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暗褐脉柄牛肝菌子实体多糖的分离纯化、结构表征及体外降血糖活性

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食品科学 2024年第8期45卷 55-62页

作者：潘章超张人谕黎欢昶曾念开王勇热带药物创新与转化教育部工程研究中心人机智能协同肿瘤精准诊疗国际联合研究中心海南省热带药用植物研究开发重点实验室海南医学院药学院海南海口571199

为研究暗褐脉柄牛肝菌多糖的结构特性及生物活性,本研究以暗褐脉柄牛肝菌子实体为研究对象,采用水提醇沉法制备粗多糖,Sevag试剂脱蛋白,大孔吸附树脂脱色,DEAE-52纤维素柱色谱分离,丙烯葡聚糖凝胶S-400HR纯化制备均一多糖。采用高效凝... 详细信息

为研究暗褐脉柄牛肝菌多糖的结构特性及生物活性,本研究以暗褐脉柄牛肝菌子实体为研究对象,采用水提醇沉法制备粗多糖,Sevag试剂脱蛋白,大孔吸附树脂脱色,DEAE-52纤维素柱色谱分离,丙烯葡聚糖凝胶S-400HR纯化制备均一多糖。采用高效凝胶渗透法测定分子质量、PMP柱前衍生法结合高效液相色谱测定单糖组成、紫外光谱分析是否含蛋白或核酸、红外光谱分析官能团种类、核磁共振波谱初步分析多糖的结构,扫描电子显微镜观察多糖的形貌。利用α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制实验筛选出活性较好的多糖组分并进一步研究其酶动力学,初步阐明暗褐脉柄牛肝菌多糖的体外降血糖作用机制和类型。结果表明,筛选的4种大孔树脂(HP 2MGL、HP 20、SP 850、SP 825)中,SP 825大孔树脂综合脱色效果最好;活性组分(PPP-0)重均分子质量为31 059 Da,含有α和β构型糖苷键,是一种由半乳糖Gal、葡萄糖Glc、岩藻糖Fuc、甘露糖Man组成的杂多糖;体外降血糖活性实验表明粗多糖和3种均一多糖组分均对α-葡萄糖苷酶有抑制作用,其中PPP-2抑制率最高,PPP-0次之,且在酶动力学上属于竞争性可逆抑制。本研究可为暗褐脉柄牛肝菌多糖在降血糖相关功能食品和药品方面的开发提供理论依据。

关键词：暗褐脉柄牛肝菌多糖分离纯化结构表征降血糖活性

清华大学核研院研制5 MW低温核供热试验堆与10 MW高温气冷实验堆的工程技术创新

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工程研究（跨学科视野中的工程） 2024年第3期16卷 354-363页

作者：游战洪刘年凯清华大学科技史暨古文献研究所北京100084 清华大学科学史系北京100084

清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院(简称核研院)先后在1989年和2000年建成了5 MW低温核供热试验堆与10 MW高温气冷实验堆。在建堆过程中,清华大学核研院坚持设计创新与工具创新、工艺创新、工序创新密切结合,完成了一系列关键设备和零部... 详细信息

清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院(简称核研院)先后在1989年和2000年建成了5 MW低温核供热试验堆与10 MW高温气冷实验堆。在建堆过程中,清华大学核研院坚持设计创新与工具创新、工艺创新、工序创新密切结合,完成了一系列关键设备和零部件的制造与安装,使得整个工程项目顺利完工。在工程史研究中,技术工人做出的创新贡献并未引起学术界足够重视。本文表明,技术工人在工具、工艺、工序、制造与安装阶段的技术创新,亦是工程创新的重要保证。

关键词：清华大学核研院 5 MW低温核供热试验堆 10 MW高温气冷实验堆工程技术创新

俯卧位通气患者眼部并发症护理的最佳证据总结

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中华护理杂志 2024年第8期59卷 987-995页

作者：郭凡王敏顾肖周英凤蒋玲黄琴程念开陈怡雷苏州市立医院重症医学科苏州市215002 苏州市立医院护理部苏州市215002 复旦大学护理学院

目的检索、评价并整合ICU俯卧位通气患者眼部并发症护理的相关证据,为临床实践提供参考。方法系统检索国内外相关指南网站、专业协会网站及BMJ Best Practice、UpToDate、Cochrane Library、澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所(Joanna Briggs... 详细信息

目的检索、评价并整合ICU俯卧位通气患者眼部并发症护理的相关证据,为临床实践提供参考。方法系统检索国内外相关指南网站、专业协会网站及BMJ Best Practice、UpToDate、Cochrane Library、澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所(Joanna Briggs Institute,JBI)循证卫生保健中心数据库、PubMed、Web of Science、Science Direct、Embase、中国知网、万方数据库等关于ICU俯卧位通气患者眼部并发症护理的证据,文献类型包括临床实践指南、临床决策、证据总结、专家共识、团体标准、系统评价和范围审查,检索时限为2013年1月—2023年6月。指南由4名研究者独立进行质量评价,其余文献由2名研究者独立评价,对符合要求的文献提取证据并分级。结果共纳入文献15篇,包括6篇指南、2篇临床决策、2篇证据总结、3篇系统评价、1篇范围审查和1篇团体标准,从组织与培训、风险识别、眼部评估、眼部保护、体位管理、定期观察6个方面共总结了16条证据。结论该研究总结了ICU俯卧位通气患者眼部并发症护理的最佳证据,ICU医护人员应结合临床情境,选择有针对性的证据对俯卧位患者进行眼部保护,从而降低眼部并发症的发生率,提高患者生存质量。

关键词：重症监护室俯卧位眼部并发症预防循证护理学

Internal Short Circuit Detection for Parallel-Connected Battery Cells Using Convolutional Neural Network

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Automotive Innovation 2022年第2期5卷 107-120页

作者： niankai Yang Ziyou Song Mohammad Reza Amini Heath Hofmann Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117575Singapore Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA

Reliable and timely detection of an internal short circuit(ISC)in lithium-ion batteries is important to ensure safe and efficient *** paper investigates ISC detection of parallel-connected battery cells by considering cell non-uniformity and sensor limitation(i.e.,no independent current sensors for individual cells in a parallel string).To characterize ISC-related signatures in battery string responses,an electro-thermal model of parallel-connected battery cells is first established that explicitly captures *** analyzing the data generated from the electro-thermal model,the distribution of surface tem-perature among individual cells within the battery string is identified as an indicator for ISC detection under the constraints of sensor limitations.A convolutional neural network(CNN)is then designed to estimate the ISC resistance by using the cell surface temperature and the total capacity of the string as *** on the estimated ISC resistance from CNN,the strings are classified as faulty or non-faulty to guide the examination or replacement of the *** algorithm is evaluated in the presence of signal noises in terms of accuracy,false alarm rate,and missed detection rate,verifying the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach.

关键词： Internal short circuit Parallel-connected battery cells Convolutional neural network Cell temperature distribution

Skull ethnic classification by combining skull auxiliary image with deep learning

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Quantitative Biology 2022年第4期10卷 381-389页

作者： Huijie Sun Junli Zhao Chengyuan Wang Yi Li niankai Zhang Mingquan Zhou College of Computer Science and Technology Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China Engineering Research Center of Virtual Reality and Applications Ministry of EducationBeijing 100875China

Background:China is a multi-ethnic *** is of great significance for the skull identification to realize the skull ethnic classification through computers,which can promote the development of forensic anthropology and accelerate the exploration of national ***:In this paper,the 3D skull model is transformed into 2D auxiliary image including curvature,depth and elevation information,and then the deep learning method of the 2D auxiliary image is used for ethnic *** construct a convolution neural network structure inspired by VGGNet16 which has achieved excellent performance on image *** order to optimize the network,Adam algorithm is adopted to avoid falling into local minimum,and to ensure the stability of the algorithm with regularization ***:Experiments on 400 skull models have been conducted for ethnic classification by our *** set different learning rates to compare the performance of the model,the highest accuracy of ethnic classification is 98.75%,which have better performance than other five classical neural network ***:Deep learning based on skull auxiliary image for skull ethnic classification is an automatic and effective method with great application significance.

关键词： skull auxiliary image deep learning skull ethnic classification convolutional neural network

海南热带雨林国家公园优先保护物种名录及其在国家公园管理中的应用

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国家公园（中英文） 2024年第1期2卷 43-49,50-55页

作者：肖繁荣梁伟严岳鸿曾念开郝馨汪继超海南师范大学生命科学学院热带岛屿生态学教育部重点实验室海南省热带动植物生态学重点实验室海口571158 国家林草局深圳市兰科植物保护与利用重点实验室深圳市兰科植物保护研究中心深圳518114 海南大学热带农林学院(农业农村学院、乡村振兴学院) 儋州571737 海南国家公园研究院海口571100

海南热带雨林国家公园是全国首批唯一地处热带且生物多样最高的国家公园。生物多样性保护是国家公园建设的重要任务,海南热带雨林国家公园极其丰富的物种为保护工作带来了机遇和挑战。确定生物多样性保护的优先性是在生物多样性资源分... 详细信息

海南热带雨林国家公园是全国首批唯一地处热带且生物多样最高的国家公园。生物多样性保护是国家公园建设的重要任务,海南热带雨林国家公园极其丰富的物种为保护工作带来了机遇和挑战。确定生物多样性保护的优先性是在生物多样性资源分布不均、受胁程度不同以及人力、物力有限的情况下缓解当前生物多样性丧失的有效手段。为有序地开展生物多样性保护和推动国家公园建设,海南热带雨林国家公园在全国率先开展优先保护物种名录遴选工作,拟定了包含脊椎动物、植物和大型真菌在内的《海南热带雨林国家公园优先保护物种名录》。研究总结名录的遴选方法与结果,阐明名录对国家公园建设和生物多样性保护的重要作用,为我国的国家公园建设提供海南样本。

关键词：国家公园生物多样性保护优先保护热带雨林

Simulation of two-dimensional interior ballistics model of solid propellant electrothermal-chem ical launch with discharge rod plasma generator

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2017年第4期13卷 249-256页

作者： Yan-jie Ni Yong Jin niankai Cheng Chun-xia Yang Hai-yuan Li Bao-ming Li National Key Laboratory of Transient Physics Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 Jiangsu China China Academy of Ordnance 100089 Beijing China

Instead of the capillary plasma generator(CPG),a discharge rod plasma generator(DRPG)is used in the30 mm electrothermal-chemical(ETC)gun to improve the ignition uniformity of the solid *** axisymmetric two-dimensional interior ballistics model of the solid propellant ETC gun(2D-IB-SPETCG)is presented to describe the process of the ETC *** calculated pressure and projectile muzzle velocity accord well with the experimental *** feasibility of the 2D-IB-SPETCG model is *** on the experimental data and initial parameters,detailed distribution of the ballistics parameters can be *** the distribution of pressure and temperature of the gas phase and the propellant,the influence of plasma during the ignition process can be *** of the radial flowing plasma,the propellant in the area of the DRPG is ignited within 0.01 ms,while all propellant in the chamber is ignited within 0.09 *** radial ignition delay time is much less than the axial delay *** the ignition process,the radial pressure difference is less than 5 MPa at the place 0.025 m away from the *** radial ignition uniformity is *** temperature of the gas increases from several thousand K(conventional ignition)to several ten thousand K(plasma ignition).Compare the distribution of the density and temperature of the gas,we know that low density and high temperature gas appears near the exits of the DRPG,while high density and low temperature gas appears at the wall near the *** simulation of the 2D-IB-SPETCG model is an effective way to investigate the interior ballistics process of the ETC *** 2D-IB-SPETC model can be used for prediction and improvement of experiments.

关键词： Electrothermal-chemical launch Interior ballistics simulation Two-phase flow Two-dimensional model

Endoscopic anatomical study on anterior communicating artery aneurysm surgery by endonasal transphenoidal approach

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Chinese Neurosurgical Journal 2016年第4期2卷 187-193页

作者： Junwei Ma Zhimin Wang niankai Zhang Shengshan Li Dongyi Jiang Hanchun Chen Department of Neurosurgery Suzhou Kowloon Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University Suzhou 266021 China Department of Otolaryngology Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical Colledge Qingdao 266003China Department of Neurosurgery Chinese Medicine Hospital of GaomiGaomi 261500 China

Endonasal transphenoidal approach by neuroendoscopy has its own advantage, such as direct access, invasive, better visualization of the anterior communicating artery aneurysm and so on. The study is to provide anatomical knowledge for anterior communicating artery aneurysm surgery by endonasal transphenoidal approach with neuroendoscopy. Take 10 skull base specimens, observe and measure the anatomical structures around anterior communicating artery. Take 10 cadaveric heads, simulate the anterior communicating artery aneurysm surgery with neuroendoscopy by endonasal transphenoidal approach. Find the natural opening of sphenoid sinus, then open the skull base, expand bone window in anterior skull base. After that, cut off the dura, find the optic nerve, optic chiasm, cisterna lamina terminalis, anterior cerebral artery, a portion of frontal lobe, anterior communicating artery complex and its important branches, such as heubner artery, hypothalamic artery, orbitofrontal artery and so on. Lift up anterior communicating artery complex and seperate arachnoid in cisterna lamina terminalis, the lamina terminalis is exposed. Block bilateral A1 of anterior cerebral artery with aneurysm clip, the anterior communicating artery complex and its important branches are in view, so we can clip anterior communicating artery aneurysm safely. Anterior communicating artery aneurysm surgery can be finished with neuroendoscopy by endonasal transphenoidal approach. The vital structures can be clearly observed with neuroendoscopy. The rhombus anatomic region formed by bilateral olfactory nerve and optic nerve is a safe surgical area. According to the calculation, the safe surgical area is about 161.48 ± 12.78 mm2. Measure the distance between the important anatomic structures in the rhombus anatomic region. By means of SPSS 17 Statistical analysis software, the measuring distance is expressed with (x ± S)mm. The anterior communicating aneurysm surgery by endonasal transphenoidal approach wi

关键词： Endoscope Anterior communicating artery Cerebral aneurysm Anatomy

Asymmetric Sulfa-Michael Addition to α-Substituted Vinyl Ketones Catalyzed by Chiral Primary Amine

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Asymmetric Sulfa-Michael Addition to α-Substituted Vinyl Ke...