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A perspective review on the biosynthesis of plant-based secondary metabolites and their application as potent drugs

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BIOCELL 2024年第4期48卷 541-557页

作者： JHILAM PRAMANIK AKASH kumar SARVESH RUSTAGI MEHAK KATYAL SHEETAL THAKUR JUTISHNA BORA SUMIRA MALIK ANCHAL TREHAN nayan TALUKDAR PETR SLAMA Department of Food Technology ITM UniversityGwaliorIndia Department of Food Technology SRM UniversitySonipatIndia Department of Food Technology Uttaranchal UniversityDehradunIndia Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Manav Rachna International Institute of Research&Studies(MRIIRS)FaridabadIndia University Centre for Research and Development UIBTChandigarh UniversityMohaliIndia Amity institute of Biotechnology Amity UniversityJharkhandRanchiIndia Department of Biotechnology University Center for Research&Development(UCRD)Chandigarh UniversityMohaliPunjabIndia Department of Science Guru Nanak College of Pharmaceutical SciencesDehradunIndia Program of Biotechnology Faculty of ScienceAssam down town UniversityGuwahatiIndia Department of Animal Morphology Physiology and GeneticsMendel University in BrnoBrnoCzech Republic

Many phytochemicals and their derived metabolites produced by plants are extensively employed in commercial goods,pharmaceutical products as well as in the environmental and medicalﬁ***,these secondary metabolites obtained from plants are in low amounts,and it is difﬁcult to synthesize them at the industrial *** these challenges,they may be utilized for a variety of medicinal products that are either available in the market or are being researched and *** metabolites are complex compounds that exhibit ***,under controlled conditions with elicitors,desired secondary metabolites may be produced from plant cell *** review emphasizes the various aspects of secondary metabolites including their types,synthesis,and applications as medicinal *** article aims to promote the use of plant secondary metabolites in the management and treatment of various diseases.

关键词： Secondary metabolites Medicinal plant Synthesis Health benefits

Amebic liver abscess: An update

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 316-330页

作者： Ramesh kumar Rishabh Patel Rajeev nayan Priyadarshi Ruchika Narayan Tanmoy Maji Utpal Anand Jinit R Soni Department of Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507India Department of Radiodiagnosis All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507India Department of Surgical Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507India

Amebic liver abscess(ALA)is still a common problem in the tropical world,where it affects over three-quarters of patients with liver *** is caused by an anaerobic protozoan Entamoeba hystolytica,which primarily colonises the *** is a non-suppurative infection of the liver consisting primarily of dead hepatocytes and cellular *** of the male gender,during their reproductive years,are most prone to ALA,and this appears to be due to a poorly mounted immune response linked to serum testosterone *** is more common in the right lobe of the liver,is strongly associated with alcohol consumption,and can heal without the need for *** majority of ALA patients have an uncomplicated course,a number of complications have been described,including rupture into abdomino-thoracic structures,biliary fistula,vascular thrombosis,bilio-vascular compression,and secondary bacterial *** on clinico-radiological findings,a classification system for ALA has emerged recently,which can assist clinicians in making treatment *** research has revealed the role of venous thrombosis-related ischemia in the severity of *** years have seen the development and refinement of newer molecular diagnostic techniques that can greatly aid in overcoming the diagnostic challenge in endemic area where serology-based tests have limited *** has been the drug of choice for ALA patients for many ***,concerns over the resistance and adverse effects necessitate the creation of new,safe,and potent antiamebic *** the indication of the drainage of uncomplicated ALA has become more clear,high-quality randomised trials are still necessary for robust *** drainage appears to be a viable option for patients with ruptured ALA and diffuse peritonitis,for whom surgery represents a significant risk of *** regard to all of the aforementioned issues,this article intends to present an u

关键词： Amebic liver abscess Amebiasis Ruptured liver abscess Percutaneous drainage Metronidazole

Renal resistive index measurements by ultrasound in patients with liver cirrhosis:Magnitude and associations with renal dysfunction

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World Journal of Radiology 2024年第6期16卷 221-231页

作者： Himanshu Surya Ramesh kumar Rajeev nayan Priyadarshi Sabbu Surya Prakash Sudhir kumar Department of Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507India Department of Radiodiagnosis All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507India

BACKGROUND The hemodynamic alterations seen in liver cirrhosis lead to renal vasoconstriction,ultimately causing acute kidney injury(AKI).The renal resistive index(RRI)is the most common Doppler ultrasound variable for measuring intrarenal vascular *** To evaluate the association of the RRI with AKI in patients with liver cirrhosis and to identify risk factors for high *** This was a prospective observational study,where RRI was measured using Doppler ultrasound in 200 consecutive hospitalized patients with *** association of RRI with AKI was *** receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was utilized to determine discriminatory cut-offs of RRI for various AKI *** analysis was conducted to determine the predictors of high *** The mean patient age was 49.08±11.68 years,with the majority(79.5%)being male;the predominant etiology of cirrhosis was alcohol(39%).The mean RRI for the study cohort was 0.68±0.09,showing a progressive increase with higher Child-Pugh class of ***,AKI was present in 129(64.5%)*** mean RRI was significantly higher in patients with AKI compared to those without it(0.72±0.06 vs 0.60±0.08;P<0.001).A total of 82 patients(41%)had hepatorenal syndrome(HRS)-AKI,29(22.4%)had prerenal AKI(PRA),and 18(13.9%)had acute tubular necrosis(ATN)-*** mean RRI was significantly higher in the ATN-AKI(0.80±0.02)and HRS-AKI(0.73±0.03)groups than in the PRA(0.63±0.07)and non-AKI(0.60±0.07)*** demonstrated excellent discriminatory ability in distinguishing ATN-AKI from non-ATN-AKI(area under ROC curve:93.9%).AKI emerged as an independent predictor of high RRI(adjusted odds ratio[OR]:11.52),and high RRI independently predicted mortality among AKI patients(adjusted OR:3.18).CONCLUSION In cirrhosis patients,RRI exhibited a significant association with AKI,effectively differentiated between AKI phenotypes,and predicted AKI mortality.

关键词： Renal resistive index Cirrhosis Acute kidney injury Hepatorenal syndrome Renal Doppler

Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of Dienogest in Healthy Bangladeshi Female Volunteers: An Open-Label, Single-Dose, Randomized, Two-Way Crossover Study

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第5期14卷 779-789页

作者： Nusrat Mahmud Nafisa Ahamed Uttom kumar Bhowmik Sabrina Akter Tushi nayan Ghosh Nithon Chandra Sahana Arifa Akram Md. Alimur Reza BIRDEM General Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Medical College for Women & Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Novus Clinical Research Services Ltd. Dhaka Bangladesh National Institute of Laboratory Medicine & Referral Centre (NILMRC) Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Dienogest is a potential treatment for pelvic pain associated with endometriosis, a condition of significant concern in gynaecology. The current study was conducted as a crossover-randomized bioequivalence assessment of two oral Dienogest 2 mg formulations, aiming to provide valuable insights for healthcare professionals and researchers in this field. Objective: The primary aim of this research was to evaluate and compare the pharmacokinetic characteristics of Dienogest 2 mg tablets. Dinogest (Dienogest 2 mg) tablets, manufactured by Nuvista Pharma Limited in Bangladesh, and Visanne (Dienogest 2 mg) tablets, manufactured by Bayer Pharma in Germany, were the test and reference formulations, respectively. Materials and Method: The study was an open-label, balanced, randomized, two treatments, two sequences, two periods, two-way crossover, laboratory blind, single oral dose bioequivalence study conducted in healthy adult females under fasting conditions. The study was carried out on 13 healthy, non-pregnant female subjects, and all the subjects completed both study periods with a 15-day washout in between. Randomization was used to assign the test and reference formulations to the subjects. Following each oral administration, a series of blood samples were obtained at different time intervals from pre-dose to 72 hours post-dose and analyzed for Dienogest concentrations using a validated bio-analytical method. A standard non-compartmental model was used to analyze the pharmacokinetic parameters. The primary pharmacokinetic parameters were peak plasma drug concentration (Cmax), the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to time t (AUC0–t), and AUC from t = 0 to infinity (AUC0–∞). The other PK parameters included time to reach Cmax (Tmax), terminal elimination rate constant (Kel), and half-life (t1/2). Result: The ratios and 90% CI for the geometric mean test/re

关键词： Dienogest Bioequivalence Study Endometriosis Novus CRSL

Pharmacokinetic Comparison and Bioequivalence Evaluation of Two 20-mg Vonoprazan Fumarate Tablets in Bangladeshi Healthy Male Subjects

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第8期12卷 230-243页

作者： Md. Alimur Reza Uttom kumar Bhowmik Sabrina Akter Tushi nayan Ghosh Nithon Chandra Sahana Md. Ashraful Islam Nafisa Ahamed Arifa Akram Novus Clinical Research Services Ltd. Dhaka Bangladesh Medical College for Women & Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh National Institute of Laboratory Medicine & Referral Centre (NILMRC) Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Vonoprazan fumarate, a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker, outperforms traditional proton pump inhibitors in acid suppression and can be effectively combined with antibiotics to eradicate Helicobacter pylori. Objective: The study aimed to determine if two Vonoprazan formulations—Vonoprazan Fumarate 20 mg Tablet of Beximco Pharmaceuticals Limited, Bangladesh (test product) and Takecab 20 mg Tablet of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Japan (reference product)—met FDA’s bioequivalence requirements by comparing their pharmacokinetic characteristics in healthy Bangladeshi adults. Methods: This was a single-center, randomized, open-label, two-period, two-sequence, laboratory-blind, double-crossover experiment. After 10 hours of fasting, 18 subjects were randomly assigned to receive a single oral dose of either formulation. During each treatment period, blood samples were collected at specific times (pre-dose and up to 48 hours post-dose) to measure plasma Vonoprazan levels using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. A non-compartmental model was used to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters using the plasma drug concentration-time profile. A statistical comparison of the pharmacokinetic parameters of the two formulations of the test and reference product was conducted using SAS® statistical software to assess the bioequivalence. Primary pharmacokinetic parameters (Cmax, AUC0-t, and AUC0-∞) and secondary parameters (Tmax, T1/2, Kel, and AUC extrapolation) were calculated for both drug formulations. If the confidence intervals for the natural log-transformed Cmax, AUC0-t, and AUC0-∞ values fell between 80% and 125%, the drug products would be considered bioequivalent. Result: The geometric mean ratio of Vonoprazan between the test and reference groups was found to be 109.04% (99.47% - 119.53%), 101.37% (95.58% - 107.50%), and 101.24% (95.43% - 107.41%), with 90% confidence intervals (CIs) for the Cmax, AUC0–t, and AUC0–∞, and these outcomes

关键词： Bioequivalence Vonoprazan Pharmacokinetics

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease:Growing Burden, Adverse Outcomes and Associations

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2020年第1期8卷 76-86页

作者： Ramesh kumar Rajeev nayan Priyadarshi Utpal Anand Department of Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatnaIndia Department of Radiodiagnosis All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatnaIndia Department of Surgical Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatnaIndia

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a systemic disor-der with a complex multifactorial pathogenesis and hetero-genous clinical ***,once believed to be an innocuous condition,has now become the most common cause of chronic liver disease in many countries *** is already highly prevalent in the general population,and owing to a rising incidence of obesity and diabetes mellitus,the incidence of NAFLD and its impact on global healthcare are expected to increase in the future.A subset of patients with NAFLD develops progressive liver disease lead-ing to cirrhosis,hepatocellular carcinoma,and liver *** has emerged as one of the leading causes of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in recent ***,HCC can occur in NAFLD even in absence of *** with the general population,NAFLD increases the risk of liver-related,cardiovascular and all-cause *** is bidirectionally associated with metabolic *** increases the risk and contributes to aggravation of the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis,cardiovascular diseases,diabetes mellitus,and chronic kidney *** addition,NAFLD is linked to colorectal polyps,polycystic ovarian syndrome,osteoporosis,obstructive sleep apnea,stroke,and various extrahepatic *** resection of steatotic liver is associated with increased risk of liver failure and *** is an increasing trend of NAFLD-related cirrhosis requiring liver transplantation,and the recurrence of NAFLD in such patients is almost *** review discusses the growing burden of NAFLD,its outcomes,and adverse associations with various diseases.

关键词： NAFLD NASH Metabolic Outcome Association

Modeling the transmission dynamics of a time-delayed epidemic model with saturated treatment rate

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生物数学学报:英文版 2023年第7期16卷 11-45页

作者： ranjit kumar Upadhyay Sattwika Acharya Department of Mathematics&Computing Indian Institute of Technology(Indian School of Mines)Dhanbad Jharkhand-826004 India

In this paper,an attempt has been made to explore a new delayed epidemiological model assuming that the disease is transmitted among the susceptible population and possessing nonlinear incidence function along with a saturated treatment *** attention is paid to the positivity and boundedness of the solutions and the bifurcation of the dynamical system as *** reproduction number is being calculated,and considering the latent period as a bifurcation parameter,it has been examined that a Hopf-bifurcation occurs near the endemic equilibrium point while the parameter attains critical *** have also discussed the stability and direction of Hopf-bifurcation near the endemic equilibrium point,the global stability analysis and the optimal control *** conclude that the system reveals chaotic dynamics through a specific time-delay *** simulations are being performed in order to explain the accuracy and effectiveness of the acquired theoretical results.

关键词： Infectious disease treatment rate chaotic dynamics bifurcation theory incidence function transmission dynamics global stability optimal control

Chronic renal dysfunction in cirrhosis:A new frontier in hepatology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第11期27卷 990-1005页

作者： Ramesh kumar Rajeev nayan Priyadarshi Utpal Anand Department of Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Radiodiagnosis All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Surgical Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507BiharIndia

Chronic kidney disease(CKD)in patients with liver cirrhosis has become a new frontier in *** recent years,a sharp increase in the diagnosis of CKD has been observed among patients with *** rising prevalence of risk factors,such as diabetes,hypertension and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,appears to have contributed significantly to the high prevalence of ***,the diagnosis of CKD in cirrhosis is now based on a reduction in the estimated glomerular filtration rate of<60 mL/min over more than 3 *** definition has resulted in a better differentiation of CKD from acute kidney injury(AKI),leading to its greater *** has also been noted that a significant proportion of AKI transforms into CKD in patients with decompensated *** in cirrhosis can be structural CKD due to kidney injury or functional CKD secondary to circulatory and neurohormonal *** available literature on combined cirrhosis-CKD is extremely limited,as most attempts to assess renal dysfunction in cirrhosis have so far concentrated on *** to problems related to glomerular filtration rate estimation in cirrhosis,the absence of reliable biomarkers of CKD and technical difficulties in performing renal biopsy in advanced cirrhosis,CKD in cirrhosis can present many challenges for *** combined hepatorenal dysfunctions,fluid mobilization becomes problematic,and there may be difficulties with drug tolerance,hemodialysis and decision-making regarding the need for liver vs simultaneous liver and kidney *** paper offers a thorough overview of the increasingly known CKD in patients with cirrhosis,with clinical consequences and difficulties occurring in the diagnosis and treatment of such patients.

关键词： Acute kidney injury Cirrhosis Chronic kidney disease Renal failure Hepatorenal syndrome Renal function

Impact of geomorphometric parameters on the occurrence and distribution of landslides in Yamuna River Basin,North-Western Himalaya,India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第8期19卷 2374-2396页

作者： Ravi SHANKAR Gyan Prakash SATYAM Prakash kumar SINGH Nilesh kumar RAI ranjit kumar PASWAN REED CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel ResearchDhanbad 826001India Department of Applied Geology Indian Institute of Technology(ISM)Dhanbad 826004India Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of AllahabadPrayagraj 211002Uttar PradeshIndia

The majority of landslides in the Indian Himalayas are triggered by rainfall and *** geology and geomorphology also play an important role and constitute the major predisposing factor controlling ***,active tectonics modify the landscape,impacting the occurrence and distribution of *** objective of this study is to investigate the role of some of the major predisposing factors to assess landslide patterns in the Yamuna River Basin as it is prone to recurrent landslide *** approach mainly deals with the application of geographical information system-based statistical analysis and quantifying frequency-area distribution of rainfalltriggered landslides for the years 2015 to *** analysis shows that the frequency of landslides is highest in the slope range 40°-70°and the mean landslide size is higher in the slope range 0°-20°and 30°-40°,remaining constant on further increase in slope *** study shows that some critical slope range controls both the frequency and size of *** were mostly restricted to south facing *** 91%of the landslide occur in the drainage density range of 1.2 to 2.1 km/km^(2) while landslides show very low occurrence in either lower(2.1)drainage *** distribution analysis of landslides depicts a distinct cutoff point but an indistinct rollover ***-sampling of small landslides can be a reasonable cause for *** other studies,the present data fits very well for medium and large landslides following an inverse power law with a scaling exponent *** 80% of landslides are smaller than the cutoff size and 20% larger than this *** geology and tectonics of Lesser Himalayas and Sivaliks offer favorable conditions for frequent *** such as Dehradun,Uttarkashi,Sirmaur,Shimla,and Solan are very prone to landslide activity owing to the presence of poorly consolidated sandstone,conglomerate,quartzites,phylli

关键词： Himalaya Geomorphometry Landslide Yamuna River Basin