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Nutritional therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2021年第10期13卷 1440-1452页

作者： Astrid Ruiz-Margáin Berenice M Román-calleja Paulina Moreno-Guillén JoséA González-Regueiro DeyaniraKúsulas-Delint Alejandro campos-Murguía nayelli c flores-garcía Ricardo Ulises Macías-Rodríguez Liver Nutrition clinic Department of GastroenterologyInstituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico City 14080Mexico Liver Fibrosis and Nutrition Lab MICTLÁN-Network(Mechanisms of Liver InjuryCell Death and Translational Nutrition in Liver Diseases-Research Network)Mexico City 14080Mexico Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico City 14080Mexico

Hepatocellular carcinoma(Hcc)is the most frequent primary liver cancer and presents together with cirrhosis in most cases.In addition to commonly recognized risk factors for Hcc development,such as hepatitis B virus/hepatitis c virus infection,age and alcohol/tobacco consumption,there are nutritional risk factors also related to Hcc development including high intake of saturated fats derived from red meat,type of cooking(generation of heterocyclic amines)and contamination of foods with aflatoxins.On the contrary,protective nutritional factors include diets rich in fiber,fruits and vegetables,n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and coffee.While the patient is being evaluated for staging and treatment of Hcc,special attention should be paid to nutritional support,including proper nutritional assessment and therapy by a multidisciplinary team.It must be considered that these patients usually develop Hcc on top of long-lasting cirrhosis,and therefore they could present with severe malnutrition.cirrhosisrelated complications should be properly addressed and considered for nutritional care.In addition to traditional methods,functional testing,phase angle and computed tomography scan derived skeletal muscle index-L3 are among the most useful tools for nutritional assessment.Nutritional therapy should be centered on providing enough energy and protein to manage the increased requirements of both cirrhosis and cancer.Supplementation with branched-chain amino acids is also recommended as it improves response to treatment,nutritional status and survival,and finally physical exercise must be encouraged and adapted to individual needs.

关键词： Sarcopenia Liver cancer Diet Branched-chain amino acids Nutrition

Prognostic performance of an index based on lactic dehydrogenase and transaminases for patients with liver steatosis and cOVID-19

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第37期28卷 5444-5456页

作者： Ricardo Ulises Macías-Rodríguez Alberto Adrián Solís-Ortega Victoria J Ornelas-Arroyo Astrid Ruiz-Margáin Maria Sarai González-Huezo Nestor A Urdiales-Morán Berenice M Román-calleja Juan M Mayorquín-Aguilar JoséA González-Regueiro Alejandro campos-Murguía Israel Vicente Toledo-coronado Mónica chapa-Ibargüengoitia Bernardo Valencia-Peña carlos Fernando Martínez-cabrera nayelli c flores-garcía Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico City 14080Mexico Department of Gastroenterology Centro Médico ISSEMYMToluca 52140Mexico Department of Radiology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico City 14080Mexico

BAcKGROUND Metabolic associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is associated with complications and mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019(cOVID-19).However,there are no prognostic scores aimed to evaluate the risk of severe disease specifically in patients with MAFLD,despite its high prevalence.Lactate dehydrogenase,aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase have been used as markers of liver damage.Therefore,we propose an index based on lactate dehydrogenase,aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase for the prediction of complications and mortality in patients with MAFLD and cOVID-19.AIM To evaluate the prognostic performance of an index based on lactate dehydrogenase and transaminases(aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase)in patients with cOVID-19 and MAFLD[liver fibrosis and nutrition(LNF)-cOVID-19 index].METHODS In this retrospective cohort study,two cohorts from two different tertiary centers were included.The first was the derivation cohort to obtain the score cutoffs,and the second was the validation cohort.We included hospitalized patients with severe cOVID-19 and MAFLD.Liver steatosis was evaluated by computed tomography scan.Area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROc)curve analysis and survival analysis were used.RESULTS In the derivation cohort,44.6%had MAFLD;ROc curve analysis yielded a LFN-cOVID-19 index>1.67 as the best cutoff,with a sensitivity of 78%,specificity of 63%,negative predictive value of 91%and an area under the ROc curve of 0.77.In the multivariate analysis,the LFN-cOVID-19 index>1.67 was independently associated with the development of acute kidney injury(odds ratio:1.8,95%confidence interval:1.3-2.5,Pcheal intubation(odds ratio:1.9,95%confidence interval:1.4-2.4,Pconfidence interval:1.6-4.5,Pcohorts.cONcLUSION LFN-cOVID-19 index has a good performance to predict prognosis in patients with MAFLD and cOVID-19,which could be useful for the MAFLD population.

关键词： cOVID-19 Metabolic associated fatty liver disease Lactate dehydrogenase Transaminases Prognosis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

clinical perspectives,assessment,and mechanisms of metabolicassociated fatty liver disease in patients with cOVID-19

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第33期27卷 5502-5519页

作者： Alejandro campos-Murguía Berenice M Román-calleja JoséA González-Regueiro Ivonne Hurtado-Díaz-de-León Alberto Adrián Solís-Ortega nayelli c flores-garcía Ignacio garcía-Juárez Astrid Ruiz-Margáin Ricardo Ulises Macías-Rodríguez Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico City 14080Mexico Liver Fibrosis and Nutrition Lab(LFNLab) MICTLÁN-Network(Mechanisms of Liver InjuryCell Death and Translational Nutrition in Liver Diseases-Research Network)Mexico City 14080Mexico

Metabolic diseases are highly prevalent worldwide and have been associated with adverse clinical outcomes,including mortality,in patients developing coronavirus disease(cOVID-19).Because of the close relationship between metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity and the presence of metabolicassociated fatty liver disease(MAFLD),a high number of cases of patients affected by both MAFLD and cOVID-19 would be expected,especially in highrisk populations.Some studies have shown an increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes,viral shedding,and deep vein thrombosis,especially in patients with MAFLD-related liver fibrosis.The predisposition to poor outcomes and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in patients with MAFLD could be secondary to mechanisms common to both,including preexisting systemic chronic inflammation,endothelial dysfunction,and involvement of the renin-angiotensin system.Because of the increased risk of adverse outcomes,MAFLD should be screened in all patients admitted for cOVID-19.Available computed tomography scans could be of help,assessment of liver fibrosis is also recommended,favoring noninvasive methods to limit the exposure of healthcare workers.Liver involvement in this population ranges from abnormalities in liver chemistry to hepatic steatosis in postmortem biopsies.Finally,preventive measures should be strongly advocated in patients already known to have MAFLD,including the use of telemedicine and vaccination in addition to general measures.

关键词： Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease cOVID-19 Mortality Fibrosis Histology Epidemiology

Design,Synthesis,and Applications of Mesoporous covalent Organic Frameworks

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ccS chemistry 2024年第1期6卷 57-68页

作者： Niyati Arora cassandra flores Milinda c.Senarathna christina M.Thompson Ronald A.Smaldone Department of chemistry and Biochemistry University of TexasDallasRichardsonTexas 75080

covalent organic frameworks(cOFs)are highly ordered and permanently porous organic polymers that can be classified as two-dimensional or threedimensional.Their tunable design and crystalline order endow a range of pore sizes,shapes,functions,and applications that differentiate them from other polymers.The cOF pore sizes and shapes rely on the geometry of the monomers and dynamic covalent chemistry,while the stacking of the sheets relies on noncovalent interactions.Their tunability allows for post-modification or the incorporation of additional functional groups for the reinforcement by various noncovalent interactions.The limits of mesoporous cOFs are still being investigated,with the design rules continuing to evolve.Here we report a comprehensive review of mesoporous cOFs,explore strategies for large pore reinforcement,highlight structural design and features,elucidate their various functions and applications,discuss fundamental challenges faced that need to be addressed,and predict future directions.

关键词： covalent organic frameworks mesoporous supramolecular chemistry polymers pore size

Effect of Ultraviolet Radiation on Hsp70 Protein Expression in HacaT cells

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2024年第1期14卷 59-71页

作者： Sergio Hugo Sánchez Rodríguez Jesús Rodríguez Vergil Manuel Venancio Muñoz Juárez Kevin Said Ramírez Dávila Luis Martín garcía Ortiz Germán flores cortés Luz Elena Vidales Rodríguez Jesús Adrián López David Alejandro garcía López Laboratorio de Biología celular y Neurobiología Unidad Académica de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas Zacatecas México Laboatorio de Bacterias y Hongos Filamentosos Unidad Académica de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas Zacatecas México Laboratorio de MicroRNAs Unidad Académica de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas Zacatecas México

Ultraviolet radiation by its wavelength is divided into: UVA, UVB and UVc. Only UVA and UVB manage to penetrate the ozone layer, but due to anthropological activities, all of them are capable of interacting with humans to a greater or lesser extent, and can generate adverse effects such as cellular stress when interacting with intra-and extracellular biomolecules. The skin is the first organ in contact with UV radiation, and the stress it generates can be analyzed by the expression of a bioindicator of cellular damage such as Hsp70. Therefore, the objective of the project was: to determine the effect of UVA, UVB and UVc radiation on HacaT epithelial cells, by analyzing the expression of Hsp70. Materials and methods: HacaT cells were cultured in vitro, which were irradiated with UVA, UVB and UVc light at different doses, to subsequently determine the degree of Hsp70 expression by Immunodetection by PAGE-SDS and Western Blot. Results: Basal expression of Hsp70 was observed in no irradiated HacaT cells. When HacaT cells were irradiated with UVA, UVB, UVc, an increase in this Hsp70 protein was observed. With UVA, a higher degree of expression was observed at a time of 30 minutes of irradiation. With UVB the highest expression shifted to a time of 20 minutes. With UVc, overexpression was observed after 10 minutes. conclusion: UV radiation generates cellular stress on HacaT cells, evaluated by the stress bioindicator Hsp70. According to the wavelength of UV radiation, those that have a shorter wavelength have a greater potential for cellular damage, such as UVc.

关键词： Ultraviolet A Light (UVA) Ultraviolet B Light (UVB) Ultraviolet c Light (UVc) Heat Shock Protein 70 (Hsp70) HacaT

Influence of Angiotensin II on α₁-Adrenergic Receptors Function in Rat Aorta and Expression in Vascular Smooth Muscle cells

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第4期12卷 123-134页

作者： Itzell Alejandrina Gallardo-Ortíz Juan Pablo de Jesús Benítez-Garrido Santiago c. Sigrist-flores Juan Javier López-Guerrero Enrique Hong Rafael Villalobos-Molina Unidad de Biomedicina Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala Universidad Nacional Aut&#243noma de M&#233xico Tlalnepantla M&#233xico carrera de Enfermerí a Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala Universidad Nacional Aut&#243noma de M&#233xico Tlalnepantla M&#233xico Departamento de Farmacobiologí a Centro de Investigaci&#243n and de Estudios Avanzados-IPN Ciudad de M&#233xico M&#233xico carrera de Mé dico Cirujano Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala Universidad Nacional Aut&#243noma de M&#233xico Tlalnepantla M&#233xico

Angiotensin II (Ang II) is the main mediator of the Renin-Angiotensin-System acting on AT1 and other AT receptors. It is regarded as a pleiotropic agent that induces many actions, including functioning as a growth factor, and as a contractile hormone, among others. The aim of this work was to examine the impact of Ang II on the expression and function of α1-adrenergic receptors (α1-ARs) in cultured rat aorta, and aorta-derived smooth muscle cells. Isolated Wistar rat aorta was incubated for 24 h in DMEM at 37˚c, then subjected to isometric tension and to the action of added norepinephrine, in concentration-response curves. Ang II was added (1 × 10−5 M), and in some experiments, 5-Methylurapidil (α1A-AR antagonist), AH11110A (α1B-AR antagonist), or BMY-7378 (α1D-AR antagonist), were used to identify the α1-AR involved in the response. Desensitization of the contractile response to norepinephrine was observed due to incubation time, and by the Ang II action. α1D-AR was protected from desensitization by BMY-7378;while RS-100329 and prazosin partially mitigated desensitization. In another set of experiments, isolated aorta-derived smooth muscle cells were exposed to Ang II and α1-ARs proteins were evaluated. α1D-AR increased at 30 and 60 min post Ang II exposure, the α1A-AR diminished from 1 to 4 h, while α1B-AR remained unchanged over 24 h of Ang II exposure. Ang II induced an increase of α1D-AR at short times, and BMY-7378 protected α1D-AR from desensitization.

关键词： Angiotensin II α1D-AR α1-AR Expression Rat aorta Smooth Muscle cells

c19Mc miRNA-520G induces SP100 antiviral gene transcription and inhibits melanin production in skin cutaneous melanoma

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 60-63页

作者： Goodwin G.Jinesh Marian T.Smallin Nino Mtchedlidze Isha Godwin Marco Napoli Nicole Hackel Manali S.Phadke Avani A.Deshpande Xiaobo Li John H.Lockhart Jaden R.Baldwin Suehelay Acevedo-Acevedo Yifeng Gao Michelle A.Reiser Keiran S.M.Smalley Elsa R.flores Andrew S.Brohl Department of Molecular Oncology H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center&Research InstituteTampaFL 33612USA Molecular Medicine Program H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center&Research InstituteTampaFL 33612USA Saveetha Medical college ChennaiTamil Nadu 602105India Tumor Biology Department H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center&Research InstituteTampaFL 33612USA Sarcoma Department H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center&Research InstituteTampaFL 33612USA

SP100 is an antiviral protein that restricts the productive stage of human papillomavirus(HPV)and multiple other viruses,and viruses in turn block sUMO-1-mediated stabilization of SP100 and promotes its degradation(Table S1).Interferon(IFN)signaling could still produce more SP100 through transcription to counteract viruses.1 Viruses also disable the transcriptional up-regulation of SP100 to achieve persistent infection in hosts.

关键词： SP100 melanoma stabilization

True grit: ingestion of small stone particles by hummingbirds in West Mexico

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Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 739-749页

作者： Omar Maya-garcía Mauricio Ortega-flores Jorge E.Schondube Posgrado en ciencias Biológicas Unidad de PosgradoCoordinación del Posgrado en Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoEdificio D1er pisoCircuito de PosgradosCiudad UniversitariaDel.CoyoacánC.P.04510 México D.F.Mexico Laboratorio de Ecología Funcional Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y SustentabilidadUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoAntigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No.8701Col.Ex Hacienda de San Joséde la HuertaC.P.58190 MoreliaMichoacánMexico

Background: Grit is used by birds mainly for grinding hard food items but can also serve a nutritional role as a source of minerals. Ingestion of grit by birds has been documented primarily in species that feed on seeds and invertebrates.Although feeding mainly on nectar and small arthropods, hummingbirds also ingest grit, but why they do so is unclear. We quantified the number of grit particles in the stomachs of six species of hummingbirds during an annual cycle in a seasonal ecosystem of West Mexico.Methods: We compared the number of grit particles in the stomachs of different hummingbird species(Mexican Violetear colibri thalassinus, Amethyst-throated Mountaingem Lampornis amethystinus, White-eared Hummingbird Basilinna leucotis, Rivoli's Hummingbird Eugenes fulgens, Broad-tailed Hummingbird Selasphorus platycercus, and Rufous Hummingbird S. rufus), and between sex and age categories during the different seasons of a year. To deter-mine if grit was used to grind ingested arthropods, we examined the relationships between the number of grit parti-cles, the biomass of arthropods ingested, and their chitin content.Results: Although species did not differ in the number of grit particles in their stomachs, we found that grit was mostly ingested by female individuals, with only one male of one species(Mexican Violetear) presenting grit in its stomach. We also found that female hummingbirds had grit in their stomachs during the rainy and the cold-dry season(June-February) but not during the warm-dry season(March-May). Our analyses revealed no relationship between the number of grit particles and the amount of ingested arthropods and arthropod chitin content. However,high grit consumption was related to wasp ingestion on Mexican Violetears.conclusions: Our results indicate that grit is used mainly by female hummingbirds. The seasonal variation in the ingestion of grit by female individuals suggests that it can be used to meet mineral requirements related to breed-ing;however, this topic needs further exploration. Addi

关键词： Arthropod chitin content Arthropod digestion Breeding season Mineral nutritional requirements

Application of two forms of silicon and their impact on the postharvest and the content of bioactive compounds in cucumber(cucumis sativus L.)fruits

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BIOcELL 2022年第11期46卷 2497-2506页

作者： YOLANDA GONZÁLEZ-garcÍA VALERIA flores-ROBLES GREGORIO cADENAS-PLIEGO ADALBERTO BENAVIDES-MENDOZA MARcELINO cABRERA DE LA FUENTE ALBERTO SANDOVAL-RANGEL ANTONIO JUÁREZ-MALDONADO Departamento de Botánica Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio NarroSaltillo25315México Maestría en ciencias en Horticultura Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio NarroSaltillo25315México centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada Saltillo25294México Departamento de Horticultura Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio NarroSaltillo25315México

The metabolic activity of the fruits continues even after harvest,which results in the loss of bioactive compounds,a decrease in the quality of the fruits,softening and browning,among other negative effects.The use of certain elements such as silicon can improve postharvest quality,since it is involved in the metabolic,physiological and structural activity of plants,moreover can increase the quality of the fruits.In addition,nanotechnology has had a positive impact on crop yield,nutritional value,fruit quality and can improve antioxidant activity.For these reasons,the use of beneficial elements such as silicon in the form of nanoparticles can be a viable option to improve the characteristics of the fruits.In the present study was evaluated the application of potassium silicate(125,250 and 500 mg L^(−1))and SiO_(2) nanoparticles(125,250 and 500 mg L^(−1))during the development of the crop.The results showed that the application of silicon(potassium silicate and silicon nanoparticles)increased the content of total soluble solids(up to 15.6%higher than control),titratable acidity(up to 38.8%higher than control),vitamin c(up to 78.2%higher than control),phenols(up to 22%higher than control),flavonoids(up to 64.6%higher than control),and antioxidant activity in lipophilic compounds(up to 56.2%higher than control).This study suggests that the use of silicon can be a good option to increase the content of bioactive compounds in cucumber fruits when they are applied during the development of the crop.

关键词： Fruit quality Nanotechnology Silicon nanoparticles Potassium silicate Antioxidant compounds Antioxidant capacity