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Unpowered Scooter-Related Injuries among Adolescents and Adults in the United States 2007-2017

Open Journal of Emergency Medicine 2020年第1期8卷 13-20页

作者： Mercy Wakili Isichei Alexander Femi Ale Michael Ayedima Misauno Pamela Brown nicholas dean soulakis Department of Surgery Jos University Teaching Hospital Plateau State Nigeria 727 Tulane Drive NE Albuquerque NM USA Division of Health and Biomedical Informatics Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL USA

United States Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) reported a 700% increase in Emergency Department (ED) visits for injuries attributed to unpowered scooter use from January through October 2000. Our objective is to investigate injuries associated with the use of unpowered scooters among adolescents from the age of >9 years to 20 years in the National Electronic Injury Surveillance Study (NEISS) data set from 2007-2017. We analyzed unpowered scooter-related injuries in the NEISS data set using variables: SCOOTER, INJURED, AFTER, OFF, AT and IN;the product code for injuries related to unpowered scooters is 1329, and age ≥9 years and 9 - 19 - <99 years. Distribution by race: White 39.65%, Not Specified (NS) 38.94%, Black/African American 13.98% and Others (Asian, American Indians, Alaskan natives, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders) 7.43%. Body parts injured: head 16.19%, followed by face 8.49%, finger 8.30%, lower trunk 8.30%, ankle 5.60%, upper trunk 5.35%, internal injuries 0.99% and others 14.28%. Most of the injuries were mild: Treated and Discharged 89.80%, Hospitalized 7.68%, and Death in ED 0.05%. The locations of injuries were: Occurred at Home 43.47%, UNK 29.78%, Sports 12.63%, Public 6.49%, School 5.35%, and Street 2.22%. Injury trend: a rise until 2010, a decline until 2015 and, then a sharp rise through 2017. Injuries from the use of unpowered scooters are a rising threat that should be given attention. Outcome: Most of the injuries 69.80% were mild treated and discharged, 7.68% were hospitalized, while death in ED was 0.05%. Whereas: Transfer to referral hospital was about the same as in adults. Although most of these injuries were minor, head injuries could lead to more serious problems, and severe injuries could be life-threatening.

关键词： Unpowered Scooter Injuries Adolescents Adults

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Analysis of Gene Expression Patterns during Seed Coat Development in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2011年第6期4卷 1074-1091页

作者： Gillian dean YongGuo Cao DaoQuan Xiang nicholas J. Provart Larissa Ramsay Abdul Ahad Rick White Gopalan Selvaraj Raju Datla George Haughn Department of Botany University of British Columbia 6270 University Blvd Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada National Research Council of Canada Plant Biotechnology Institute 110 Gymnasium Place Saskatoon SK S7N owg Canada Department of Cell and Systems Biology/Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function University of Toronto 25 Willcocks St Toronto ON M5S 3B2 Canada Department of Statistics University of British Columbia 6356 Agricultural Road Vancouver BC V6T 1Z2 Canada

The seed coat is important for embryo protection, seed hydration, and dispersal. Seed coat composition is also of interest to the agricultural sector, since it impacts the nutritional value for humans and livestock alike. Although some seed coat genes have been identified, the developmental pathways controlling seed coat development are not completely elucidated, and a global genetic program associated with seed coat development has not been reported. This study uses a combination of genetic and genomic approaches in Arabidopsis thaliana to begin to address these knowledge gaps. Seed coat development is a complex process whereby the integuments of the ovule differentiate into specialized cell types. In Arabidopsis, the outermost layer of cells secretes mucilage into the apoplast and develops a secondary cell wall known as a columella. The layer beneath the epidermis, the palisade, synthesizes a secondary cell wall on its inner tangential side. The innermost layer （the pigmented layer or endothelium） produces proanthocyanidins that condense into tannins and oxidize, giving a brown color to mature seeds. Genetic separation of these cell layers was achieved using the ap2-7 and tt16-1 mutants, where the epidermis/palisade and the endothelium do not develop respectively. This genetic ablation was exploited to examine the developmental programs of these cell types by isolating and collecting seed coats at key tran- sitions during development and performing global gene expression analysis. The data indicate that the developmental programs of the epidermis and the pigmented layer proceed relatively independently. Global expression datasets that can be used for identification of new gene candidates for seed coat development were generated. These dataset provide a comprehensive expression profile for developing seed coats in Arabidopsis, and should provide a useful resource and reference for other seed systems.

关键词： Seed coat microarray APETALA2 TRANSPARENT TESTA16 mucilage pectin secondary cell wall pigmentedlayer proanthocyanidin.

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Hurricane disturbances, tree diversity, and succession in North Carolina Piedmont forests, USA

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第1期30卷 219-231页

作者： Weimin Xi Robert K.Peet Michael T.Lee dean L.Urban Department of Biology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Department of Biological and Health Sciences Texas A & M University-Kingsville The nicholas School of the Environment Duke University

Windthrow plays a critical role in maintaining species diversity in temperate forests. Do large-scale strong wind events(i.e., tropical cyclones, including hurricanes,typhoons and severe cyclonic storms) increase tree diversity in severely damaged forest areas? Do hurricanes(tropical cyclones that occurs in the Atlantic Ocean and northeastern Pacific Ocean) lead to altered relative abundance of shade-tolerant and shade-intolerant species? Did historic hurricanes alter the succession trajectory of the damaged forests? We used nearly 70-year tree demographic data to assess the effects of two major hurricanes on woody species diversity in Piedmont forests, North Carolina, USA. Species richness(S) and Shannon–Wiener's diversity index(H') were used to evaluate the changes in tree diversity. The changes in composition were assessed with Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling. The pre-hurricane successional phase can strongly influence both the damage severity and subsequent responses. Although there is often an immediate drop in diversity following a hurricane, understory tree diversity quickly increases to levels that exceed those prior to the disturbance. This leads to an increase in diversity in stands that were substantially damaged. Hurricanes significantly decrease the dominance of shade-intolerant canopy species while increasing preestablished, more shade-tolerant species. We conclude that large, and infrequent hurricanes help to maintain local tree diversity, but also accelerate the increase in dominance of understory species such as red maple and beech.

关键词： Wind disturbance Tree species diversity Plant succession Disturbance-diversity relationship Piedmont forests

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Changes in forest structure, species diversity and spatial pattern following hurricane disturbance in a Piedmont North Carolina forest, USA

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2008年第1期1卷 43-57页

作者： Weimin Xi Robert K.Peet dean L.Urban Department of Biology University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 29599-3280USA The nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

Aims Large hurricanes have profound impacts on temperate forests,but owing to their infrequent nature these effects have rarely been examined in *** 1996,Hurricane Fran significantly damaged many long-term tree census plots in the Duke Forest on the North Carolina Piedmont,thereby providing an exceptional opportunity to examine pre-and post-hurricane forest compositional *** goal was to examine immediate,short-term(0–4 years)and longer term(;5 year)hurricane-induced structural,spatial and compositional changes in the tree population(stem d.b.h>1 cm)in the context of our detailed,long-term knowledge of the dynamics of these *** We surveyed stem damage and tree mortality in 34 long-term permanent plots(ca.70-year record;404–1012 m^(2))and 7 large mapped tree stands(ca.20-year record;5250–65000 m^(2))representing both transition-phase,even-aged pine stands and uneven-aged upland hardwood *** employed three types of damage measures to quantify stand-level damage severity:percentage of stems damaged,percentage of basal area lost and a‘stand-level damage index’.Second-order spatial analysis(Ripley’s K-function)was used to investigate patterns in tree *** findings Our study found hurricane effects on the structural attributes of Piedmont forests to be variable and *** in tree species composition,however,were *** was the major damage type for the overstory trees[diameter at breast height(d.b.h.)>10 cm]apparently due to the exposure of the crowns to high wind combined with heavy rainfall prior to and during the ***,juvenile trees and small trees(1–10 cm d.b.h.)of the understory and midstory were mainly damaged by being pinned or bent by their damaged large ***-induced tree mortality varied weakly among species,was positively correlated with pre-hurricane tree size and remained up to 2-fold higher than pre-hurricane background mortality 5 years after the ***

关键词： delayed tree mortality disturbance ecology hurricane damage d Hurricane Fran spatial point pattern analysis stand dynamics structural heterogeneity

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Re-evaluating the importance of carbohydrates as regenerative biomaterials

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2019年第1期6卷 1-12页

作者： Heidi F.Oldenkamp Julia E.Vela Ramirez nicholas A.Peppas Institute for Biomaterials Drug Deliveryand Regenerative Medicine McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Pediatrics Dell Medical School Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care Dell Medical School Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery College of PharmacyThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA

Introduction Carbohydrates are the most abundant natural biomaterials in the *** interacting with cells of a variety of levels,they take part in essential functions of organisms including cellular communication,inflammation,infection development and *** carbohydrate–cell interactions occur on a variety of levels through glycoconjugates such as glycolipids,glycosaminoglycans(GAGs),glycoproteins and proteoglycans[1–4].The roles of carbohydrates in biological systems pose them as some of the most sought-after *** use of these multifaceted molecules provides the opportunity to tailor desired responses depending on the target application[1–5].

关键词： carbohydrate regenerative biomaterials polysaccharide tissue engineering

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Creating heralded hyper-entangled photons using Rydberg atoms

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第7期10卷 1227-1235页

作者： Sutapa Ghosh nicholas Rivera Gadi Eisenstein Ido Kaminer Andrew and Erna Viterby Department of Electrical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 32000Israel Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA

Entangled photon pairs are a fundamental component for testing the foundations of quantum mechanics,and for modern quantum technologies such as teleportation and secured *** state-of-the-art sources are based on nonlinear processes that are limited in their efficiency and wavelength *** motivates the exploration of physical mechanisms for entangled photon generation,with a special interest in mechanisms that can be heralded,preferably at telecommunications *** we present a mechanism for the generation of heralded entangled photons from Rydberg atom cavity quantum electrodynamics(cavity QED).We propose a scheme to demonstrate the mechanism and quantify its expected *** heralding of the process enables non-destructive detection of the photon *** entangled photons are produced by exciting a rubidium atom to a Rydberg state,from where the atom decays via two-photon emission(TPE).A Rydberg blockade helps to excite a single Rydberg excitation while the input light field is more efficiently collectively absorbed by all the *** TPE rate is significantly enhanced by a designed photonic cavity,whose many resonances also translate into high-dimensional *** resulting high-dimensionally entangled photons are entangled in more than one degree of freedom:in all of their spectral components,in addition to the polarization—forming a hyperentangled state,which is particularly interesting in high information capacity quantum *** characterize the photon comb states by analyzing the Hong-Ou-Mandel interference and propose proof-of-concept experiments.

关键词： Rydberg quantum proof

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大宗商品:先抑后扬冷暖各异

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中国外汇 2012年第1期 70-71页

作者： Mark Pervan nicholas Trevethan Paul dean 杨瑞琪罗婴彧澳新银行

动荡的2011年已经过去，如果一定要给人宗商品价格止势做一个概括，可以用两个词来形容：先涨后落与大涨小落。在第一季度创下年内高点后，瞬间崩溃；第二、三季度，主要商品遭大量抛售；临近岁未，受美国台能对伊朗动武的消息影响，给... 详细信息

动荡的2011年已经过去，如果一定要给人宗商品价格止势做一个概括，可以用两个词来形容：先涨后落与大涨小落。在第一季度创下年内高点后，瞬间崩溃；第二、三季度，主要商品遭大量抛售；临近岁未，受美国台能对伊朗动武的消息影响，给国际火宗商品市场价格，特别是国际油价带来一定支撑。

关键词：大宗商品国际油价商品市场商品价格市场价格经济放缓商品需求

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New frontiers for the materials genome initiative

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 776-798页

作者： Juan J.de Pablo nicholas E.Jackson Michael A.Webb Long-Qing Chen Joel E.Moore Dane Morgan Ryan Jacobs Tresa Pollock Darrell G.Schlom Eric S.Toberer James Analytis Ismaila Dabo dean M.DeLongchamp Gregory A.Fiete Gregory M.Grason Geoffroy Hautier Yifei Mo Krishna Rajan Evan J.Reed Efrain Rodriguez Vladan Stevanovic Jin Suntivich Katsuyo Thornton Ji-Cheng Zhao Institute for Molecular Engineering University of ChicagoChicagoIL 60615USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Physics University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Materials Department and Materials Research Laboratory University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Department of Physics Colorado School of MinesGoldenCO 80401USA Materials Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA Department of Physics University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences UniversitéCatholique de Louvain1348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Department of Materials Design and Innovation University of Buffalo–The State University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14260-5030USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Colorado School of MinesGoldenCO 80401USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

The Materials Genome Initiative(MGI)advanced a new paradigm for materials discovery and design,namely that the pace of new materials deployment could be accelerated through complementary efforts in theory,computation,and *** with numerous successes,new challenges are inviting researchers to refocus the efforts and approaches that were originally inspired by the *** May 2017,the National Science Foundation sponsored the workshop“Advancing and Accelerating Materials Innovation Through the Synergistic Interaction among Computation,Experiment,and Theory:Opening New Frontiers”to review accomplishments that emerged from investments in science and infrastructure under the MGI,identify scientific opportunities in this new environment,examine how to effectively utilize new materials innovation infrastructure,and discuss challenges in achieving accelerated materials research through the seamless integration of experiment,computation,and *** article summarizes key findings from the workshop and provides perspectives that aim to guide the direction of future materials research and its translation into societal impacts.

关键词： utilize frontier accomplishment

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Recent advances in glucose-responsive insulin delivery systems:novel hydrogels and future applications

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2022年第1期9卷 1037-1045页

作者： Avha R.Mohanty Akhila Ravikumar nicholas A.Peppas McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin200 E Dean Keeton StAustinTX 78712USA Institute for Biomaterials Drug Deliveryand Regenerative MedicineThe University of Texas at Austin107WDean Keeton StAustinTX 78712USA Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin107WDean Keeton StAustinTX 78712USA Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery College of PharmacyThe University of Texas at Austin2409 University AveAustinTX 78712USA Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care Dell Medical SchoolThe University of Texas at Austin1501 Red River StAustinTX 78712USA Department of Pediatrics Dell Medical SchoolThe University of Texas at Austin1501 Red River StAustinTX 78712USA

Over the past several decades,there have been major advancements in the field of glucose sensing and insulin delivery for the treatment of type I diabetes *** introduction of closed-loop insulin delivery systems that deliver insulin in response to specific levels of glucose in the blood has shifted significantly the research in this *** systems consist of encapsulated glucose-sensitive components such as glucose oxidase or phenylboronic acid in hydrogels,microgels or *** our previous evaluation of these systems in a contribution in 2004,new systems have been *** improvements in key issues,such as consistent insulin delivery over an extended period of time have been *** this contribution,we discuss recent advancements over the last 5 years and present persisting issues in these technologies that must be overcome in order for these systems to be applicable in patients.

关键词： insulin delivery glucose control hydrogels glucose oxidase diabetes

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Advanced biomedical hydrogels:molecular architecture and its impact on medical applications

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2021年第6期8卷 297-317页

作者： Jonathan T.Peters Marissa E.Wechsler nicholas A.Peppas McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustin200 E.Dean KeetonAustinTX 78712USA Institute for Biomaterials Drug Deliveryand Regenerative MedicineThe University of Texas at Austin107 W.Dean KeetonAustinTX 78712USA Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at San AntonioOne UTSA CircleSan AntonioTX78249USA Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin107 W.Dean KeetonAustinTX 78712USA Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery College of PharmacyThe University of Texas at Austin107 W.Dean KeetonAustinTX 78712USA Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care and Department of PediatricsDell Medical SchoolThe University of Texas at Austin1601 Trinity St.Bldg.BAustinTX 78712USA

Hydrogels are cross-linked polymeric networks swollen in water,physiological aqueous solutions or biological *** are synthesized by a wide range of polymerization methods that allow for the introduction of linear and branched units with specific molecular *** addition,they can be tuned to exhibit desirable chemical characteristics including hydrophilicity or *** synthesized hydrogels can be anionic,cationic,or amphiphilic and can contain multifunctional crosslinks,junctions or tie *** these characteristics,hydrogels exhibit compatibility with biological systems,and can be synthesized to render systems that swell or collapse in response to external *** versatility and compatibility have led to better understanding of how the hydrogel’s molecular architecture will affect their physicochemical,mechanical and biological *** present a critical summary of the main methods to synthesize hydrogels,which define their architecture,and advanced structural characteristics for macromolecular/biological applications.

关键词： hydrogels networks mesh size hydrogel reactions biological applications biomedical applications

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