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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2022年第1期5卷 60-66页

作者： Nathan Black David Edwards niall browne Joseph G.M.Guy Niyorjyoti Sharma Kristina M・Holsgrove Aaron B.Naden Raymond G.P.McQuaid Brian J.Rodriguez Amit Kumar School of Maths and Physics Queen's University BelfastBelfast BT7 INNUK School of Chemistry University of St.AndrewsSt Andrews KY169STUK School of Physics University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland

The realization of a mixed-phase microstructure in strained BiFeO_(3)(BFO)thin films has led to numerous novel effects derived from the coexistence of the tetragonal-like monoclinic phase(T phase)and rhombohedral-like monoclinic phase(R phase).Strong strain and polarization diiferences between the phases should result in a high level of transformation plasticity,which enables the continuous alteration of the relative proportion of R and T states in response to external *** the potential for utilizing such plasticity to control mixed-phase populations under external stimuli is evident,direct experi・mental evidence backed by equilibrium predictions has not yet been fully *** we demonstrate deterministic control of mixed-phase populations in an epitaxially strained BFO thin film through the application of localized stresses and electric fields in a reversible manne匚The results illustrate and rationalize deterministic control of mixed phases in strained BFO films,which could be crucial in tuning their functional *** findings also highlight a new multiparametric technique in the scanning probe lithography toolbox based on tip-assisted electric and strain field manipulation of functional properties that might find application beyond the ferroelectric domain and structural phase lithography.

关键词： Phase competition Ferroelectric Stress Lithography

Helicobacter pylori:High dose amoxicillin does not improve primary or secondary eradication rates in an Irish cohort

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第16期12卷 2773-2779页

作者： Conor Costigan Aoife M O'Sullivan Jim O'Connell Shreyashee Sengupta Thomas Butler Stephen Molloy Fintan John O'Hara Barbara Ryan niall Breslin Sarah O'Donnell Anthony O'Connor Sinead Smith Deirdre McNamara Trinity Academic Gastroenterology Group School of Medicine-Trinity College DublinDublin D2Ireland Department of Gastroenterology Tallaght University HospitalDublin D24 NR0AIreland

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(***)eradication rates have fallen globally,likely in large part due to increasing antibiotic resistance to traditional *** areas of high clarithromycin and metronidazole resistance such as ours,Maastricht VI guidelines suggest high dose amoxicillin dual therapy(HDADT)can be considered,subject to evidence for local *** this study we assess efficacy of HDADT therapy for *** eradication in an Irish *** To assess the efficacy of HDADT therapy for *** eradication in an Irish cohort as both first line,and subsequent therapy for patients diagnosed with *** All patients testing positive for *** in a tertiary centre were treated prospectively with HDADT(amoxicillin 1 g tid and esomeprazole 40 mg bid×14 d)over a period of 8 *** was confirmed with Urea Breath Test at least 4 wk after cessation of therapy.A delta-over-baseline>4%was considered *** demographics and treatment outcomes were recorded,analysed and controlled for basic demographics and prior *** *** One hundred and ninety-eight patients were identified with *** infection,10 patients were excluded due to penicillin allergy and 38 patients refused follow up *** all 139 were included in the analysis,55%(n=76)were female,mean age was 46.6 ***,93(67%)of patients were treatment-naïve and 46(33%)had received at least one previous course of *** groups were statistically ***-reported compliance with HDADT was 97%,mild side-effects occurred in 7%.There were no serious adverse drug *** the eradication rate for our cohort was 56%(78/139).Eradication rates were worse for those with previous treatment[43%(20/46)vs 62%(58/93),P=0.0458,odds ratio=2.15].Age and Gender had no effect on eradication *** Overall eradication rates with HDADT were *** being a simple and possibly better tolerated regime,these results do not

关键词： Helicobacter pylori eradication Helicobacter pylori High dose amoxicillin High dose amoxicillin dual therapy Triple therapy

Stereotactic radiotherapy and the potential role of magnetic resonance-guided adaptive techniques for pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第7期28卷 745-754页

作者： Tai Ermongkonchai Richard Khor Vijayaragavan Muralidharan niall Tebbutt Kelvin Lim Numan Kutaiba Sweet Ping Ng Department of Radiation Oncology Olivia Newton-John Cancer Centre at Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Surgery Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Medical Oncology Olivia Newton-John Cancer Centre at Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Diagnostic Radiology Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia

BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is a malignancy with one of the poorest prognoses amongst all *** with unresectable tumours either receive palliative care or undergo various chemoradiotherapy *** techniques are often associated with acute gastrointestinal toxicities,as adjacent critical structures such as the duodenum ultimately limits delivered *** body radiotherapy(SBRT)is an advanced radiation technique that delivers highly ablative radiation split into several fractions,with a steep dose fall-off outside target *** To discuss the latest data on SBRT and whether there is a role for magnetic resonance-guided techniques in multimodal management of locally advanced,unresectable pancreatic *** We conducted a search on multiple large databases to collate the latest records on radiotherapy techniques used to treat pancreatic *** of 1229 total records retrieved from our search,36 studies were included in this *** Studies indicate that SBRT is associated with improved clinical efficacy and toxicity profiles compared to conventional radiotherapy *** dose escalation to the tumour with SBRT is limited by the poor soft-tissue visualisation of computed tomography imaging during radiation planning and treatment *** resonance-guided techniques have been introduced to improve imaging quality,enabling treatment plan adaptation and re-optimisation before delivering each *** Therefore,SBRT may lead to improved survival outcomes and safer toxicity profiles compared to conventional techniques,and the addition of magnetic resonance-guided techniques potentially allows dose escalation and conversion of unresectable tumours to operable cases.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging Pancreatic cancer Radiotherapy Stereotactic Adaptive techniques

Hybrid versus global thermostatting in molecular-dynamics simulation of methane-hydrate crystallisation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第9期27卷 2180-2188页

作者： niall J.English Mohammad Reza Ghaani School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering University College Dublin

Molecular-dynamics(MD)simulations have been performed for the growth of a spherical methane-hydrate nano-crystallite,surrounded by a supersaturated water–methane liquid phase,using both a hybrid and globalsystem thermostatting *** was found that hybrid thermostatting led to more sluggish growth and the establishment of a radial temperature profile about the spherical hydrate crystallite,in which the growing crystal phase is at a higher temperature than the surrounding liquid phase in the interfacial region,owing to latent-heat *** addition,Onsager’s-hypothesis fluctuation–dissipation analysis of fluctuations in the number of crystal-state water molecules at the interface shows slower growth.

关键词： Molecular dynamics Clathrate hydrates Crystallisation Thermostatting Radial temperature profile Fluctuation–dissipation

Magnetic ferrite/carbonized cotton fiber composites for improving electromagnetic absorption properties at gigahertz frequencies

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第27期86卷 127-138页

作者： Sateesh Bandaru Narashima Murthy Ravindra Kulkarni niall J.English School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland Scinva Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals Pvt Ltd Kumbalagodu Industrial AreaBangaloreIndia BVDU’s Poona College of Pharmacy ErandawanePuneIndia

Ferrite/carbon composited materials,especially the bio-derived composited materials possessing both environmental friendliness and outstanding microwave absorption performance,attract numerous attentions for solving the"electromagnetic problem"in the Gigahertz frequency *** this work,we demonstrate a bio-derived ferrite/carbon material by compositing functional carbonized cotton fibers(CCFs)and Fe_(3)O_(4)nanoparticles with optimized microwave-absorption *** adjusting the carbonization conditions systematically,the Fe_(3)O_(4)loading contents and the microwave absorption properties can be varied simultaneously-and,indeed,optimized and *** CCFs-Fe_(3)O_(4)composites exhibited a minimum reflection-loss capacity RL(d B)of-56.8 d B at 10.9 GHz with a thickness of 1.67 mm,and its effective absorption bandwidth(RL(d B)<-20 d B)was found to broaden to 7.1 *** characterizations,coupled with microstructure analyses,revealed that the enhancement in microwave absorption was triggered by the different microstructures of CCFs-Fe_(3)O_(4)composites-attributable to the different carbonization *** different conditions result in different amounts of Fe_(3)O_(4)attachment sites and lead to the enhancement of dielectric polarization at localized *** present work of bio-derived ferrite/carbon materials has important implications in understanding structure-performance relationships in dielectric-magnetic materials,and,meanwhile,could well be extended to a microwave-absorber design approach.

关键词： Electromagnetic absorption Bio-derived material Dielectric-magnetic composite Interfacial polarization

Viscosity of food boluses affects the axial force in the esophagus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第15期17卷 1982-1988页

作者： Flemming Gravesen niall Behan Asbjorn Drewes Hans Gregersen Mech-Sense Aalborg Hospital Hobrovej 9000 Aalborg Denmark Vysera Biomedical Ltd. BMR House Parkmore Business Park West Galway Ireland Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research Niels Jensens Vej 28000 Aarhus Denmark

AIM: To study the effect of viscosity on axial force in the esophagus during primary peristalsis using a newly validated impedance-based axial force recording technique. METHODS: A probe able to simultaneously measure both axial force and manometry was positioned above the lower esophageal sphincter. Potable tap water and three thickened fluids were used to create boluses of different viscosities. Water has a viscosity of 1 mPa·s. The three thickened fluids were made with different concentrations of Clinutren Instant thickener. The viscous fluids were in appearance comparable to pudding (2 kPa·s), yogurt (6 kPa·s) and slush ice (10 kPa·s). Six healthy volunteers swallowed 5 and 10 mL of boluses multiple times. RESULTS: The pressure amplitude did not increase with the bolus viscosity nor with the bolus volume whereas the axial force increased marginally with bolus volume (0.1 > P > 0.05). Both techniques showed that contraction duration increased with bolus viscosity (P < 0.01). Association was found between axial force and pressure but the association became weaker withincreasing viscosity. The pressure amplitude did not increase with the viscosity or bolus volume whereas the axial force increased marginally with the bolus size. CONCLUSION: This indicates a discrepancy between the physiological functions that can be recorded with axial force measurements and pressure measurements.

关键词： Axial force Manometry Esophagus Primary peristalsis Viscosity

Digital surgery for gastroenterological diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第42期27卷 7240-7246页

作者： niall Philip Hardy Ronan Ambrose Cahill UCD Centre for Precision Surgery University College DublinDublin D07 Y9AWIreland

Advances in machine learning,computer vision and artificial intelligence methods,in combination with those in processing and cloud computing capability,portend the advent of true decision support during interventions in real-time and soon perhaps in automated surgical *** capability,deployed alongside technology intraoperatively,is termed digital surgery and can be delivered without the need for high-end capital robotic *** area close to clinical usefulness right now harnesses advances in near infrared endolaparoscopy and fluorescence guidance for tissue characterisation through the use of biophysics-inspired *** represents a potential synergistic methodology for the deep learning methods currently advancing in ophthalmology,radiology,and recently gastroenterology via *** databanks of more general surgical videos are created,greater analytic insights can be derived across the operative spectrum of gastroenterological disease and operations(including instrumentation and operative step sequencing and recognition,followed over time by surgeon and instrument performance assessment)and linked to value-based ***,issues of legality,ethics and even morality need consideration,as do the limiting effects of monopolies,cartels and isolated data ***,the role of the surgeon,surgical societies and healthcare institutions in this evolving field needs active deliberation,as the default risks relegation to bystander or passive *** editorial provides insight into this accelerating field by illuminating the nearfuture and next decade evolutionary steps towards widespread clinical integration for patient and societal benefit.

关键词： Digital surgery Artificial intelligence Gastrointestinal disease Biophysics Deep learning Fluorescence-guided surgery

Quality of life issues in men undergoing androgen deprivation therapy： a review

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第2期14卷 226-231页

作者： Rowan G Casey niall M Corcoran S Larry Goldenberg University of British Columbia Department of Urologic Sciences Vancouver General HospitalVancouverBC V5Z 1M9Canada

Androgen deprivation therapy （ADT） has been an essential treatment option for treating prostate cancer （PCa）. The role for hormonal treatment initially was restricted to men with metastatic and inoperable, locally advanced disease. Now it has been extended to neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy for surgery and radiotherapy, for biochemical relapse after surgery or radiation, and even as primary therapy for non-metastatic disease. Fifty percent of PCa patients treated will receive ADT at some point. There is growing concern about the adverse effects and costs associated with more widespread ADT use. The adverse effects on quality of life （QoL）, including physical, social and psychological well-being when men are androgen-deprived, may be considerable. This review examines the QoL issues in the following areas： body feminisation, sexual changes, relationship changes, cognitive and affective symptoms, fatigue, sleep disturbance, depression and physical effects. Further suggestions for therapeutic approaches to reduce these alterations are suFuzested.

关键词： androgen deprivation therapy men prostate cancer quality of life

Growth and differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cell(hiPSC)-derived kidney organoids using fully synthetic peptide hydrogels

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第3期21卷 142-156页

作者： niall J.Treacy Shane Clerkin Jessica L.Davis Ciar´an Kennedy Aline F.Miller Alberto Saiani Jacek K.Wychowaniec Dermot F.Brougham John Crean Diabetes Complications Research Centre University College Dublin(UCD)Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research and BelfieldDublin 4Ireland UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science BelfieldDublin 4Ireland Department of Materials&Manchester Institute of Biotechnology(MIB) School of Natural SciencesFaculty of Science and EngineeringThe University of ManchesterUK UCD School of Chemistry University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland

Human induced pluripotent stem cell(hiPSC)-derived kidney organoids have prospective applications ranging from basic disease modelling to personalised ***,there remains a necessity to refine the bio-physical and biochemical parameters that govern kidney organoid *** within fully-controllable and physiologically relevant 3D growth environments will be critical to improving organoid reproducibility and ***,we matured hiPSC-derived kidney organoids within fully synthetic self-assembling peptide hydrogels(SAPHs)of variable stiffness(storage modulus,G′).The resulting organoids con-tained complex structures comparable to those differentiated within the animal-derived matrix,***-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)was then used to compare organoids matured within SAPHs to those grown within Matrigel or at the air-liquid interface.A total of 13,179 cells were analysed,revealing 14 distinct *** compositional analysis revealed a larger proportion of nephron cell types within Transwell-derived organoids,while SAPH-derived organoids were enriched for stromal-associated cell ***,dif-ferentiation within a higher G’SAPH generated podocytes with more mature gene expression ***-tionally,maturation within a 3D microenvironment significantly reduced the derivation of off-target cell types,which are a known limitation of current kidney organoid *** work demonstrates the utility of syn-thetic peptide-based hydrogels with a defined stiffness,as a minimally complex microenvironment for the selected differentiation of kidney organoids.

关键词： Human kidney organoids Fully synthetic matrices Self-assembling peptide hydrogels Single-cell RNA sequencing

Patterning Functionalized Surfaces of 2D Materials by Nanoshaving

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2022年第1期5卷 23-31页

作者： Katie O'Neill Rob Greig Rita Tilmann Lisanne Peters Conor P.Cullen Graeme Cunningham Cian Bartlam Cormac O Coileain niall McEvoy Georg S.Duesberg School of Physics Trinity College DublinDublin 2 D02 PN40Ireland AMBER Centre CRANN InstituteTrinity College DublinDublin 2Ireland Institute of Physics EIT 2Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversitat der Bundeswehr Miinchen85579 NeubibergGermany School of Chemistry Trinity College DublinDublin 2Ireland

Atomic force microscopy(AFM)and scanning probe lithography can be used for the mechanical treatment of various surfaces,including polymers,metals,and *** technique of nanoshaving,in which materials are removed using the AFM tip,is employed in this work to produce nanopatterns of self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)on two-dimensional(2D)*** materials used are monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs),namely,MoS_(2)and WS_(2),which are noncovalently functionalized with perylene diimide(PDI),a perylene *** approach involves rastering an AFM probe across the surface at a controlled increased load in ambient *** a result of the strong bond between PDI SAM and TMD,loads in excess of 1|1N are required to pattern the *** predefined patterns,including a grating pattern with feature sizes below 250 nm,are *** indicate the high precision of nanoshaving as an accurate and nondestructive lithographic technique for 2D *** work functions of shaved heterostructures are also examined using Kelvin probe force microscopy.

关键词： Nanoshaving AFM KPFM Perylene diimide 2D materials MoS_(2) WS_(2) Noncovalent functionalization