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Heart healthy equals prostate healthy and statins, aspirin, and/or metformin （S.A.M.） are the ideal recommendations for prostate cancer prevention

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第5期17卷 783-791,I0008页

作者： Mark A Moyad nicholas J Vogelzang Department of Urology University of Michigan Medical Center Ann Arbor Michigan USA Developmental Therapeutics Committee and Genitourinary Committee for US Oncology Research Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada Las Vegas Nevada USA

Cardiovascular disease （CVD） has been the number one cause of death in the U.S. for 114 of the last 115 years. Lifestyle factors that promote CVD also appear to increase prostate cancer risk and those that reduce CVD risk also appear to reduce the risk of prostate cancer. The largest randomized trials utilizing dietary supplements or pharmacologic agents for prostate cancer prevention （Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial [SELECT]） have also shed light on the problems and future solutions in this area. Dietary supplements that have not been found to be CVD protective, such as selenium and Vitamin E have not been found to be prostate protective. In addition, over exposure to specific anti-oxidants in nutritionally replete populations may be encouraging cancer growth. Futuretrials of dietary supplements to prevent prostate cancer could be problematic because by the time a definitive trial is initiated the participants will no longer be ＂deficient＂ in the nutrient being tested, which arguably occurred in the SELECT trial. It is also interesting that statins, aspirin, and/or metformin （S.A.M.） are 3 generic, low-cost, heart healthy agents derived from natural sources with separate mechanism of actions, which all appear to have the best benefit to risk ratio compared to any other agent available for prostate cancer prevention, especially aggressive disease, or as an ancillary agent （s） to conventional cancer treatment. It is time to focus on the forest over the trees and recommend proven CVD protective measures for men concerned about their risk of prostate cancer.

关键词： aspirin diet lifestyle metformin prostate cancer statins

Animal personalities and their implications for complex signaling

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Current Zoology 2014年第3期60卷 381-386页

作者： nicholas DIRIENZO Ann V HEDRICK Department of Neurobiology Physiology & Behavior Animal Behavior Graduate Group University of California Davis CA 95616 USA Department of Neurobiology Physiology & Behavior University of California Davis CA 95616 USA

Animal personalities have been a major focus of behavioral ecology over the past decade. Consistent individual dif ferences in behavior have been found across taxa, and have been shown to influence a range of ecological processes. The role of personalities in sexual selection has been considered, and examples exist that show selection for personality traits with both assortative and disassortative mating patterns between personality types. One overlooked aspect of the personality and sexual se lection literature is the potential for personalitysignaling interactions, specifically with complex signaling. Complex signaling is a diverse topic in itself, and in short, consists of multiple signals within one or more modalities that interact to elicit a receiver response. Research into complex signaling has been thorough, although at times studies discover complex signaling systems that fail to fit into one of the existing hypotheses in the literature. Here, we argue that personalities may interact with complex signal ing, which should be considered by researchers of both personality and sexual selection and communication. We describe several ways in which personalitycomplex signaling interactions could affect both the signaler and receiver, and the way in which they may drive personalityspecific signals as well as receiver preferences. Finally, we discuss how considering personality in com plex signaling studies may inform theory as well as improve the ability of researchers to accurately describe its function.

关键词： Animal Personalities Sexual Selection Complex Signaling Multimodal Communication Communication

Purines:From Diagnostic Biomarkers to Therapeutic Agents in Brain Injury

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2020年第11期36卷 1315-1326页

作者： Bruno G.Frenguelli nicholas Dale School of Life Sciences The University WarwickCoventry CV47ALUK

The purines constitute a family of inter-related compounds that serve a broad range of important intracellular and extracellular biological *** particular,adenosine triphosphate(ATP)and its metabolite and precursor,adenosine,regulate a wide variety of cellular and systems-level physiological processes extending from ATP acting as the cellular energy currency,to the adenosine arising from the depletion of cellular ATP and responding to reduce energy demand and hence to preserve ATP during times of metabolic *** inter-relationship provides opportunities for both the diagnosis of energy depletion during conditions such as stroke,and the replenishment of ATP after such *** this review we address these opportunities and the broad potential of purines as diagnostics and restorative agents.

关键词： Purines Adenosine ATP Biomarker Stroke Cerebral ischemia Traumatic brain injury Adenine D-ribose

Teleseismic waves reveal anisotropic poroelastic response of wastewater disposal reservoir

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2021年第6期5卷 547-558页

作者： Andrew J Barbour nicholas M Beeler u.s.geological survey earthquake science centerusa

Connecting earthquake nucleation in basement rock to fluid injection in basal,sedimentary reservoirs,depends heavily on choices related to the poroelastic properties of the fluid-rock system,thermo-chemical effects *** constraints on these parameters outside of laboratory settings are rare,and it is commonly assumed that the rock layers are *** the Arbuckle wastewater disposal reservoir in Osage County,Oklahoma,high-frequency formation pressure changes and collocated broadband ground velocities measured during the passing of large teleseismic waves show a poroelastic response of the reservoir that is both azimuthally variable and anisotropic;this includes evidence of static shifts in pressure that presumably relate to changes in local *** azimuthal dependence in both the static response and shear coupling appears related to tectonic stress and strain indicators such as the orientations of the maximum horizontal stress and faults and *** dynamic strains from a nearby borehole strainmeter,we show that the ratio of shear to volumetric strain coupling is~0.41 which implies a mean Skempton's coefficient of A=0.24 over the plausible range of the undrained Poisson's *** these observations are made at relatively low confining pressure and differential stress,we suggest that the hydraulically conductive fracture network is a primary control on the coupling between pore pressure diffusion and elastic stresses in response to natural or anthropogenic sources.

关键词： poroelasticity dynamic strain anisotropy wastewater disposal Oklahoma induced seismicity

So you aspire to be a Professor?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第44期15卷 5626-5627页

作者： nicholas J Talley Department of Internal Medicine Mayo Clinic Jacksonville Professor of Medicine and EpidemiologyDivision of Gastroenterology & HepatologyMayo Clinic College of Medicine Consultant200 First Street S.W.PL-6-56Rochester MN 55905United States

＂The truth is that life is delicious, horrible, charming, frightful, sweet, bitter, and that is everything.＂ Anatole France （Francois-Anatole Thibault, 1844-1924）.

关键词：胃疾病临床治疗疗效

Effects of the Morphology of the Electrode Nanostructures on the Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

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Nano Research 2008年第6期1卷 483-489页

作者： nicholas N.Bwana Department of Computer Science Mathematicsand PhysicsThe University of the West IndiesCave Hill CampusSt.MichaelBarbados

This article reports the performances of dye-sensitized solar cells based on different working electrode structures,namely(1)highly ordered arrays of TiO_(2)nanorods,(2)highly ordered arrays of TiO_(2)nanotubules of different wall thicknesses,and(3)sintered TiO_(2)*** though highest short-circuit current density was achieved with systems based on TiO_(2)nanotubules,the most effi cient cells were those based on ordered arrays of TiO_(2)*** is probably due to the higher open-circuit photovoltage values attained with TiO_(2)nanorods compared with TiO_(2)*** nanorods are thicker than the nanotubules and therefore the injected electrons,stored in the trap states of the inner TiO_(2)particles,are shielded from recombination with holes in the redox electrolyte at *** high short-circuit photocurrent densities seen in the ordered TiO_(2)systems can be explained by the fact that,in contrast to the sintered nanoparticles,the parallel and vertical orientation of the ordered nanostructures provide well defi ned electron percolation paths and thus signifi cantly reduce the diffusion distance and time constant.

关键词： Electrode nanorods nanotubules sintered efficiency

Adaptive Locally Weighted Projection Regression Method for Uncertainty Quantification

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第9期14卷 851-878页

作者： Peng Chen nicholas Zabaras Materials Process Design and Control Laboratory 101 Frank H.T.Rhodes HallSibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853-3801USA

We develop an efficient,adaptive locally weighted projection regression(ALWPR)framework for uncertainty quantification(UQ)of systems governed by ordinary and partial differential *** algorithm adaptively selects the new input points with the largest predictive variance and decides when and where to add new *** effectively learns the local features and accurately quantifies the uncertainty in the prediction of the *** developed methodology provides predictions and confidence intervals at any query input and can dealwithmulti-output *** examples are presented to show the accuracy and efficiency of the ALWPR framework including problems with non-smooth local features such as discontinuities in the stochastic space.

关键词： Locally weighted projection regression multi-output adaptivity uncertainty quantification

Synthesis of hierarchical mesoporous Ln_(2)Ti_(2)O_(7)(Ln=Y,Tb-Yb)pyrochlores and uranyl sorption properties

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第18期113卷 22-32页

作者： Linggen Kong Inna Karatchevtseva Tao Wei nicholas Scales Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation Lucas Heights NSW2234Australia

Mesoporous structured metal oxides exhibit many active ***,the synthesis of crystalline metal oxides with a ternary composition while maintaining satisfactory pore features is ***,high temperatures are required which inhibit control of pore structure properties including surface area,pore volume,and pore ***,the synthesis of ternary metal oxides Ln_(2)Ti_(2)O_(7)pos-sessing pyrochlore crystal structure is achieved using a novel technique which combines‘soft’and hard colloid templating *** formed materials are of submicron size and composed of∼25-30 nm product‘building blocks’with good chemical and phase *** polycrystalline powders have a high specific surface area(up to 70 m^(2)·g^(-1))and pore volume(∼0.35 cm^(3)·g^(-1))which result in a good adsorp-tion capacity(U uptake closing to 60 mg·g^(-1)).Remarkably,the material exhibits a significant portion of mesopores(mainly 10-40 nm)which facilitate fast adsorption of the cations due to high *** synthetic methodology described herein produces highly homogenous powders and can be applied to other compositions and structures.

关键词： Porous ternary metal oxides Dual template synthesis Lanthanide titanate Pyrochlore Uranium adsorption

Astrometric calibration and source characterisation of the latest generation neuromorphic event-based cameras for space imaging

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Astrodynamics 2023年第4期7卷 415-443页

作者： nicholas Owen Ralph Alexandre Marcireau Saeed Afshar nicholas Tothill Andre van Schaik Gregory Cohen International Centre for Neuromorphic Systems MARCS Institute for BrainBehaviour and DevelopmentWestern Sydney UniversityKingswood 2747NSWAustralia

As an emerging approach to space situational awareness and space imaging,the practical use of an event-based camera(EBC)in space imaging for precise source analysis is still in its *** nature of event-based space imaging and data collection needs to be further explored to develop more effective event-based space imaging systems and advance the capabilities of event-based tracking systems with improved target measurement ***,for event measurements to be meaningful,a framework must be investigated for EBC calibration to project events from pixel array coordinates in the image plane to coordinates in a target resident space object’s reference *** this paper,the traditional techniques of conventional astronomy are reconsidered to properly utilise the EBC for space imaging and space situational *** paper presents the techniques and systems used for calibrating an EBC for reliable and accurate measurement *** techniques are vital in building event-based space imaging systems capable of real-world space situational awareness *** calibrating sources detected using the EBC,the spatiotemporal characteristics of detected sources or“event sources”can be related to the photometric characteristics of the underlying astrophysical ***,these characteristics are analysed to establish a foundation for principled processing and observing techniques which appropriately exploit the capabilities of the EBC.

关键词： neuromorphic event-based camera(EBC) space imaging space situational awareness(SSA) astronomy