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Optimizing the utilization of maize silage in forage blends-based rations to improve production performance and reduce methane emissions from fattening calves

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第3期17卷 75-81页

作者： Khalid Farooq Asad Sultan Assar Ali Shah Rifat Ullah khan Rajwali khan Ghazala Yasmeen nazir ahmad khan Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences The University of AgriculturePeshawar 25130Pakistan Pakistan Scientific and Technological Information Center(PASTIC) Islamabad 44000Pakistan

This research investigated the effect of various mixtures of maize silage and ryegrass fodder on nutrient digestibility,production performance,and methane(CH4)emission of fattening ***-four fattening calves((228±10)kg body weight(BW),(280±5)d of age)were allocated to 8 diets for 84 d,according to a randomized complete block design,and the blocks were balanced for BW,age,and *** diets consisted of 4 levels of maize silages,i.e.,40%(MS40),50%(MS50),60%(MS60),and 70%(MS70)in the maize silage and ryegrass fodder mixture on a dry matter(DM)basis,and each of the mixture was supplemented with either low(LC,1.0%BW)or high(HC,1.5%BW)levels of fattening *** results revealed greater(p<0.05)intakes of DM(8.35 kg/d),organic matter(OM,7.85 kg/d),and metabolizable energy(ME,12.00 Mcal/d)in calves fed with MS70-LC *** highest(p<0.05)digestibility(g/100 g)of DM(65.2),OM(67.3),crude protein(69.1),and neutral detergent fibre(56.3)was recorded for MS40-HC *** maximum(p<0.05)average daily gain(ADG,571 g/d)was recorded for diet *** lowest value(p<0.05)of CH4 emission was recorded in MS70-LC,MS70-HC,and MS60-HC as compared to other *** 70%maize silage in the ryegrass-maize silage based diet improved ADG by 174 g/d with LC *** is concluded that the optimum inclusion level of maize silage and ryegrass in the fattening ration can improve animal production performance and reduces CH4 production and concentrate requirements of fattening calves.

关键词： average daily gain farm-grown forages forage mixture fattening calves maize silage ryegrass fodder

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Volume-complementary bipolar layered oxide enables stable symmetric sodium-ion batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4125-4133页

作者： Bo Peng Feng Wang nazir ahmad Lai Yu Shenghua Chen Genqiang Zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Efficient Conversion and Solid-state Storage of Hydrogen and Electricity of Anhui ProvinceAnhui University of TechnologyMa’anshan 243002China Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy ConversionDepartment of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China National Innovation Platform(Center)for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

The commercialization of sodium-ion batteries is based on developing low-cost,highly stable,and safe cathode and anode ***,the promising hard carbon anode and layered oxide cathode suffer from low sodium-embedded potential near 0.1 V and severe phase transitions,which cause safe problem and short lifespan,***,we design a low-strain bipolar P2-Na_(0.7)Ni_(0.25)Fe_(0.2)Ti_(0.55)O_(2) to solve the mentioned obstacles,whereas(Ni,Fe)and Ti provide charge compensation when it is used as cathode and anode,*** is revealed that the bipolar layered oxide undergoes solid-solution reaction when used as cathode or anode,and exhibits volume-complementary feature in a sodium-ion full-cell,as identified by in-situ X-ray ***,the safe symmetric sodium-ion full-cell exhibits excellent cyclic stability with 91.7%capacity retention after 200 *** work will provide a new horizon for designing safe and stable sodium-ion batteries.

关键词： sodium-ion batteries bipolar layered oxides solid-solution reaction volume complementation symmetric battery

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Brain Tumor Segmentation in Multimodal MRI Using U-Net Layered Structure

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5267-5281页

作者： Muhammad Javaid Iqbal Muhammad Waseem Iqbal Muhammad Anwar Muhammad Murad khan Abd Jabar Nazimi Mohammad nazir ahmad Department of Information Technology The Superior UniversityLahorePakistan Department of Software Engineering The Superior UniversityLahorePakistan Department of Information Sciences Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahorePakistan Department of Computer Science Government College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan Deptment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Faculty of DentistryUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia Institute of IR4.0 Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangiSelangorMalaysia

The brain tumour is the mass where some tissues become old or damaged,but they do not die or not leave their *** brain tumour masses occur due to malignant *** tissues must die so that new tissues are allowed to be born and take their *** segmentation is a complex and time-taking problem due to the tumour’s size,shape,and appearance *** finding such masses in the brain by analyzing Magnetic Resonance Images(MRI)is a crucial task for experts and *** could not work for large volume images simultaneously,and many errors occurred due to overwhelming image *** main objective of this research study is the segmentation of tumors in brain MRI images with the help of digital image processing and deep learning *** research study proposed an automatic model for tumor segmentation in MRI *** proposed model has a few significant steps,which first apply the pre-processing method for the whole dataset to convert Neuroimaging Informatics Technology Initiative(NIFTI)volumes into the 3D NumPy *** the second step,the proposed model adopts U-Net deep learning segmentation algorithm with an improved layered structure and sets the updated *** the third step,the proposed model uses state-of-the-art Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention(MICCAI)BRATS 2018 dataset withMRI modalities such as T1,T1Gd,T2,and Fluidattenuated inversion recovery(FLAIR).Tumour types in MRI images are classified according to the tumour *** of these masses carried by state-of-the-art approaches such that the first is enhancing tumour(label 4),edema(label 2),necrotic and non-enhancing tumour core(label 1),and the remaining region is label 0 such that edema(whole tumour),necrosis and *** proposed model is evaluated and gets the Dice Coefficient(DSC)value for High-grade glioma(HGG)volumes for their test set-a,test set-b,and test set-c 0.9795, 0.9855 and 0.9793, respectively.

关键词： Brain tumour segmentation magnetic resonance images modalities dice coefficient low-grade glioma U-Net

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Computer Oriented Numerical Scheme for Solving Engineering Problems

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第8期42卷 689-701页

作者： Mudassir Shams Naila Rafiq Nasreen Kausar nazir ahmad Mir ahmad Alalyani Department of Mathematica and Statistics Riphah International UniversityI-14Islamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Mathematics NUMLIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Mathematics Yildiz Technical UniversityFaculty of Arts and ScienceEsenler34210IstanbulTurkey Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and Arts in ALmandaqAl-Baha UniversityAl-BahaSaudi Arabia

In this study,we construct a family of single root finding method of optimal order four and then generalize this family for estimating of all roots of non-linear equation *** analysis proves that the local order of convergence is four in case of single root finding iterative method and six for simultaneous determination of all roots of non-linear *** non-linear equations are taken from physics,chemistry and engineering to present the performance and efficiency of the newly constructed *** real world applications are taken from fluid mechanics,i.e.,fluid permeability in biogels and biomedical engineering which includes blood Rheology-Model which as an intermediate result give some nonlinear *** non-linear equations are then solved using newly developed simultaneous iterative *** developed simultaneous iterative schemes reach to exact values on initial guessed values within given tolerance,using very less number of function evaluations in each *** convergence order of single root finding method is computed using *** computational order of convergence,CPU-time,absolute residuals errors are calculated to elaborate the efficiency,robustness and authentication of the iterative simultaneous method in its domain.

关键词： Biomedical engineering convergence order iterative method CPU-time simultaneous method

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Automatic Eyewitness Identification During Disasters by Forming a Feature-Word Dictionary

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 4755-4769页

作者： Shahzad nazir Muhammad Asif Shahbaz ahmad Hanan Aljuaid Shahbaz ahmad Yazeed Ghadi Zubair nawaz Department of Computer Science National Textile UniversityFaisalabadPakistan Computer Sciences Department College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University(PNU)P.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Software Engineering and Computer Science Al Ain UniversityAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Department of Data Science University of the PunjabPakistan

Social media provide digitally interactional technologies to facilitate information sharing and exchanging ***,in case of disasters,a massive corpus is placed on platforms such as *** accounts can benefit humanitarian organizations and agencies,but identifying the eyewitness Tweets related to the disaster from millions of Tweets is *** approaches have been developed to address this kind of *** recent state-of-the-art system was based on a manually created dictionary and this approach was further refined by introducing linguistic ***,these approaches suffer from limitations as they are dataset-dependent and not *** this paper,we proposed a method to identify eyewitnesses from *** experiment,we utilized 13 features discovered by the pioneer of this domain and can classify the tweets to determine the *** each feature,a dictionary of words was created with the Word Dictionary Maker algorithm,which is the crucial contribution of this *** algorithm inputs some terms relevant to a specific feature for its initialization and then creates the words ***,keyword matching for each feature in tweets is *** a feature exists in a tweet,it is termed as 1;otherwise,***,for 13 features,we created a file that reflects features in each *** classify the tweets based on features,Naïve Bayes,Random Forest,and Neural Network were *** approach was implemented on different disasters like earthquakes,floods,hurricanes,and Forest *** results were compared with the state-of-the-art linguistic rule-based system with 0.81 F-measure *** the same time,the proposed approach gained a 0.88 value of *** results were comparable as the proposed approach is not ***,it can be used for the identification of eyewitness accounts.

关键词： Word dictionary social media eyewitness identification disasters

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Photocatalysis vs adsorption by metal oxide nanoparticles

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第36期131卷 122-166页

作者： Usman Qumar Jahan Zeb Hassan Rukhsar ahmad Bhatti Ali Raza Ghazanfar nazir Walid Nabgan Muhammad Ikram Solar Cell Applications Research Lab Department of PhysicsGovernment College University Lahore54000 PunjabPakistan Department of Physics University of Lahore(Chenab Campus)Adjacent Chenab BridgeGujrat50700 PunjabPakistan Department of Physics University of Sialkot(USKT)1-Km Main Daska RoadSialkot51040 PunjabPakistan Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Departament d’Enginyeria Química Universitat Rovira i VirgiliAv Països Catalans 2643007 TarragonaSpain.

Background:Metal oxide(MO)nanomaterials and related nanocomposites have been extensively studied for their potential use in water *** of their controlled morphologies,texture qualities,variable surface chemistry,distinct crystalline nature,high stability,and tunable band edges,MO nanostructured materials are highly selective towards deleting organic contaminants and heavy metal ions via adsorption and semiconductor ***-enhanced photocatalysis has recently received increasing interest,mainly due to the ability of the metal to directly or indirectly degrade pollutants.A diverse selection of MOs,with titanium dioxide(Ti O2),zinc oxide(Zn O),iron oxides(IO),and tungsten(W),as well as graphene-MOs nanocomposites with variable structure,crystalline,and morphological properties,offers a powerful platform for the growth of effective ***:The current work discusses novel advancements and potential for the removal of adsorptive and photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds(phenolic,pesticide molecules,dyes,and so on)as well as heavy metal ions using semiconductor materials.A photocatalyst based on a MO-scheme heterostructure can manage the appropriate conduction band(CB)and valence band(VB)locations,securing considerable redox *** review should be of interest to the broad readership dealing with applied and fundamental aspects of water treatments and material *** strategies including surface modification,plasmonic enhancement,and metal cocatalysts have been introduced to enhance photocatalytic *** findings:The current article discussed the significantly utilized synthesis strategies and mechanism of heterojunction photocatalysts using a ***,adsorption sections guarantee that mercury,chromium,cadmium,arsenic,and lead-based ions are successfully removed from polluted water via the adsorption *** characteristics,such as concentration,coexisting ions,p H,and ki

关键词： Photocatalyst Adsorbate Metal Oxides Z-scheme Surface Modification Heterojunction Semiconductor heterostructures Nanoparticles

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Modeling and Verification of Aircraft Takeoff Through Novel Quantum Nets

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 3331-3348页

作者： Maryam Jamal nazir ahmad Zafar Atta-ur-Rahman Dhiaa Musleh Mohammed A.Gollapalli Sghaier Chabani School of Systems and Technology University of Management&Technology(UMT)C-II Block C 2 Phase 1 Johar TownLahore54770PunjabPakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University Islamabad–Sahiwal CampusSahiwal57000PunjabPakistan Department of Computer Science(CS) College of Computer Science and Information Technology(CCSIT)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University(IAU)Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Information System(CIS) College of Computer Science and Information Technology(CCSIT)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University(IAU)Dammam31441Saudi Arabia

The formal modeling and verification of aircraft takeoff is a challenge because it is a complex safety-critical *** task of aircraft takeoff is distributed amongst various computer-based controllers,however,with the growing malicious threats a secure communication between aircraft and controllers becomes highly *** research serves as a starting point for integration of BB84 quantum protocol with petri nets for secure modeling and verification of takeoff *** integrated model combines the BB84 quantum cryptographic protocol with powerful verification tool support offered by petri *** model certain important properties of BB84,a new variant of petri nets coined as Quantum Nets are proposed by defining their mathematical foundations and overall system dynamics,furthermore,some important system properties are also abstractly *** proposed QuantumNets are then applied for modeling of aircraft takeoff process by defining three quantum nets:namely aircraft,runway controller and gate *** authentication between quantum nets,the use of external places and transitions is demonstrated to describe the encryptiondecryption process of qubits ***,the developed takeoff quantum network is verified through simulation offered by colored petri-net(CPN)***,reachability tree(RT)analysis is also performed to have greater confidence in feasibility and correctness of the proposed aircraft takeoff model through the Quantum Nets.

关键词： Aircraft takeoff BB84 quantum cryptography petri-nets quantum nets formal modeling and verification

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Traffic Priority-Aware Medical Data Dissemination Scheme for IoT Based WBASN Healthcare Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 4443-4456页

作者： Muhammad Anwar Farhan Masud Rizwan Aslam Butt Sevia Mahdaliza Idrus Mohammad nazir ahmad Mohd Yazid Bajuri Department of Computer Science NFC Institute of Engineering and Fertilizer ResearchFaisalabadPakistan Department of Statistics and Computer Science Faculty of Life Sciences Business ManagementUniversity of Veterinary and Animal SciencesLahorePakistan Department of Electronics Engineering NED University of Engineering and TechnologyKarachiPakistan School of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaJohor BahruMalaysia Institute of IR4.0 Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangiSelangorMalaysia Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia

Wireless Body Area Sensor Network(WBASN)is an automated system for remote health monitoring of *** under umbrella of Internet of Things(IoT)is comprised of small Biomedical Sensor Nodes(BSNs)that can communicate with each other without human *** BSNs can be placed on human body or inside the skin of the patients to regularly monitor their vital *** BSNs generate critical data as it is related to patient’s *** data traffic can be classified as Sensitive Data(SD)and Non-sensitive Data(ND)packets based on the value of vital *** data packets have different priority to *** ND packets may tolerate some delay or packet loss whereas,the SD packets required to be delivered on time with minimized packet loss otherwise it can be life threating to the *** this research,we propose a Traffic Priority-aware Medical Data Dissemination(TPMD2)scheme forWBASN to deliver the data packets according to their priority based on the sensitivity of the *** assessment of the proposed scheme is carried out in various *** simulation results of the TPMD2 scheme indicate a significant improvement in packets delivery,transmission delay and energy efficiency in comparison with the existing schemes.

关键词： WBANS wearable technology priority routing eHealth applications remote health monitoring

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Weighted ebyev-Ostrowski type inequalities

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2007年第7期28卷 901-906页

作者： Arif Rafiq nazir ahmad Mir Farooq ahmad Mathematics Department COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyIslamabad 44000Pakistan Centre for Advanced Studies in Pure and Applied Mathematics Bahanddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60800Pakistan

In account of the famous Cebysev inequality, a rich theory has appeared in the literature. We establish some new weighted Cebysev type integral inequalities. Our proofs are of independent interest and provide new esti... 详细信息

关键词： Cebysev type inequalities L∞ (a b) spaces absolutely continuous functions weight functions

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Advances and challenges of methanol-tolerant oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysts for the direct methanol fuel cell

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第2期77卷 499-513,I0013页

作者： Muhammad Aizaz Ud Din Muhammad Idrees Sidra Jamil Syed Irfan Ghazanfar nazir Muhammad ahmad Mudassir Muhammad Shahrukh Saleem Saima Batool Nanpu Cheng Rahman Saidur School of Materials and Energy Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Additive Manufacturing Institute College of Mechatronics and Control EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060GuangdongChina Chongqing Key Lab for Advanced Materials and Clean Energies of Technologies School of Materials and EnergySouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China School of Materials Science and Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808GuangdongChina Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan 64200Pakistan Laboratory for High Performance Ceramics EmpaSwiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology8600 DübendorfSwitzerland Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060GuangdongChina Research Centre for Nano-Materials and Energy Technology School of Engineering and TechnologySunway UniversityBandar SunwayMalaysia Department of Engineering Lancaster UniversityLancasterUnited Kingdom

Methanol cross-over effects from the anode to the cathode are important parameters for reducing catalytic performance in direct methanol fuel cells.A promising candidate catalyst for the cathode in direct methanol fuel cells must have excellent activity toward oxygen reduction reaction and resistance to methanol oxidation *** review focuses on the methanol tolerant noble metal-based electrocatalysts,including platinum and palladium-based alloys,noble metal–carbon based composites,transition metal-based catalysts,carbon-based metal catalysts,and metal-free *** understanding of the correlation between the activity and the synthesis method,electrolyte environment and stability issues are *** the transition metal-based catalyst,their activity,stability and methanol tolerance in direct methanol fuel cells and comparisons with those of platinum are particularly ***,strategies to enhance the methanol tolerance and hinder the generation of mixed potential in direct methanol fuel cells are also *** review provides a perspective for future developments for the scientist in selecting suitable methanol tolerate catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction and designing high-performance practical direct methanol fuel cells.

关键词： Oxygen reducing reaction Methanol tolerant electrocatalyst Portable power sources Direct methanol Fuel cell

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