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Cancer chemoprevention by phytochemicals:potential molecular targets,biomarkers and animal models

Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2007年第9期28卷 1409-1421页

作者： Ki Han KWON Avantika BARVe Siwang Yu Mou-Tuan HUAng Ah-ng Tony KOng Center for Cancer Prevention Research Department of Pharmaceutics Center for Cancer Prevention Research Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science Center for Cancer Prevention Research Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research Center for Cancer Prevention Research Department of Pharmaceutics Department of Chemical Biology Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy RutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJ 08854USA

Recent studies have strongly indicated that certain daily-consumed dietaryphytochemicals could have cancer protective effects against transgenic mice can-cer models and cancers mediated by carcinogens,irradiations and carcinogenicmetabolites derived from exogenous or endogenous *** cancer-protec-tive effects elicited by these dietary compounds are believed to be due at least inpart to the induction of cellular defense systems including the detoxifying andantioxidant enzymes system,as well as the inhibition of anti-inflammatory andanti-cell growth signaling pathways culminating in cell cycle arrest and/or cell-death,in this review,we summarize the potential mechanisms including the modu-lation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kB),cyclooxygenases-2 (COX-2),activatorprotein-1 (AP-1),mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and the inductionof phase Ⅱ cellular detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes mediated mainly by theantioxidant response elements (ARe) within the promoter regions of these genesthrough nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nff2),a member of the Cap‘n’collar (CNC) family of the basic region-leucine zipper transcription ***,we also review several animal models of carcinogenesis and cancerchemopreventive efficacy studies of these animal models using dietarychemopreventive ***,we discuss the cellular signaling cascadesmediated by Nrf2,NF-kB,AP-1,MAPKs and COX-2,which have been consideredto play pivotal roles in tumor initiation,promotion and progression processes,and could be promising molecular targets for the design of drugs targeting cancerprevention and therapy.

关键词： chemoprevention dietary cancer chemopreventive compounds nuclear factor e2related factor 2 nuclear factor-kappaB activator protein-l mitogen-activated protein kinases

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Cutting CO_(2)emissions through demand side regulation:Implications from multi-regional input-output linear programming model

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Frontiers of engineering Management 2022年第3期9卷 452-461页

作者： Nan LIU Jidong KAng Tsan Sheng ng Bin SU School of Management Tianjin Normal UniversityTianjin 300387China energy Studies Institute National University of SingaporeSingapore 119620Singapore Department of Industrial&Systems engineering and Management National University of SingaporeSingapore 117576Singapore

This study combines multi-regional inputoutput(MRIO)model with linear programming(LP)model to explore economic structure adjustment strategies for the reduction of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions.A particular feature of this study is the identification of the optimal regulation sequence of final products in various regions to reduce CO_(2)emissions with the minimum loss in gross domestic product(GDP).By using China's MRIO tables 2017 with 28 regions and 42 economic sectors,results show that reduction in final demand leads to simultaneous reductions in GDP and CO_(2)***,certain demand side regulation strategy can be adopted to lower CO_(2)emissions at the smallest loss of economic *** key final products,such as metallurgy,nonmetal,metal,and chemical products,should first be regulated to reduce CO_(2)emissions at the minimum loss in *** of these key products concentrate in the coastal developed regions in *** proposed MRIO-LP model considers the inter-relationship among various sectors and regions,and can aid policy makers in designing effective policy for industrial structure adjustment at the regional level to achieve the national environmental and economic targets.

关键词： CO_(2)emissions demand side regulation multi-regional input-output model linear programming model

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Insect transmission of plant viruses： Multilayered interactions optimize viral propagation

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Insect Science 2017年第6期24卷 929-946页

作者： Beatriz Dader Chrstiane Then edwige Berthelot Marie Ducousso James C. K. ng Martin Drucker INRA UMR 385 BGPI (CIRAD-INRA-SupAgroM) Montpellier France Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology and Center for Disease Vector Research University of California Riverside USA

By serving as vectors of transmission, insects play a key role in the infection cycle of many plant viruses. Viruses use sophisticated transmission strategies to overcome the spatial barrier separating plants and the impediment imposed by the plant cell wall. Interactions among insect vectors, viruses, and host plants mediate transmission by integrating all organizational levels, from molecules to populations. Best-examined on the molecular scale are two basic transmission modes wherein virus-vector interactions have been well characterized. Whereas association of virus particles with specific sites in the vector＇s mouthparts or in alimentary tract regions immediately posterior to them is required for noncirculative transmission, the cycle of particles through the vector body is necessary for circulative transmission. Virus transmission is also determined by interactions that are associated with changes in vector feeding behaviors and with alterations in plant host＇s morphology and/or metabolism that favor the attraction or deterrence of vectors. A recent concept in virus-host-vector interactions proposes that when vectors land on infected plants, vector elicitors and effectors ＂inform＂ the plants of the confluence of interacting entities and trigger signaling pathways and plant defenses. Simultaneously, the plant responses may also influence virus acquisition and inoculation by vectors. Over- all, a picture is emerging where transmission depends on multilayered virus-vector-host interactions that define the route of a virus through the vector, and on the manipulation of the host and the vector. These interactions guarantee virus propagation until one or more of the interactants undergo changes through evolution or are halted by environmental interventions.

关键词： arbovirus defense host plant insect vector interactions plant virus transmission

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Phase Ⅰ/Ⅱ randomized controlled trial of autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell therapy for chronic stroke

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2017年第8期9卷 133-143页

作者： Kam Sze Tsang Chi Ping Stephanie ng Xian Lun Zhu George Kwok Chu Wong Gang Lu Anil Tejbhan Ahuja Ka Sing Lawrence Wong Ho Keung ng Wai Sang Poon Department of Surgery the Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology the Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology the Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Medicine and Therapeutics the Chinese University of Hong Kong

AIM To examine the safety and efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell(MSC) therapy for intracerebral haemorrhage with neurological dysfunctions for a *** MSC were ex vivo expanded from 29 mL(17-42 mL) autologous bone marrow. Patients were randomized to have two intravenous injections of autologous MSC or placebos in four weeks apart. Neurological functions and clinical outcomes were monitored before treatment and at 12^(th), 16^(th), 24^(th), 36^(th) and 60^(th) week upon completion of^(th)e treatment. ReSULTS A mean of 4.57 × 10~7(range: 1.43 × 10~7-8.40 × 10~7) MSC per infusion was administered accounting to 8.54 × 10~5(2.65 × 10~5-1.45 × 10~6) per kilogram body weight in two occasions. There was neither adverse event at time of administration nor sign of de novo tumour development among patients after monitoring for a year post MSC therapy. Neuro-restoration and clinical improvement in terms of modified Barthel index, functional independence measure and extended Glasgow Outcome Scale were evident among patients having MSC therapy compared to patients receiving placebos. CONCLUSION Intravenous administration of autologous bone marrowderived MSC is safe and has the potential of improving neurological functions in chronic stroke patients with severe disability.

关键词： Stroke Intracerebral haemorrhage Central nervous system Mesenchymal stem cells Cell therapy

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Study on Rotational effects of Modern Turbine Blade on Coolant Injecting Nozzle Position with Film Cooling and Vortex Composite Performance

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Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer 2023年第1期21卷 1-31页

作者： JiefengWang eddie Yin Kwee ng Jianwu Li Yanhao Cao Yanan Huang Liang Li School of energy and Power engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China School of Mechanical and Aerospace engineering College of EngineeringNanyang Technological University639798Singapore Shaanxi engineering Laboratory of Turbomachinery and Power equipment Xi’an710049China

The flow structure of the vortex cooling is asymmetrical compared to the traditional gas turbine leading edge cooling,such as the impingement cooling and the axial flow *** asymmetrical property will affect the cooling performance in the blade leading edge,whereas such effects are not found in most of the studies on vortex cooling due to the neglect of the mainstream flow in the airfoil *** study involves the mainstream flow field and the rotational effects based on the profile of the Ge e3 blade to reveal the mechanism of the asymmetrical flow structure *** nozzle position on the characteristics of the vortex and film composite cooling in the turbine rotating blade leading edge is numerically *** cool-ant injecting nozzles are set at the side of the pressure surface(PS-side-in)*** is set at the side of the suction surface(SS-side-in)to compare the cooling characteristics at the rotating speed range of 0–4000 rpm with fluid and thermal conjugate *** show that the nozzle position presents different influences under low and higher rotational *** for the mainstream flow,rotation makes the stagnation line move from the pressure surface side to the suction surface side,which changes the coolant film attachment on the blade leading edge *** position of nozzles,however,indicates limited influence on the coolant film *** for the internal channel vortex flow characteristics,the coolant injected from the nozzles forms a high-velocity region near the target wall,which brings about enhancing convective heat *** flow direction of the vortex flow near the internal channel wall is opposite and aligns with the direction of Coriolis force in both the PS-side-in and SS-side-in,***,the Coriolis force augments the convective heat transfer intensity of the vortex cooling in the internal channel in SS-side-in while weakening the internal heat transfer in *** effects become mo

关键词： Vortex cooling injecting nozzle location gas turbine blade film cooling

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Special Issue on the Joint China and Russia Conference on Computational Mathematics

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2012年第1期30卷 1-1页

作者： ng, Michael Shi, Zhong-Ci Tyrtyshnikov, eugene e. Hong Kong Baptist Univ Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100864 Peoples R China Russian Acad Sci Moscow 117901 Russia

The Joint China and Russia Conference on Computational Mathematics was held from November 1 to November 3, 2010 at Hong Kong Baptist University. The purpose of the conference is to discuss recent progress in the field of computational mathematics, to promote scholarship and friendship between China and Russia. This is the first time in Hong Kong to organize a joint conference on computational mathematics between China and Russia. Many top scientists in the area of computational mathematics from China and Russia, including academicians and members of Academy of Sciencesl attended the conference and presented their research results.

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Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Conformational Analysis of (e)-5-Methoxy-2-((4-methoxyphenylimino)methyl)phenol

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2010年第3期29卷 359-364页

作者： ■AHN Onura BYKGngR Orhana ALBAYRAK i■demb ODABA■O■LU Mustafac Department of Physics Faculty of Arts and SciencesOndokuz Mayis University Department of Science education Sinop University Chemistry Programme Pamukkale University

The title compound,（e）-5-methoxy-2-（（4-methoxyphenylimino）methyl）phenol（C15H15NO3）,crystallizes in monoclinic,space group P21/c with a=9.4361（6）,b=10.6212（5）,c=12.9338（9）,β=93.064（5）o,V=1294.41（14）3,Z=4,Dc=1.320 g/cm3,F（000）=544,Rint=0.116,T=296 K,μ=0.09 mm-1,the final R=0.051 and wR=0.148 for 1836 observed reflections with I2σ（I）.An extensive two-dimensional network of C–H…O hydrogen bonds and π-ring interactions are responsible for the crystal *** hydrogen bonds and C–H…π interactions produce R22（14）,R44（30） and R44（31） *** addition to the molecular geometry from X-ray experiment,the molecular geometry of the title compound in the ground state has been calculated using the semi-empirical（AM1 and PM3） and density functional theory method（DFT）（B3LYP） with 6-31G（d） basis *** determine the conformational flexibility,molecular energy profile of the title compound was obtained by semi-empirical（PM3 and AM1） and DFT/B3LYP calculations with respect to the selected degree of torsional freedom,which varied from –180° to ＋180° in a step of 10°.

关键词： crystal structure Schiff base PM3 AM1 DFT conformational analysis

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Perioperative Use of Methotrexate and Tumor Necrosis Factor α Inhibitors Combination Therapy Is Not Likely to Increase Post-Operative Infection Rate in the National Veterans Health Administration Administrative Databases

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2019年第1期9卷 1-13页

作者： Hsin-Hsuan Juo Anders Peck Sarah e. Monsell Bernard ng Department of Medicine Division of Rheumatology University of Washington VA Puget Sound Healthcare System Seattle USA The Seattle Arthritis Clinic University of Washington Medicine Northwest Hospital Seattle USA Department of Biostatistics University of Washington Seattle USA

Objective: The aim of the study is to assess the risk of post-operative outcome in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients continuing versus stopping combination therapy of methotrexate (MTX) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) or tumor necrosis factor α inhibitors (TNF) prior to surgery. Methods: Using the United States Veterans Affairs (VA) databases, we identified surgical procedures in a 17-year cohort of RA patients. Among those patients, those on MTX + HCQ or MTX + TNF were identified. Post-operative outcome variables include infection, length of post-operative hospital stay and death. Results: We identified a total of 29,708 surgeries in RA patients. Among them, we identified the most recent elective surgeries without pre-operative infection in 16,174 patients. There were 783 and 550 patients on MTX + HCQ and MTX + TNF, respectively. The rates of post-op infection were 5% and 4% for the MTX + HCQ and MTX + TNF continuing medication groups, respectively, similar to the general RA population (5%). Sensitivity analyses at various time points of discontinuation combination therapies prior to surgery did not show significant change in terms of infection. Conclusions: The prevalence of adverse outcome is low. The proportion of post-operative infection in continuing and discontinuing medicine groups is similar for both MTX + HCQ and MTX + TNF. While we were unable to formally compare proportions of post-operative infection among the two groups, these preliminary findings do not support the hypothesis that continuing either MTX + TNF or MTX + HCQ combination during perioperative period increases post-operative infection compared with discontinuation prior to therapy.

关键词： Rheumatoid Arthritis Perioperative Management Outcome Methotrexate and Tumor Necrosis Factor Combination Therapy

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elucidation of regulatory interaction networks underlying human prostate adenocarcinoma

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2015年第1期24卷 12-27页

作者： Sujit Nair Celine Liew Tin-Oo Khor Li Cai Ah-ng Tony Kong Amrita Cancer Discovery Biology Laboratory and Amrita School of Pharmacy Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University Ponekkara P.O. Kochi-682041 Kerala India Department of Pharmaceutics Rutgers The State University of New Jersey Piscataway NJ-08854 USA Department of Pharmacy National University of Singapore 18 Science Drive 4 Singapore--117543 Department of Biomedical engineering Rutgers the State University of New Jersey Piscataway NJ-08854 USA

The incidence of prostate cancer is rising in the Asia-Pacific region as well as other countries. Androgen-ablation therapy is clinically useful in the androgen-dependent phenotype however, many patients progress to hormone refractory prostate cancer that is difficult to treat and needs newer interventions that are more effective. The objective of this study was to determine functionally-relevant biological networks, to appreciate the potential crosstalk between signaling members, and to identify biomarker signatures in prostate cancer. We used microarray analyses to identify key genes that were upregulated or down regulated at least five-fold in human prostate cancer and constructed canonical interaction networks that are important in prostate cancer through metabolomics analyses. Our prostate cancer network architecture revealed several key biomarkers including eRK1/2, JNK, p38, MeK, PI3 K, NFκB, AP-1, 14-3-3, VeGF, PDGF, Rb, WNT8 A, WNT10 A, CD44, eSR2, FSH and LH. Furthermore, the top ten transcription factors identified by TFBS-association signature analysis in the regulatory elements of co-regulated biomarkers were delineated, which may crosstalk with upstream or downstream genes elicited in our network architecture. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the regulatory interaction networks in prostate cancer provide a universal view of crosstalk between important biomarkers, i.e., key players in the pathogenesis of this disease. This will facilitate more rapid screening of functional biomarkers in early/intermediate drug discovery.

关键词： Human prostate cancer Microarray Biological network Biomarker

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MODeLIng COMMeRCIAL PROCeSSeS AND CUSTOMeR BeHAVIORS TO eSTIMATe THe DIFFUSION RATe OF NeW PRODUCTS

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems engineering 2005年第4期14卷 436-453页

作者： Alain BLOCH Daniel KROB Ada Suk-Fung ng Chaire Action Commerciale et Distribution Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers 40 rue des Je■neurs 75002 Paris France Laboratoire d'Informatique de l'ecole Polytechnique Ecole Polytechnique & CNRS 91128 Palaiseau Cedex France Department of Transportation & Logistics Malaysia University of Science and Technology Kelana Square Kelana Jaya 47301 Petaling Jaya Selangor Malaysia

This paper presents a generic mathematical model for depicting the diffusion of an innovative product on a given market. Our approach relies on a probabilistic modeling of each customer behavior with respect to the commercial process which is used to promote such a product. We introduce in particular the concept of coherent market that corresponds to a market which can be analyzed in a uniform way within our model. This last notion allows us to recover the classical empirical results that were discovered and widely studied by e.M. Rogers and his school. We explain finally how to use our approach as a support for analytic predictive marketing.

关键词： Analytic marketing coherent market commercial process customer behavior diffusion of innovations Markovian model probabilistic modeling waiting time

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