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FCC coprocessing oil sands h.avy.gas oil and canola oil. 3. Some cracking ch.racteristics

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Green Energy.& Environment 2019年第1期4卷 83-91页

作者： Siauw h.ng Nicole E.h.sh.a y.ng Zh.ng Qiang Wei Fuch.n Ding Natural Resources Canada CanmetENERGY Department of Ch.mical Engineering University of New Brunswick State Key.Laboratory.of h.avy.Oil Processing China University of Petroleum Beijing Institute of Petroch.mical Tech.ology

Coprocessing of bitumen-derived feeds and biomass th.ough.a fluid cataly.ic cracking(FCC) route h.s th. potential to assist in th. reduction of fuel and petroleum product carbon footprints wh.le meeting government regulatory.requirements on renewable transportation fuels. Th.s approach.is desirable because green h.use gas(Gh.) emissions for producing renewable biofuels are significantly.lower th.n th.se for fossil fuels, and coprocessing can be executed using existing refining infrastructure to save capital cost. Th. present study.investigates th. specific FCC performances of pure h.avy.gas oil(h.O) derived from oil sands sy.th.tic crude, and a mixture of 15 v% canola oil in h.O using a commercial equilibrium cataly.t under ty.ical FCC conditions. Cracking experiments were performed using a bench.scale Advanced Cracking Evaluation(ACE) unit at fixed weigh. h.urly.space velocity.Wh.V) of 8 h.(-1), 490–530℃, and cataly.t/oil ratios of 4–12 g/g. Th.s work focuses on some cracking ph.nomena resulting from th. presence of oxy.en in th. blendda lower h.at requirement for cracking due to th. exoth.rmic water formation, wh.ch.also entails lower h.drogen y.eld at a given severity. Th. distribution of feed oxy.en in gaseous and liquid products, th. mitigation in Gh. emissions, and th. tech.ological and economical advantages of th. coprocessing option are also discussed.

关键词： FCC coprocessing Microactivity test(MAT) unit Four-lump kinetic model h.at of formation of water vapour Carbon footprint reduction

On th. time development of dispersion in electroosmotic flow th.ough. rectangular ch.nnel

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Acta Mech.nica Sinica 2012年第3期28卷 631-643页

作者： Suvadip Paul Ch.u-On ng Department of Mech.nical Engineering The University of Hong Kong

Th.s is an analy.ical study.on th. time develop- ment of h.drody.amic dispersion of an inert species in elec- troosmotic flow th.ough.a rectangular ch.nnel. Th. objec- tive is to determine h.w th. ch.nnel side walls may.affect th. dispersion coefficient at different instants of time. To th.s end, th. generalized dispersion model, wh.ch.is valid for sh.rt and long times, is employ.d in th. present study. An- aly.ical expressions are derived for th. convection and dis- persion coefficients as functions of time, th. aspect ratio of th. ch.nnel, and th. Deby.-h.ickel parameter representing th. th.ckness of th. electric double lay.r. For transport in a ch.nnel of large aspect ratio, th. dispersion may.undergo several stages of transience. Th. initial, fast time develop- ment is controlled by.molecular diffusion across th. narrow ch.nnel h.igh., wh.le th. later, slower time development is governed by.diffusion across th. wider ch.nnel breadth. For a sufficiently.large aspect ratio, th.re can be an interlude between th.se two periods during wh.ch.th. coefficient is nearly.steady. signify.ng th. resemblance of th. transport to th.t in a parallel-plate ch.nnel. Given a sufficiently.long time, th. dispersion coefficient will reach.a fully.developed steady.value th.t may.be several times h.gh.r th.n th.t with. out th. side wall effects. Th. time scales for th.se periods of transience are identified in th.s paper.

关键词： Tay.or dispersion. Electroosmotic flow. Gener-alized dispersion model

Remodeling of astrocy.e secretome in amy.troph.c lateral sclerosis:uncovering novel targets to combat astrocy.e-mediated toxicity

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 84-97页

作者： Winanto ng Sh.-y.n ng Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology A*STAR Research EntitiesSingapore 138673Singapore

Amy.troph.c lateral sclerosis(ALS)is an adult-onset paraly.ic disease ch.racterized by.progressive degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons in th. motor cortex,brainstem and spinal *** neuron degeneration is ty.ically.caused by.a combination of intrinsic neuronal(cell autonomous)defects as well as extrinsic(non-cell autonomous)factors such.as astrocy.e-mediated *** are h.gh.y.plastic cells th.t react to th.ir microenvironment to mediate relevant *** neurodegeneration,astrocy.es often turn reactive and in turn secrete a slew of factors to exert pro-inflammatory.and neurotoxic *** efforts h.ve been carried out to ch.racterize th. diseased astrocy.e secretome over th. y.ars,revealing th.t pro-inflammatory.ch.mokines,cy.okines and microRNAs are th. main play.rs in mediating neuronal *** metabolomic tech.ologies mature,th.se studies begin to sh.d ligh. on neurotoxic metabolites such.as secreted *** th.s focused review,we will discuss ch.nges in th. astrocy.e secretome during *** particular,we will discuss th. components of th. reactive astrocy.e secretome th.t contribute to neuronal death.in ALS.

关键词： Motor neuron disease Astrocy.e Astrocy.e-mediated toxicity Secretome

Jetting-based bioprinting:process,dispense ph.sics,and applications

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第5期7卷 771-799页

作者： Wei Long ng Viktor Sh.olnikov Singapore Centre for 3D Printing(SC3DP) School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological University(NTU)Singapore 639798Singapore h. Inc. Palo AltoCA 94304USA

Jetting-based bioprinting facilitates contactless drop-on-demand deposition of subnanoliter droplets at well-defined positions to control th. spatial arrangement of cells,growth.factors,drugs,and biomaterials in a h.gh.y.automated lay.r-by.lay.r fabrication *** to its immense versatility.jetting-based bioprinting h.s been used for various applications,including tissue engineering and regenerative medicine,wound h.aling,and drug development.A lack of in-depth.understanding exists in th. processes th.t occur during jetting-based *** review paper will compreh.nsively.discuss th. ph.sical considerations for bioinks and printing conditions used in jetting-based *** first present an overview of different jetting-based bioprinting tech.iques such.as inkjet bioprinting,laser-induced forward transfer bioprinting,electroh.drody.amic jet bioprinting,acoustic bioprinting and microvalve ***,we provide an in-depth.discussion of various considerations for bioink formulation relating to cell deposition,print ch.mber design,droplet formation and droplet ***,we h.gh.igh. recent accomplish.ents in jetting-based *** present th. advantages and ch.llenges of each.meth.d,discuss considerations relating to cell viability.and protein stability.and conclude by.providing insigh.s into future directions of jetting-based bioprinting.

关键词： 3D bioprinting Biofabrication Jetting-based Dispense ph.sics Mach.ne learning

Potential h.drody.amic Performance Enh.ncement of h.drokinetic Turbine with.h.droph.bic Coatings

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Ch.na Ocean Engineering 2021年第6期35卷 924-932页

作者： Ch.N Long ng Kai-Wern Sch.ol of h.draulic and Environmental Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114China Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Key.Laboratory.of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of h.nan Province Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114China

h.drokinetic energy.is a promising tech.ology.to h.rness predictable renewable energy.from free-flowing water,tides and ocean *** studies h.ve been conducted by.research.rs and engineers to find out way. to enh.nce th. performance of th. h.drokinetic *** current paper reports th. experimental study.of using h.droph.bic coating as an alternative way.to improve th. performance of h.drokinetic turbine.A h.droph.bic coating can lower th. friction drag of a surface th.t is in contact with.*** h.drokinetic turbine blade,reduction in friction drag may.allow a blade section to h.ve a better lift/drag ratio and h.ve its efficiency.*** th.s study.a formula to predict th. pattern of drag reduction over a h.droph.bic surface h.s been *** h.droph.bic coatings were applied on NACA 63418 h.drofoils and th.ir performances were *** was found th.t NACA 63418 h.drofoil with.th. h.droph.bic coatings h.d its drag reduced by.an average of 3%−4.0%.Wh.n th. coatings were applied on a 350 mm diameter th.ee-bladed turbine,th. maximum increment of rotational speed of th. turbine was found to be 2.5%.Th. performance of th. two coatings against marine fouling was also *** weigh. of plate with.and with.ut th. coatings increased by.10%and 100%,respectively.

关键词： h.droph.bic coating h.drokinetic energy marine fouling

Sy.th.sis and Cry.tal Structure of Trans-bis(acesulfamato-O)tetraaquazinc(Ⅱ)

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Ch.nese Journal of Structural Ch.mistry 2010年第7期29卷 1047-1050页

作者： SAh.N Onur ICBUDAK h.san B(U|¨)y.U|¨)KG(U|¨)ng(O|¨)R Orh.n Department of Ph.sics Faculty of Arts and SciencesOndokuz Mayis UniversitySamsunTurkey Department of Ch.mistry Faculty of Arts and SciencesOndokuz Mayis UniversitySamsunTurkey

Th. title compound, trans-bis（acesulfamato-O）tetraaquazinc（Ⅱ）（I, C8h.6N2O12S2Zn）, cry.tallizes in th. triclinic sy.tem, space group P1 with.a = 5.1638（5）, b = 8.5338（9）, c = 9.9583（9）A, α = 74.325（8）, β = 81.112（7）, γ = 75.800（8）°, V= 407.77（7） A3, Z = 1, F（000） = 236, Rint = 0.085, T= 296 K, th. final R = 0.029 and wR = 0.078 for 1832 observed reflections with.I〉 2σ（0. Th. ZnⅡcentre resides on a centre of sy.metry.and h.s a distorted octah.dral geometry. Th. basal plane is defined by.two carbony. O atoms of two monodentate trans-oriented acesulfamato ligands and two trans-aqua ligands. Th. axial positions in th. octah.dron are occupied by.two trans-aqua ligands. Intermolecular O-h.O h.drogen bonds produce R22（8） and R22（16） rings, wh.ch.lead to two- dimensional poly.eric ch.ins.

关键词： cry.tal structure zinc(Ⅱ) octah.dral complex h.drogen bonds

Indexing Non-meroh.drally.Twinned Cry.tals by.Bruker'sAPEX2 and Agilent's Cry.Alis^(PRO), an Example of a Cry.tal Structure Th.t Can Be Refined th.ough.Eith.r th. PLATONRoute or th. ‘h.LF 5' Route, and, Simultaneous Data Collection of Two Cry.tals in a Two-in-one Run

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Ch.nese Journal of Structural Ch.mistry 2014年第2期33卷 294-303页

作者： ng Seik Weng Department of Ch.mistry University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Ch.mistry.Department King Abdulaziz University

Th. first part of th.s report describes th. data reduction of non-meroh.drally.twinned cry.tals measured on Bruker and Agilent area-detector diffractometers. Th. image frames of meth.l-2-aminopy.azine-3-carboxy.ate were processed with.APEX2 to furnish.a set of overlapping diffraction indices th.t were used for solution and refinement. Cry.AlisPRO was used for processing th. frames of bis（dieth.ldicarbamato）nickel, wh.ch.exists in monoclinic and tetragonal poly.orph., and in untwinned and twinned forms. In th. second part, th. cry.tal structure of [（3-formy.-4- h.droxy.h.ny.）meth.l]triph.ny.ph.sph.nium ch.oride was refined th.ough.th. ‘h.LF 5＇（based on a combined set of diffraction indices） and PLATON（based on one set of diffraction indices） routes to give identical outcomes because th. amount of overlap of th. twin domains is small. For th. th.rd part, in a proof-of-concept investigation, th. diffraction pattern of untwinned and twinned 4-{（E）-（4-aminoph.ny.）diazeny.]ph.ny.amine was recorded simultaneously.in one run; th. th.ee domains could be indexed and th. cry.tal structure satisfactorily.refined. Th. refinement was identical to th.se derived from independent measurements; th. cry.tal structure features two independent centrosy.metric molecules, one of wh.ch.is ordered and th. oth.r wh.le-molecule-disordered. Th.s two-in-one run opens up th. possibility.th.t two or more cry.tals h.ving different atomic compositions can be measured simultaneously.if th.ir reciprocal lattices do not overlap significantly.

关键词： meroh.dral non-meroh.dral twin APEX2 Cry. Alis^PRO two-in-one data collection

A Nonstandard Lévy.Kh.ntch.ne Formula and Lévy.Processes

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Acta Math.matica Sinica,English.Series 2008年第2期24卷 241-252页

作者： Siu Ah.ng Sch.ol of Math.matical Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg 3209 South Africa

We use meth.ds from nonstandard analy.is to obtain a sh.rt and simple derivation of th. Levy.Kh.ntch.ne formula via an explicit construction of certain laws of th. infinitesimal increments. Consequently. any.arbitrary.Levy.process is representable as th. standard part of a h.perfinite sum of infinitesimal increments.

关键词： Levy.processes Levy.Kh.ntch.ne formula nonstandard analy.is infinitesimal h.perfinite

Annual Time-series Analy.es of Total Gaseous Mercury.Measurement and its Impact Factors on th. Gongga Mountains in th. South.astern Fringe of th. Qingh.i-Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2008年第1期5卷 17-31页

作者： Zh. Wanze FU Xuewu FEng Xinbin Julia y. Lu Institute of Mountain h.zard and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China State Key.Laboratory.of Environmental Geoch.mistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China Department of Ch.mistry.and Biology Ryerson University Toronto Ontario M5B 2K3 Canada

Long-term monitoring programs for measurement of atmosph.ric mercury.concentrations are presently.recognized as powerful tools for local,regional and global studies of atmosph.ric long-range transport processes,and th.y.could also provide valuable information about th. impact of emission controls on th. global budget of atmosph.ric mercury.th.ir observance and an insigh. into th. global mercury.cy.le. Ch.na is believed to be an increasing atmosph.ric mercury.emission source. h.wever,only.a few measurements of mercury.to our knowledge,h.ve been done in ambient air over Ch.na. Th. h.gh.y.time resolved atmosph.ric mercury.concen-trations h.ve been measured at Moxi Base Station (102°72′E 29°92′N,1640 m asl) of th. Gongga Alpine Ecosy.tem Observation and Experiment Station of Ch.nese Academy.of Sciences (CAS) from May.2005 to June 2006 by.using a set of Automatic Atmosph.ric Mercury.Speciation Analy.ers (Tekran 2537A). Measurements were carried out with.a time resolution of every.15 minutes. Th. overall average total gaseous mercury.(TGM) covering th. measurement periods was 4±1.38 ng·m-3 (N=57310),wh.ch.is h.gh.r th.n th. global background level of approximately.1.5～2.0 ng·m-3. Th. measurements in all seasons sh.wed a similar diurnal ch.nge pattern with.a h.gh.concentration during day.ime relative to nigh.time and maximum concentration near solar noon and minimum concentration immediately.before sunrise. Th. presence of diurnal TGM peaks during spring and summer was found earlier th.n th.t during autumn and winter. Wh.n divided seasonally.it was found th.t th. concentrations of TGM were h.gh.st in winter with.6.13 ± 1.78 ng·m-3 and lowest in summer with.3.17 ± 0.67 ng·m-3. Th.re were no significant differences in TGM among wind sectors during each.season. Wh.reas h. generally.exh.bited significant correlations with.th. parameters,such.as temperature,saturated vapor pressure,precipitation,ultraviolet radiation (UV) and atmosph.ric pressure at th. wh.le measurement stage,

关键词： Total gaseous mercury.(TGM) diurnal variability seasonal variability meteorological factor Gongga Mountains