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Profile of SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients Hospitalized at the Epidemic Treatment Center (ETC) in Saint-Louis, Senegal during the First Two Waves

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 322-337页

作者： Alassane Dièye Papa Latyr Junior Diouf Bourama Diémé moustapha Diedhiou diatou dia-Gueye Amadou Diop dia Samba Niang Ibrahima Louis martin Dieng Ameth Dieng Seynabou Lô ndéye m.ry dia-badiane Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal Emergency Department of Regional Hospital Center Saint-Louis Senegal Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases of Fann Dakar Senegal

Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 infection is a major public health emergency. Several risk factors are involved in the occurrence of respiratory distress that can lead to death despite resuscitation measures. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic, and evolution profile of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 hospitalized at the CTE of Saint-Louis (Senegal) during the first two waves. Patients and methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study that included all patients hospitalized at the ETC of Saint-Louis (Senegal) with SARS-CoV-2 infection from march 2020 to April 2021. Results: A total of 358 cases were collected, 256 (71.5%) during the first wave and 102 (28.5%) during the second wave. The mean age was 49.5 years (19.5). There was a male predominance (58.4%), with a sex ratio of 1.4. Hypertension was the main comorbidity, with 87 cases (24.3%). The most common functional signs were cough in 194 cases (54.2%), dyspnea in 143 cases (40%) and ageusia in 134 cases (37.4%). Thoracic CT scans were performed on 20 patients (5.6%), with severe involvement (50% - 75%) observed in 50% of cases. Hydroxychloroquine-azithromycin was prescribed to 351 patients (98%). Overall, 338 (94.4%) recovered and 17 (4.7%) died. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with death were male sex [OR = 2.645;95% CI: 1.530 - 4.785;p = 0.011], age 60 years [OR = 1.039;95% CI: 0.564 - 1.914;p = 0.002], the presence of comorbidities [OR = 2.171;95% CI: 0.564 - 3.429;p = 0.033], SpO2 (ambient air) 95% [OR = 2.061;95% CI: 0.616 - 3.827;p = 0.03], acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) [OR = 0.635;95% CI: 0.316 - 1.275;p = 0.001], severe form [OR = 1.664;95% CI: 0.298 - 2.478;p = 0.016], occurrence of complications [OR = 0.521;95% CI: 0.287 - 0.944;p = 0.032], high creatinine levels [OR = 2.061;95% CI: 1.616 - 3.827;p = 0.026], and lymphopenia [OR = 0.485;95% CI: 0.370 - 0.636;p = 0.0

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Saint-Louis Senegal

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COVID-19/Tuberculosis Co-Infection at the Epidemic Treatment Center (ETC) of Saint-Louis (Senegal): About 9 Cases

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 56-66页

作者： Alassane Dièye moustapha Diedhiou Papa Latyr Junior Diouf mba Bambo diakhaby Demba makalou Samba Niang diatou dia-Gueye Amadou Diop dia Ibrahima Louis martin Dieng Seynabou Lô ndéye m.ry dia-badiane Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal Department of medicine Saint-Louis Regional Hospital Saint-Louis Senegal Infectious and Tropical Diseases Clinic of Fann Dakar Senegal

Introduction: COVID-19 is a global public health emergency that can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome. In countries where tuberculosis (TB) is endemic, coinfection of COVID-19 and TB is often encountered, which increases the risk of developing severe forms of COVID-19. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of COVID-19/TB coinfection at the Epidemic treatment center (ETC) in Saint-Louis (Senegal) and to describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, and outcome profile of co-infected patients. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive cohort study based on the records of COVID-19/ TB co-infected patients who were hospitalized at the ETC in Saint-Louis (Senegal) over an 18-month period from march 2020 to September 2021. Results: Out of a total of 454 hospitalizations, we collected records of 9 patients co-infected with COVID-19/TB, resulting in a prevalence of 2%. The study included patients with a median age of 34 years (range: 10-86 years), with a male predominance (7 cases) and a sex ratio of 3.5. The majority of patients (88.9%) had severe forms of COVID-19. Dyspnea and cough were reported in all patients (100%). Pulmonary TB was the most frequent localization, with 9 cases. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed by nasopharyngeal PCR in all patients (100%). Bacilloscopy was positive in 3 out of 5 cases. One patient tested positive for GeneXpert? mTB/RIF without rifampicin resistance. All patients were prescribed the hydroxychloroquine-azithromycin combination and anti-tuberculosis treatment. Out of the nine patients, four recovered (44.4%) and five died (55.5%). Conclusion: COVID-19/TB coinfection had a low prevalence in our cohort, but was associated with a high mortality due to the frequent occurrence of severe forms of the disease.

关键词： COVID-19 Tuberculosis Saint-Louis Senegal

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Hyper spectral resolution stimulated Raman spectroscopy with amplified fs pulse bursts

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 566-576页

作者： Hongtao Hu Tobias Flöry Vinzenz Stummer Audrius Pugzlys markus Zeiler Xinhua Xie Aleksei Zheltikov Andrius Baltuška Photonics Institute Technische Universität WienGußhausstraße 27-29Vienna A-1040Austria SwissFEL Paul Scherrer InstituteVilligen PSI 5232Switzerland Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Department of Physics and AstronomyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

We present a novel approach for Stimulated Raman Scattering(SRS)spectroscopy in which a hyper spectral resolution and high-speed spectral acquisition are achieved by employing amplified offset-phase controlled fs-pulse *** investigate the method by solving the coupled non-linear Schrödinger equations and validate it by numerically characterizing SRS in molecular nitrogen as a model *** spectral resolution of the method is found to be determined by the inverse product of the number of pulses in the burst and the intraburst pulse *** SRS spectrum is obtained through a motion-free scanning of the offset phase that results in a sweep of the Raman-shift *** to high spectral resolution and fast motion-free scanning the technique is beneficial for a number SRS-based applications such as gas sensing and chemical analysis.

关键词： compound spectral resolution

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mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles as a cell-free therapy for traumatic brain injury via neuroprotection and neurorestoration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 49-54页

作者： ye Xiong Asim mahmood michael Chopp Department of Neurosurgery Henry Ford HospitalDetroitMIUSA Department of Neurology Henry Ford HospitalDetroitMIUSA Department of Physics Oakland UniversityRochesterMIUSA

Traumatic brain injury is a serious and complex neurological condition that affects millions of people *** significant advancements in the field of medicine,effective treatments for traumatic brain injury remain ***,extracellular vesicles released from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells have emerged as a promising novel therapy for traumatic brain *** vesicles are small membrane-bound vesicles that are naturally released by cells,including those in the brain,and can be engineered to contain therapeutic cargo,such as anti-inflammatory molecules,growth factors,and *** administered intravenously,extra cellular vesicles can cross the blood-brain barrier and deliver their cargos to the site of injury,where they can be taken up by recipient cells and modulate the inflammatory response,promote neuroregeneration,and improve functional *** preclinical studies,extracellular vesicle-based therapies have shown promising results in promoting recove ry after traumatic brain injury,including reducing neuronal damage,improving cognitive function,and enhancing motor *** further research is needed to establish the safety and efficacy of extra cellular vesicle-based therapies in humans,extra cellular vesicles represent a promising novel approach for the treatment of traumatic brain *** this review,we summarize mesenchymal ste m/stromal cell-de rived extracellular vesicles as a cell-free therapy for traumatic brain injury via neuroprotection and neurorestoration and brainderived extracellular vesicles as potential biofluid biomarkers in small and large animal models of traumatic brain injury.

关键词： biomarkers extracellular vesicles functional outcome mesenchymal stem/stromal cells neuroinflammation neuroplasticity neuroprotection traumatic brain injury

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Transforming liquid flow fuel cells to controllable reactors for highlyefficient oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid at low temperature

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 621-631,I0014页

作者： ye Qiang Xi Liu Denghao Ouyang Zhao Jiang Xuebing Zhao Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Applied Chemistry Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049ShaanxiChina

Highly-efficient oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurtural(HmF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid(FDCA) at low temperature with air as the oxidant is still ***,inspired by the respirato ry electron transport chain(ETC) of living cells mediated by electron carriers,we constructed artificial ETCs and transformed liquid flow fuel cells(LFFCs) to flexible reactors for efficient oxidation of HmF to produce FDCA under mild *** LFFC reactor employed an electrodeposition modified nickel foam as an anode to promote HmF oxidation and(VO_(2))_(2)SO_(4) as a cathode electron carrier to facilitate the electron transfer to *** reaction rate could be easily controlled by selecting the anode catalyst,adjusting the external loading and changing the cathodic electron carrier or oxidants.A maximal power density of 44.9 mW cm^(-2) at room temperature was achieved,while for FDCA production,short-circuit condition was preferred to achieve quick transfer of *** a single batch operation with 0.1 m initial HmF,FDCA yield reached 97.1%.By fed-batch operation,FDCA concentration reached 144.5 g L^(-1) with a total yield of 96%.Ni^(2+)/Ni^(3+) redox couple was the active species mediating the electron transfer,while both experimental and DFT calculation results indicated that HmFCA pathway was the preferred reaction mechanism.

关键词： 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural 2 5-Furandicarboxylic acid Electrodeposition Electron transport chain Liquid flow fuel cell

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Profile of SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients Hospitalized at the Epidemic Treatment Center (ETC) in Saint-Louis, Senegal during the First Two Waves

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Advances in Infectious Diseases（传染病进展） 2024年第2期 322页

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COVID-19/Tuberculosis Co-Infection at the Epidemic Treatment Center (ETC) of Saint-Louis (Senegal): About 9 Cases

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Advances in Infectious Diseases（传染病进展） 2024年第1期 56页

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Alternating-current losses in two-layer superconducting cables consisting of second-generation superconductors coated by U-shaped ferromagnetic materials

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第12期22卷 509-513页

作者： Ahmet Cicek Fedai Inanir Fedor Gm.ry Department of Physics Faculty of Arts and Sciences Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Department of Physics Faculty of Arts and Sciences Recep Tayyip Erdog an University Institute of Electrical Engineering Slovak Academy of Sciences Du'bravska' Cesta 9 842 39 Bratislava Slovakia

Alternating-current losses in a two-layer superconducting cable, each layer being composed of 15 closely-spaced rectangular wires made up of second-generation superconductors when the ends of wires are coated by either a non-magnetic or strong ferromagnetic material having a U profile is numerically investigated. Computations are carried out through the finite-element method. The alternating-current losses do not increase significantly if the relative permeability of the coating is increased three orders of magnitude, provided that the current amplitude is less than half of the critical current in a superconducting wire. However, the losses are much higher for ferromagnetic coating if the amplitude of the applied current oscillating at 50 Hz is close to the critical current. The ferromagnetic coating is seen to accumulate the magnetic field lines normally on its surfaces, while the field lines are parallel to the long axes of the wires, leading to more significant flux penetration in the coated regions. This facilitates a uniform low-loss current flow in the uncoated regions of the wires. In contrast, coating with a non-magnetic material gives rise to a considerably smaller current flow in the uncoated regions, whereas the low-loss flow is maintained in the coated regions. moreover, the current flows in opposite directions in the coated and uncoated regions, where the direction in each region is converse for the two materials.

关键词： second-generation superconductor two-layer cable ferromagnetic coating U profile alternating-current losses

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Impact of increasing one-carbon metabolites on traumatic brain injury outcome using pre-clinical models

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1728-1733页

作者： Sanika m.Joshi Theresa Currier Thomas Nafisa m.Jadavji College of Osteopathic medicine Midwestern UniversityGlendaleCAUSA Department of Biomedical Sciences Midwestern UniversityGlendaleCAUSA Department of Child Health College of Medicine–PhoenixUniversity of ArizonaPhoenixAZUSA College of Veterinary medicine Midwestern UniversityGlendaleCAUSA Department of Neuroscience Carleton UniversityOttawaCanada

Traumatic brain injury is a major cause of death and disability worldwide,affecting over 69 million individuals ***-carbon metabolism has been shown to have beneficial effects after brain damage,such as ischemic ***,whether increasing one-carbon metabolite vitamins impacts traumatic brain injury outcomes in patients requires more *** aim of this review is to evaluate how one-carbon metabolites impact outcomes after the onset of traumatic brain ***,Web of Science,and Google Scholar databases were searched for studies that examined the impact of B-vitamin supplementation on traumatic brain injury *** search terms included combinations of the following words:traumatic brain injury,dietary supplementation,one-carbon metabolism,and *** focus of each literature search was basic science *** year of publication in the literature searches was not *** analysis of the literature has shown that dietary supplementation of B-vitamins has significantly improved the functional and behavioral recove ry of animals with traumatic brain injury compared to *** r,this improvement is dosage-dependent and is contingent upon the onset of supplementation and whether there is a sustained or continuous delive ry of vitamin supplementation post-traumatic brain *** details of supplementation post-traumatic brain injury need to be further ***,we conclude that B-vitamin supplementation improves behavioral outcomes and reduces cognitive impairment post-traumatic brain injury in animal model *** investigation in a clinical setting should be stro ngly considered in co njunction with current medical treatments for traumatic brain injury-affected individuals.

关键词： folic acid nicotinamide one-carbon metabolism riboflavin traumatic brain injury vitamin B12 vitamin B2 vitamin B3

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Thermomechanical Processing and Superplasticity of AZ91 magnesium Alloy

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2004年第3期20卷 295-297页

作者： RongshiCHEN J.J.Blandin m.Suéry QudongWANG EnhouHAN StateKeyLabforCorrosionandProtection InstituteofMetalResearchChineseAcademyofSciencesShenyang110016China InstitutNationalPolytechniquedeGrenoble(INPG)GéniePhysiqueetmécaniquedesmatériaux(GPm2) UMRCNRS5010ENSPGBP4638402Saint-Martind'HéresCedexFrance SchoolofmaterialsScience&Engineering NationalResearchCenterofLightAlloyNetFormingEngineeringShanghaiJiaoTongUniversityShanghai200030China

The effect of extrusion on grain refinement has been studied in the AZ91 cast ingots. It is found that grain sizesmaller than 10μm can be obtained by the extrusion processing. Vickers hardness measurements were also carriedout to evaluate the effect of these processes on the room temperature mechanical properties. The experimentalresults of high temperature tensile tests revealed that the stress was inversely proportional to the square of the grainsize and that the activation energy for superplastic flow was higher than that for grain boundary diffusion.

关键词： magnesium alloy Thermo-mechanical treatment Superplasticity mechanical properties

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