoundlandA1C 5S7Canada Department of psychology Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John'sNewfoundlandA1B 3X9Canada

Marine invertebrates that move too slowly to evade unfavorable environmental change may instead exhibit phenotypic plasticity,allowing them to adjust to varying *** orange-footed sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa is a slow-moving suspension feeder that is preyed on by the purple sunstar Solaster *** sea cucumber's antipredator behavior involves changing shape and detaching from the substratum,which might increase its probability of being displaced by water motion into an unsuitable *** hypothesized that sea cucumbers'antipredator responses would be diminished under stronger hydrodynamic forces,and that behavioral strategies would be flexible so that individuals could adjust to frequent changes in water *** a natural orange-footed sea cucumber habitat,individuals lived along a pronounced hydrodynamic gradient,allowing us to measure antipredator behavior under different water flow *** placed purple sunstars in physical contact with sea cucumbers living at various points along the gradient to elicit antipredator *** then repeated this procedure in a laboratory mesocosm that generated weak and strong hydrodynamic forces similar to those observed at the field *** in the mesocosm experiment were tested in both wave conditions to determine if their antipredator behavior would change in response to sudden environmental change,as would be experienced under deteriorating sea *** responses did not covary with hydrodynamic forces in the ***,antipredator responses in the mesocosm experiment increased when individuals were transplanted from strong to weak forces and decreased when transplanted from weak to strong ***,our results indicate environmentally induced plasticity in the antipredator behavior of the orange-footed sea cucumber.

关键词： behavioral plasticity benthic invertebrate predator-prey interaction reciprocal transplant experiment Solaster endeca.wave environment