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Protease supplementation reduced the heat increment of feed and improved energy and nitrogen partitioning in broilers fed maize-based diets with supplemental phytase and xylanase

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 19-25页

作者： Klint W.McCafferty Mingan Choct Sosthene Musigwa natalie K.Morgan Aaron J.Cowieson Amy F.Moss USDA-ARS Poultry Research Unit School of Environmental and Rural SciencesMississippi State39762United States University of New England ArmidaleNSW2351Australia DSM Nutritional Products Kaiseraugst4303Switzerland

An experiment was conducted to explore the effects of digestible amino acid(dAA)concentrations and supplemental protease on live performance and energy partitioning in *** 308 male broilers(n?288)were distributed into 24 floor pens and offered 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 6 replicates from 1 to 35 d of *** treatments consisted of a 2×2 factorial arrangement with dAA concentrations(standard and reduced[34 g/kg below standard])and supplemental protease(without or with)as the main *** 1,15,28,and 35 d of age,feed and broilerswereweighed to determine live ***20 to 23 d of age,a total of 32 birds(2 birds/chamber,4 replicates)were placed in closed-calorimeter chambers to determine respiratory exchange(heat production,HP),apparent metabolisable energy(AME),retained energy(RE),and net energy(NE).From 29 to 35 d of age,supplemental protease in the reduced-dAA diet decreased broiler feed conversion ratio(FCR)by 5.6 points,whereas protease supplementation in the standard-dAA diet increased FCR by 5.8 *** indirect calorimetry assay revealed that supplemental protease decreased(P<0.05)the heat increment of feed(HIF)by 0.22 MJ/***,from 20 to 23 d of age,broilers offered the reduced-dAA diet with supplemental protease had a higher daily body weight gain(BWG)(t10.4%),N intake(t7.1%),and N retention(t8.2%)than those offered the standard-dAA with supplemental *** offered the reduced-dAA without supplemental protease exhibited a 3.6%higher AME-to-crude protein(CP)ratio than those offered other *** supplementation in the standard-and reduced-dAA diets resulted in 2.7%and 5.6%lower AME intake-to-N retention ratios,respectively,compared with the unsupplemented ***-dAA increased(P<0.05)AME intake(t4.8%),RE(t9.8%),NE intake(t5.8%),NE intake-to-CP ratio(t3.0%),and RE fat-to-RE ratio(t8.6%).Protease supplementation increased(P<0.05)respiratory quotient(t1.2%)and N retention-to-N intake ratio(t2.2%),

关键词： Exogenous enzyme Mono-component protease Net energy Amino acid

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Predicting early outcomes of liver transplantation in young children: The EARLY study

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World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第1期10卷 62-72页

作者： Rashid Alobaidi natalie Anton Dominic Cave Elham Khodayari Moez Ari R Joffe Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine University of Alberta and Stollery Children’s Hospital School of Public Health University of Alberta

AIM To determine potentially modifiable predictors of early outcomes after liver transplantation in children of age < 3 *** This study was a retrospective chart review including all consecutive children of age less than 3-years-old having had a liver transplant done at the Western Canadian referral center from June 2005 to June ***-specified potential predictor variables and primary and secondary outcomes were recorded using standard definitions and a case report form. Associations between potential predictor variables and outcomes were determined using univariate and multiple logistic [odds ratio(OR); 95%CI] or linear(effect size, ES; 95%CI) regressions. RESULTS There were 65 children, of mean age 11.9(SD 7.1) mo and weight 8.5(2.1) kg, with biliary-atresia in 40(62%), who had a living related donor [LRD; 29(45%)], split/reduced [21(32%)] or whole liver graft [15(23%)]. Outcomes after liver transplant included: ventilator-days of 12.5(14.1); pediatric intensive care unit mortality of 5(8%); re-operation in 33(51%), hepatic artery thrombosis(HAT) in 12(19%), portal vein thrombosis(PVT) in 11(17%), and any severe complication(HAT, PVT, bile leak, bowel perforation, intraabdominal infection, retransplant, or death) in 32(49%) patients. Predictors of the prespecified primary outcomes on multiple regression were:(1) HAT: split/reduced(OR 0.06; 0.01, 0.76; P = 0.030) or LRD(OR 0.16; 0.03, 0.95; P = 0.044) vs whole liver graft; and(2) ventilator-days: surgeon(P < 0.05), lowest antithrombin(AT) postoperative day 2-5(ES-0.24;-0.47,-0.02; P = 0.034), and split/reduced(ES-12.5;-21.8,-3.2; P = 0.009) vs whole-liver graft. Predictors of the pre-specified secondary outcomes on multiple regression were:(1) any thrombosis: LRD(OR 0.10; 0.01, 0.71; P = 0.021) or split/reduced(OR 0.10; 0.01, 0.85; P = 0.034) vs whole liver graft, and lowest AT postoperative day 2-5(OR 0.93; 0.87, 0.99; P = 0.038); and(2) any severe complication: surgeon(P < 0.05), lowest AT postoperat

关键词： Liver transplantation Pediatric Complications Thrombosis Antithrombin

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Function coupling of otoferlin with GAD65 acts to modulate GABAergic activity

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2015年第2期7卷 168-179页

作者： Wu Wu Mona N.Rahman Jun Guo natalie Roy Lihua Xue Catherine M.Cahill Shetuan Zhang Zongchao Jia Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences Queen’s UniversityKingstonOntario K7L 3N6Canada Department of Anesthesiology&Perioperative Care University of California IrvineIrvineCAUSA

Otoferlin,an integral membrane protein implicated in a late stage of exocytosis,has been reported to play a critical role in hearing although the underlying mechanisms remain ***,its widespread tissue distribution infers a more ubiquitous role in synaptic vesicle ***,an excitatory neurotransmitter,is converted to its inhibitory counterpart,g-aminobutyric acid(GABA),by L-glutamic acid decarboxylase(GAD),which exists in soluble(GAD67)and membrane-bound(GAD65)*** the first time,we have revealed a close association between otoferlin and GAD65 in both HEK293 and neuronal cells,including SHSY5Y neuroblastoma and primary rat hippocampus cells,showing a direct interaction between GAD65 and otoferlin’s C2 *** primary rat hippocampus cells,otoferlin and GAD65 co-localized in a punctate pattern within the cell body,as well as in the axon along the path of vesicular ***,GABA is virtually abolished in otoferlin-knockdown neuronal cells whereas otoferlin overexpression markedly increases endogenous *** attenuation in otoferlin-knockdown primary cells is correlated with diminished L-type calcium *** previously unknown and close correlation demonstrates that otoferlin,through GAD65,modulates GABAergic *** discovery of otoferlin–GAD65 functional coupling provides a newavenue for understanding the molecular mechanism by which otoferlin functions in neurological pathways.

关键词： otoferlin GAD65 GABA neurotransmitter exocytosis

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Over-processed meat and bone meal and phytase effects on broilers challenged with subclinical necrotic enteritis:Part ***,intestinal lesions and pH,bacterial counts and apparent ileal digestibility

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Animal Nutrition 2020年第4期6卷 313-324页

作者： Holy K.Zanu Sarbast K.Kheravii natalie K.Morgan Michael R.Bedford Robert A.Swick School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidaleNEW 2351Australia AB Vista MarlboroughWiltshire SN84ANUnited Kingdow

This feeding study investigated the hypothesis that over-processing of meat and bone meal(MBM)would impair the performance,gut health and ileal digestibility of nutrients in birds challenged with necrotic enteritis(NE).The effect of phytase(500 vs.5,000 FTU/kg)was also examined using manufacturers recommended matrix values for 500 FTU for both *** 308 male broilers(n=768)were assigned to 8 diets,with 6 replicate pens per diet and 16 birds per replicate pen using a randomized design with a factorial arrangement of *** were NE challenge(no or yes),MBM(as received or overprocessed),and phytase level(500 or 5,000 FTU/kg).Half of the birds were challenged with 5,000 oocysts of field strains of Eimeria acervulina and Eimeria brunetti,and 2,500 oocysts of Eimeria maxima on d 9 and 10^8 CFU/mL of Clostridium perfringens strain EHE-NE18 on d 14 and 15 ***×MBM interactions were detected for weight gain(WG),feed conversion ratio(FCR)and feed intake(FI)at d 14,21 and 28,showing that challenged birds fed over-processed MBM had decreased WG(P0.05)at d *** fed low phytase had increased livability(P<0.05)at d *** challenge increased the prevalence and severity of NE induced lesions in the jejunum(P<0.05)and ileum(P<0.05).The birds fed over-processed MBM had decreased pH in the jejunum(P<0.05)and ileum(P<0.05)at d *** phytase increased apparent ileal digestibility(AID)of Ca(P<0.05)and P(P<0.05),and over-processed MBM increased AID of carbon(C;P<0.05)and Ca(P<0.05)at d *** challenge increased the caecal counts of Lactobacillus spp.(P<0.05)and ***(P<0.05)at d *** results indicated that supplementation of diets with high phytase reduces the negative impact on performance from over-processed MBM during NE as a result of increased nutrient digestibility.

关键词： Broilers Indigestible proteins Meat and bone meal Necrotic enteritis Phytase

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In One Ear and Out the Other

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科技英语学习 2009年第5期 6-9页

作者： natalie Angier 王利斌

“一个耳朵进一个耳朵出”大多是由于心不在焉。有关人类记忆深层结构的研究却发现，笑话的记忆并非完全如此。这是因为，笑话的展开通常有悖常理，以细节取胜，且其幽默特质在某种程度上也会分散人们的注意力；而受工作记忆存储量的限... 详细信息

“一个耳朵进一个耳朵出”大多是由于心不在焉。有关人类记忆深层结构的研究却发现，笑话的记忆并非完全如此。这是因为，笑话的展开通常有悖常理，以细节取胜，且其幽默特质在某种程度上也会分散人们的注意力；而受工作记忆存储量的限制，人们即使用心，也很难以大脑擅长的组块形式更好地对笑话进行编码记忆。

关键词：人类记忆深层结构存储量

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Electroacupuncture alleviates stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity through an opioid system in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第48期18卷 7201-7211页

作者： Yuan-Yuan Zhou natalie J Wanner Ying Xiao Xuan-Zheng Shi Xing-Hong Jiang Jian-Guo Gu Guang-Yin Xu Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Pain Research and Therapy Soochow Uni-versity Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu Province China Divisionof Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX 77555-0655United States Department of Anesthesiology and the GraduateProgram in Neuroscience University of Cincinnati College ofMedicine Cincinnati OH 45267-0531 United States

AIM:To investigate whether stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity could be alleviated by electroacupuncture(EA) and whether EA effect was mediated by endogenous ***:Six to nine week-old male SpragueDawley rats were used in this *** hypersensitivity was induced by a 9-d heterotypic intermittent stress(HIS) protocol composed of 3 randomly stressors,which included cold restraint stress at 4?℃ for 45 min,water avoidance stress for 60 min,and forced swimming stress for 20 min,in adult male *** extent of visceral hypersensitivity was quantified by electromyography or by abdominal withdrawal reflex(AWR) scores of colorectal distension at different distention pressures(20 mmHg,40 mmHg,60 mmHg and 80 mmHg).AWR scores either 0,1,2,3 or 4 were obtained by a blinded *** or sham EA was performed at classical acupoint ST-36(Zu-San-Li) or BL-43(Gao-Huang) in both hindlimbs of rats for 30 ***(NLX) or NLX methiodide(m-NLX) was administered intraperitoneally to HIS rats in some ***:HIS rats displayed an increased sensitivity to colorectal distention,which started from 6 h(the first measurement),maintained for 24 h,and AWR scores returned to basal levels at 48 h and 7 d after HIS compared to pre-HIS baseline at different distention *** AWR scores before HIS were 0.6 ± 0.2,1.3 ± 0.2,1.9 ± 0.2 and 2.3 ± 0.2 for 20 mmHg,40 mmHg,60 mmHg and 80 mmHg distention pressures,*** hours after termination of the last stressor,the AWR scores were 2.0 ± 0.1,2.5 ± 0.1,2.8 ± 0.2 and 3.5 ± 0.2 for 20 mmHg,40 mmHg,60 mmHg and 80 mmHg distention pressures,*** given at classical acupoint ST-36 in both hindlimbs for 30 min significantly attenuated the hypersensitive responses to colorectal distention in HIS rats compared with sham EA treatment [AWRs at 20 mmHg:2.0 ± 0.2 vs 0.7 ± 0.1,P = 4.23 711 E-4;AWRs at 40 mmHg:2.6 ± 0.2 vs 1.5 ± 0.2,P = 0.00 163;AWRs at 60 mmHg:3.1 ± 0.2 vs 1.9 ± 0.1,P = 0.003;AWRs at 80

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Visceral pain Electroacupuncture Opioid pathway Stress

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GRK5 is an essential co-repressor of the cardiac mineralocorticoid receptor and is selectively induced by finerenone

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World Journal of Cardiology 2022年第4期14卷 220-230页

作者： Celina M Pollard Malka S Suster natalie Cora Alexandra M Carbone Anastasios Lymperopoulos Laboratory for the Study of Neurohormonal Control of the Circulation Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences(Pharmacology)College of PharmacyNova Southeastern UniversityFort LauderdaleFL 33328-2018United States

BACKGROUND In the heart,aldosterone(Aldo)binds the mineralocorticoid receptor(MR)to exert damaging,adverse remodeling-promoting *** recently showed that G protein-coupled receptor-kinase(GRK)-5 blocks the cardiac MR by directly phosphorylating it,thereby repressing its transcriptional *** antagonist(MRA)drugs block the cardiac MR reducing morbidity and mortality of advanced human heart ***-steroidal MRAs,such as finerenone,may provide better cardio-protection against Aldo than classic,steroidal MRAs,like spironolactone and *** To investigate potential differences between finerenone and eplerenone at engaging GRK5-dependent cardiac MR phosphorylation and subsequent *** We used H9c2 cardiomyocytes,which endogenously express the MR and *** GRK5 phosphorylates the MR in H9c2 cardiomyocytes in response to finerenone but not to *** eplerenone,finerenone alone potently and efficiently suppresses cardiac MR transcriptional activity,thus displaying inverse ***5 is necessary for finerenone’s inverse agonism,since GRK5 genetic deletion renders finerenone incapable of blocking cardiac MR transcriptional *** alone does not fully suppress cardiac MR basal activity regardless of GRK5 expression ***,GRK5 is necessary for the antiapoptotic,anti-oxidative,and anti-fibrotic effects of both finerenone and eplerenone against Aldo,as well as for the higher efficacy and potency of finerenone at blocking Aldo-induced apoptosis,oxidative stress,and *** Finerenone,but not eplerenone,induces GRK5-dependent cardiac MR inhibition,which underlies,at least in part,its higher potency and efficacy,compared to eplerenone,as an MRA in the ***5 acts as a co-repressor of the cardiac MR and is essential for efficient MR antagonism in the myocardium.

关键词： Aldosterone Cardiac myocyte Finerenone G protein-coupled receptor kinase-5 Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist Signal transduction

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Perceived barriers and facilitators of day-case surgery for major foot and ankle procedures?A cross-sectional survey of United Kingdom surgeons

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第4期14卷 248-259页

作者： Amber Berry Linzy Houchen-Wolloff natalie Crane David Townshend Robert Clayton Jitendra Mangwani Department of Physiotherapy Spire HospitalLeicester LE22FFUnited Kingdom Department of Physiotherapy University Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustLeicester LE39QPUnited Kingdom Department of Orthopaedics Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation TrustNorth Sheilds NE298NHUnited Kingdom Department of Orthopaedics Victoria HospitalKirkcaldy KY25AHUnited Kingdom Academic Team of Musculoskeletal Surgery University Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustLeicester LE54PWUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Advances in minimally invasive surgery and improved post-operative pain management make it possible to consider performing even major foot/ankle operations as *** could have significant benefits for patients and the health *** there are theoretical concerns about post-operative complications and patient satisfaction due to *** To scope the current practice of foot and ankle surgeons on day-case surgery for major foot and ankle procedures in the United Kingdom(UK).METHODS An online survey(19 questions)was sent to UK foot and ankle surgeons via the British Orthopaedic Foot&Ankle Society membership list in August *** foot and ankle procedures were defined as surgery that is usually performed as an inpatient in majority of centres and day-case as same day discharge,with day surgery as the intended treatment *** 132 people responded to the survey invitation with 80%working in Acute NHS *** 45%of respondents perform less than 100 day-case surgeries per year for these procedures.78%felt that there was scope to perform more procedures as day-case at their ***-operative pain(34%)and patient satisfaction(10%)was not highly measured within their *** of adequate physiotherapy input pre/post-operatively(23%)and lack of out of hours support(21%)were the top perceived barriers to performing more major foot and ankle procedures as *** There is consensus among UK surgeons to do more major foot/ankle procedures as *** of hours support and physiotherapy input pre/post-op were perceived as the main *** theoretical concerns about post-operative pain and satisfaction this was only measured by a third of those *** is a need for nationally agreed protocols to optimise the delivery of and measurement of outcomes in this type of *** a local level,the provision of physiotherapy and out of hours support should be explored at sites where this is a percei

关键词： Day-case Foot Ankle Physiotherapy Survey

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Keeping an ear out:size relationship of the tympanic bullae and pinnae in bandicoots and bilbies(Marsupialia:Peramelemorphia)

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Current Zoology 2022年第3期68卷 251-264页

作者： Melissa C.TAYLOR Kenny J.TRAVOUILLON Margaret E.ANDREW Patricia A.FLEMING natalie M.WARBURTON Terrestrial Ecosystem Science and Sustainability Harry Butler InstituteMurdoch University90 South StMurdochWA 6150Australia Collections and Research Western Australian MuseumWelshpoolWA 6106Australia

Bandicoots and bilbies(Order Peramelemorphia)occupy a broad range of habitats across Australia and New Guinea,from open,arid deserts to dense *** once diverse group has been particularly vulnerable to habitat loss and introduced eutherian predators,and numerous species extinctions and range retractions have *** reasons for this loss requires greater understanding of their *** of the pinnae and tympanic bullae varies markedly among *** hearing is important for both predator avoidance and prey location,the variability in ear morphology could reflect specialization and adaptation to specific environments,and therefore be of conservation *** measured 798 museum specimens representing 29 species of *** for phylogenetic relatedness and head length,pinna surface area was weakly negatively correlated with average precipitation(rainfall being our surrogate measure of vegetation productivity/complexity),and there were no environmental correlates with effective diameter(pinna width).Controlling for phylogenetic relatedness and skull length,tympanic bulla volume was negatively correlated with *** that inhabited drier habitats,which would be open and allow sound to carry further with less obstruction,had relatively larger pinnae and tympanic *** contrast,species from higher rainfall habitats,where sounds would be attenuated and diffused by dense vegetation,had the smallest pinnae and bullae,suggesting that low-frequency hearing is not as important in these *** with temperature did not reach statistical *** findings highlight linkages between hearing traits and habitat that can inform conservation and management strategies for threatened species.

关键词： external ear hearing ecology marsupial middle ear sound perception

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Post-hoc power analysis:a conceptually valid approach for power based on observed study data

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General Psychiatry 2022年第4期35卷 266-272页

作者： natalie E Quach Kun Yang Ruohui Chen Justin Tu Manfei Xu Xin M Tu Xinlian Zhang Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity ScienceUC San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA Department of Orthopedics Emory HealthcareEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA Shanghai Mental Health Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina

Power analysis is a key component of planning prospective studies such as clinical ***,some journals in biomedical and psychosocial sciences request power analysis for data already collected and analysed before acceptingmanuscripts for *** have raised concerns about the conceptual basis for such post-hoc power *** recently,Zhang et al showed by using simulation studies that such power analyses do not indicate true power for detecting statistical significance since post-hoc power estimates vary in the range of practical interests and can be very different from the true *** the other hand,journals'request for information about the reliability of statistical findings in a manuscript due to small sample sizes is justified since the sample size plays an important role in the reproducibility of statistical *** problem is the wording of the journals'request,as the current power analysis paradigm is not designed to address journals'concerns about the reliability of the statistical *** this paper,we propose an alternate formulation of power analysis to provide a conceptually valid approach to the journals'wrongly worded but practically significant concern.

关键词： power approach sizes

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