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Morphological changes of doxorubicin-loaded liposomes observed by atomic force microscopy

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2016年第1期11卷 60-61页

作者： naoki Takahashi Keisuke Ueda Kenjirou Higashi Keiji yamamoto Kunikazu Moribe Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chiba University

Liposomes, closed vesicles composed of lipid bilayers, have been widely used as pharmaceutical carriers. Liposomal formulations containing doxorubicin (DOX) of an anticancer drug are developed to reduce toxic side effects and to improve drug accumulation at tumor tissues. An encapsulation of DOX into the inner water phase of liposomes results in the formations of fibrous DOX bundles and the elongation of the liposomes [1].In this study, atomic force microscopy (AFM).

关键词： Liposome Doxorubicin Atomic force microscopy

Improvement of regional cerebral blood flow after oral intake of ranched-chain amino acids in patients with cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第43期11卷 6792-6799页

作者： Mika yamamoto Motoh Iwasa Kaname Matsumura Yuri Nakagawa naoki Fujita Yoshinao Kobayashi Masahiko Kaito Kan Takeda Yukihiko Adachi Department of Internal Medicine Department of Radiology

AIM： To evaluate the effect of oral intake of branchedchain amino acids （BCAA） on brain perfusion in patients with liver cirrhosis. METHODS： Single photon emission computed tomography scans were performed in 43 patients with cirrhosis and in 15 age-matched healthy subjects. Twenty-nine out of forty-three patients were randomly treated with either BCAA granules or placebo, and single photon emission computed tomography was performed before and after the treatment. We measured the regional cerebral blood flow values using a threedimensional stereotaxic region of interest template. RESULTS： Cirrhotic patients had regions of significant hypoperfusion in the bilateral central （right P = 0.039, P〈0.05; left P = 0.006 P〈0.01）, parietal （right P = 0.028, P〈0.05; left P = 0.009, P〈0.01）, angular （right P = 0.039, P〈0.05; left P = 0.008, P〈0.01）, and left pericallosal segments （P = 0.038 P〈0.05） as compared with healthy subjects. A significant increase in cerebral perfusion was observed 70 min after the oral intake of BCAA in the angular （right P = 0.012, P〈0.05; left P = 0.049, P〈0.05）, temporal （right P = 0.012, P〈0.05; left P=0.038, P〈0.05）, pericallosal segments （right P = 0.025, P〈0.05; left P = 0.049, P〈0.05） and left precentral （P = 0.044, P〈0.05）, parietal （P = 0.040, P〈0.05） and thalamus （P = 0.033, P〈0.05）. No significant change in perfusion was observed in the placebo group. CONCLUSION： Administration of BCAA rapidly improves cerebral perfusion.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Cerebral blood flow Branchedchain amino acids

Multi-Physics CFD Simulations in Engineering

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Journal of Thermal Science 2013年第4期22卷 287-293页

作者： Makoto yamamoto Tokyo University of Science Department of Mechanical Engineering 6-3-1 NiijukuKatsushika-ku Tokyo 125-8585 Japan

Nowadays Computational Fluid Dynamics （CFD） software is adopted as a design and analysis tool in a great number of engineering fields. We can say that single-physics CFD has been suffciently matured in the practical point of view. The main target of existing CFD software is single-phase flows such as water and air. However, many multi-physics problems exist in engineering. Most of them consist of flow and other physics, and the interactions between different physics are very important. Obviously, multi-physics phenomena are critical in devel- oping machines and processes. A multi-physics phenomenon seems to be very complex, and it is so difficult to be predicted by adding other physics to flow phenomenon. Therefore, multi-physics CFD techniques are still under research and development. This would be caused from the facts that processing speed of current computers is not fast enough for conducting a multi-physics simulation, and furthermore physical models except for flow physics have not been suitably established. Therefore, in near future, we have to develop various physical models and ef- ficient CFD techniques, in order to success multi-physics simulations in engineering. In the present paper, I will describe the present states of multi-physics CFD simulations, and then show some numerical results such as ice accretion and electro-chemical machining process of a three-dimensional compressor blade which were obtained in my laboratory. Multi-physics CFD simulations would be a key technology in near future.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics Multi-physics Engineering problems

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SOLUBLE POLYPHENYLENE COMPOSED OF p-PHENYLENE AND m-PHENYLENE UNITS

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2002年第4期20卷 333-337页

作者： Takakazu yamamoto Chemical Resources Laboratory Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan

NiCl2(bpy) catalyzed polycondensation between p-dibromobenzene and m-dibromobenzene has been carried out under various conditions. The polycondensation endows the copolymer with an M-n of 2300 (by GPC, polystyrene standards) and good solubility in organic solvents. The fluorescence spectra of the copolymer measured with tetrahydrofuran solution shows an emission maximum (lambda(max)) at 372.8 nm, whereas for the film the maximum shifts to 436.6 nm.

关键词： polyphenylene copolycondensation conjugated polymer

Flow separation control by using bowed blade in highly loaded turbine cascades

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第6期52卷 1471-1477页

作者： yamamoto Atsumasa Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

Due to the serious flow separations and centralized vortices,there are high secondary losses in highly loaded *** is imperative to find measures to control the flow separation and vortices hence improve the turbine *** paper reports our recent progress on flow separation and vor-tices control in highly loaded turbine cascades by using bowed *** sets of highly loaded tur-bine cascades with the turning angles of 113° and 160°,and each with 7 bowed blade angles 0°(straight),±10°,±20° and ±30° were experimentally *** internal flow field measurement and flow visualization on the blade surfaces were conducted,and the effects of blade bowing on the flow topology,distribution of vorticity and the flow energy loss were *** results show that,for the cascade with the turning angle of 113°,the appropriately positive bow angle could reduce the flow energy loss;whereas for the cascade with the turning angle of 160°,the well selected negative bow angle can give the better aerodynamic performance.

关键词： turbine cascade turning angle flow separation bowed blade

An Inverse Problem for Maxwell's Equations in Anisotropic Media

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2007年第1期28卷 35-54页

作者： Masahiro yamamoto Graduate School of Mathematical Sciences The University of Tokyo 3-8-1 Komaba Meguro Tokyo 153Japan

The authors consider Maxwell＇s equations for an isomagnetic anisotropic and inhomogeneous medium in two dimensions, and discuss an inverse problem of determining the permittivity tensor （ε1,ε2,ε2,ε3 ） and the permeability μ in the constitutive relations from a finite number of lateral boundary measurements. Applying a Carleman estimate, the authors prove an estimate of the Lipschitz type for stability, provided that ε1,ε2,ε3,μ satisfy some a priori conditions.

关键词： Anisotropic media Inverse problem Maxwell's equations Carleman estimate Lipschitz stability

Effects of Hydrogen-bonding Interaction and Polarity on Emission Spectrum of Naphthalene-Triethylamine in Mixed Solvent

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2004年第5期20卷 606-611页

作者： Yoshimi Sueishi Shunzo yamamoto Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University 3-1-1 Tsushima-Naka Okayama 700-8530 JapanGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University 3-1-1 Tsushima-Naka Okayama 700-8530 Japan

The effects of the protic and aprotic polar solvents on the emission spectrum of the naphthalene-triethyl-amine system in THF were studied under conditions of steady-state illumination. The fluorescence spectrum of the naphthalene-triethylamine system consists of two emission bands, the fluorescence band of naphthalene(band A, 329 nm) and the emission band of the exciplex(band B, 468 nm). The intensities of both the emission bands decrease with increasing the solvent polarity. The intensity of band B also decreases due to the hydrogen-bonding interaction between triethylamine and protic solvent, while that of band A increases. It is thus suggested that the quenching of naphthalene fluorescence by triethylamine in THF occurs through the charge transfer and electron transfer reactions. The spectral changes upon the increase of solvent polarity can be explained by the dependences of the equilibrium constant between exciplex and ion-pair and the rate constant for the electron transfer reaction from triethylamine to the excited naphthalene on the relative permittivity of solvent. It is shown that the formation of intermolecular hydrogen-bonding between triethylamine and protic solvent suppresses the quenching reaction by the decrease in free amine. Acetonitrile has only a polar effect and trichloroacetic acid only a hydrogen-bonding(or protonation) effect, while alcohols have both the effects. The effects of alcohols could be separated into the effects of solvent polarity and intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interaction quantitatively.

关键词： Naphthalene-triethylamine Fluorescence spectrum Solvent effect Solvent polarity Hydrogen-bonding interaction.

Influences of Incidence Angle on 2D-Flow and Secondary Flow Structure in Ultra-Highly Loaded Turbine Cascade

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Journal of Thermal Science 2014年第1期23卷 13-21页

作者： Hoshio Tsujita Atsumasa yamamoto Department of Mechanical Engineering Hosei University3-7-2Kajino-choKoganei-shiTokyo Japan

An increase of turbine blade loading can reduce the numbers of blade and stage of gas turbines. However, an increase of blade loading makes the secondary flow much stronger because of the steep pitch-wise pressure gradient in the cascade passage, and consequently deteriorates the turbine efficiency. In this study, the computations were performed for the flow in an ultra-highly loaded turbine cascade with high turning angle in order to clarify the effects of the incidence angle on the two dimensional flow and the secondary flow in the cascade passage, which cause the profile loss and the secondary loss, respectively. The computed results showed good agreement with the experimental surface oil flow visualizations and the blade surface static pressure at mid-span of the blade. The profile loss was strongly increased by the increase of incidence angle especially in the positive range. Moreover, the positive incidences not only strengthened the horseshoe vortex and the passage vortex but also induced a new vortex on the end-wall. Moreover, the newly formed vortex influenced the formation of the pressure side leg of horseshoe vortex.

关键词： Turbine Cascade Incidence Angle Numerical Analysis Secondary Flow

Thermal Analysis of Resin Composites with Ellipsoidal Filler Considering Thermal Boundary Resistance

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Journal of Thermal Science 2016年第5期25卷 424-430页

作者： Yusuke Asakuma Tsuyoshi yamamoto Department of Chemical Engineering University of Hyogo Department of Chemical Engineering Kyushu University

The effective thermal conductivity of composites with ellipsoidal fillers is analyzed by using a homogenization method that is able to represent the microstructure *** this study,various parameters such as the volume fraction,shape,and distribution of the filler are quantitatively estimated to understand the mechanisms of heat transfer in the ***,thermal boundary resistance between resin and filler is important for obtaining composites with higher thermal ***,the anisotropy of the effective thermal conductivity arises from contact between filler in the case of ellipsoidal filler and produces lower thermal ***,the filler network and thermal resistance are essential for the heat transfer in composites because the path of thermal conduction is improved by contact between neighboring filler particles.

关键词： effective thermal conductivity homogenization method multiscale analysis composite.