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Rare earth element geochemistry in soils along arid and semiarid grasslands in northern China

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 386-399页

作者： Yi‑Wen Cao Xiao‑Ming Liu Chao Wang Edith Bai nanping wu CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Earth Marine and Environmental SciencesUniversity of North Carolina‑Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27515USA Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security of Changbai Mountains School of Geographical SciencesNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China Institute of Deep‑Sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesSanya 572000China

Background:Rare earth elements(REE)are a group of trace elements that behave geochemically coherently.REE fractionation patterns normalized to reference materials provide a powerful tool for documenting pedogenesis.Insoil processes are particularly difficult to illustrate with respect to contemporary and past climate conditions.In this study,we characterize the rare earth element(REE)contents in bulk soils and respective geochemical fractions(e.g.,exchangeable,carbonate‑bound,reducible,and oxidizable fractions)and to decipher the relationships between REE geochemistry components and climatic factors across a large‑scale northern China transect(NCT).Results:Across the NCT,bulk REE concentrations ranged from 55.2 to 241.1μg g^(−1)with a main portion in the residual fraction(49–79%),followed by oxidizable fraction(2–40%),reducible fraction(3–22%),carbonate‑bound fraction(0.1–16%),and negligible exchangeable fraction.The REE contents of geochemical components(carbonate‑bound,reducible,and oxidizable)in topsoils correlated to climate factors(mean annual precipitation,mean annual temperature,potential evaporation,and aridity index(AI)).The normalized abundances to the upper continental crust(UCC)composition show that the middle REE was generally enriched than the light REE and heavy REE in topsoils along the transect.The overall UCC‑normalized bulk REE patterns in topsoils and subsoils were similar,characterized by weak negative Ce anomalies and positive Eu anomalies.Conclusions:Our data in topsoils and depth profiles collectively suggest that cycling of REE was primarily regulated by abiotic processes in area with AI0.3.The similar UCC normalized patterns in topsoils suggest that the REE was originated from a common source with limited influences from other sources(e.g.,atmospheric dusts and anthropogenic contribu‑tions).Our results to some extent provide evidence for climatic influence REE distribution patterns bo

关键词： Rare earth elements Soil Grassland Northern China Aridity index

Oldhamite:a new link in upper mantle for C-O-S-Ca cycles and an indicator for planetary habitability

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National Science Review 2023年第10期10卷 44-53页

作者： Yuegao Liu I-Ming Chou Jiangzhi Chen nanping wu Wenyuan Li Leon Bagas Minghua Ren Zairong Liu Shenghua Mei Liping Wang CAS Key Laboratory for Experimental Study under Deep-sea Extreme Conditions Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Hainan Deep-Sea Technology Innovation Center Xi'an Center of Geological Survey China Geological Survey Department of Geoscience University of Nevada Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Southern University of Science and Technology

In the solar system,oldhamite(CaS) is generally considered to be formed by the condensation of solar nebula gas.Enstatite chondrites,one of the most important repositories of oldhamite,are believed to be representative of the material that formed Earth.Thus,the formation mechanism and the evolution process of oldhamite are of great significance to the deep understanding of the solar nebula,meteorites,the origin of Earth,and the C-O-S-Ca cycles of Earth.Until now,oldhamite has not been reported to occur in mantle rock.However,here we show the formation of oldhamite through the reaction between sulfide-bearing orthopyroxenite and molten CaCO3at 1.5 GPa/1510 K,0.5 GPa/1320 K,and 0.3 GPa/1273 K.Importantly,this reaction occurs at oxygen fugacities within the range of upper-mantle conditions,six orders of magnitude higher than that of the solar nebula mechanism.Oldhamite is easily oxidized to CaSO4or hydrolysed to produce calcium hydroxide.Low oxygen fugacity of magma,extremely low oxygen content of the atmosphere,and the lack of a large amount of liquid water on the celestial body’ s surface are necessary for the widespread existence of oldhamite on the surface of a celestial body otherwise,anhydrite or gypsum will exist in large quantities.Oldhamites may exist in the upper mantle beneath mid-ocean ridges.Additionally,oldhamites may have been a contributing factor to the early Earth’s atmospheric hypoxia environment,and the transient existence of oldhamites during the interaction between reducing sulfur-bearing magma and carbonate could have had an impact on the changes in atmospheric composition during the Permian-Triassic Boundary.

关键词： oldhamite middle-ocean ridge large igneous province Great Oxidation Event oxygen fugacity

Recombinant human interferon-α1b inhibits SARS-CoV-2 better than interferon-α2b in vitro

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Virologica Sinica 2022年第2期37卷 295-298页

作者： Danrong Shi Keda Chen Xiangyun Lu Linfang Cheng Tianhao Weng Fumin Liu nanping wu Lanjuan Li Hangping Yao State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China Shulan International Medical College Zhejiang Shuren UniversityHangzhou310015China

Dear Editor,The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)outbreak,has spread across the world(wu et al.,2020).The causative agent of COVID-19,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),is highly pathogenic and infectious,which become a major public health hazard that has had a devastating social and economic impact worldwide(Li Q.Q.et al.,2020).Variants of the virus have emerged that behave differently(CDC2021;Gobeil et al.,2020;Leung et al.,2021).Some of them show increased infectivity(Li Q.et al.,2020;Zhang et al.,2020)and may escape from neutralizing antibodies(Weisblum et al.,2020).

关键词： interferon acute

Preventive and therapeutic benefits of nelfinavir in rhesus macaques and human beings infected with SARS-CoV-2

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第5期8卷 2384-2391页

作者： Zhijian Xu Danrong Shi Jian-Bao Han Yun Ling Xiangrui Jiang Xiangyun Lu Chuan Li Likun Gong Guangbo Ge Yani Zhang Yi Zang Tian-Zhang Song Xiao-Li Feng Ren-Rong Tian Jia Ji Miaojin Zhu nanping wu Chunhui wu Zhen Wang Yechun Xu Cheng Peng Min Zheng Junling Yang Feifei Du Junliang wu Peipei Wang Jingshan Shen Jianliang Zhang Yong-Tang Zheng Hangping Yao Weiliang Zhu State Key Laboratory of Drug Research Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China Drug Discovery and Design Center Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China School of Pharmacy University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesFirst Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China Kunming National High-level Biosafety Research Center for Non-human Primates Center for Biosafety Mega-ScienceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan650107China Department of Infectious Disease Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterFudan UniversityShanghai201508China Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine ResearchShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai201203China Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan650223China Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory Jinan250117China

Effective drugs with broad spectrum safety profile to all people are highly expected to combat COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2.Here we report that nelfinavir,an FDA approved drug for the treatment of HIV infection,is effective against SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19.Preincubation of nelfinavir could inhibit the activity of the main protease of the SARS-CoV-2(IC50=8.26μM),while its antiviral activity in Vero E6 cells against a clinical isolate of SARS-CoV-2 was determined to be 2.93μM(EC50).In comparison with vehicle-treated animals,rhesus macaque prophylactically treated with nelfinavir had significantly lower temperature and significantly reduced virus loads in the nasal and anal swabs of the animals.At necropsy,nelfinavir-treated animals had a significant reduction of the viral replication in the lungs by nearly three orders of magnitude.A prospective clinic study with 37 enrolled treatment-naive patients at Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center,which were randomized(1:1)to nelfinavir and control groups,showed that the nelfinavir treatment could shorten the duration of viral shedding by 5.5 days(9.0 vs.14.5 days,P=0.055)and the duration of fever time by 3.8 days(2.8 vs.6.6 days,P=0.014)in mild/moderate COVID-19 patients.The antiviral efficiency and clinical benefits in rhesus macaque model and in COVID-19 patients,together with its well-established good safety profile in almost all ages and during pregnancy,indicated that nelfinavir is a highly promising medication with the potential of preventative effect for the treatment of COVID-19.

关键词： drugs infected treatment

Optimized CeO_(2) Nanowires with Rich Surface Oxygen Vacancies Enable Fast Li-Ion Conduction in Composite Polymer Electrolytes

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第1期6卷 218-223页

作者： Lu Gao Nan wu nanping Deng Zhenchao Li Jianxin Li Yong Che Bowen Cheng Weimin Kang Ruiping Liu Yutao Li State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes School of Textile Science and EngineeringTiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at AustinAustin TX 78712USA Department of Materials of Science and Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Enpower Energy Corp. Beijing 102600China

Low-cost and flexible solid polymer electrolytes are promising in all-solid-state Li-metal batteries with high energy density and safety.However,both the low room-temperature ionic conductivities and the small Li^(+)transference number of these electrolytes significantly increase the internal resistance and overpotential of the battery.Here,we introduce Gd-doped CeO_(2) nanowires with large surface area and rich surface oxygen vacancies to the polymer electrolyte to increase the interaction between Gd-doped CeO_(2) nanowires and polymer electrolytes,which promotes the Li-salt dissociation and increases the concentration of mobile Li ions in the composite polymer electrolytes.The optimized composite polymer electrolyte has a high Li-ion conductivity of 5×10^(-4)4 S cm^(-1) at 30℃ and a large Li+transference number of 0.47.Moreover,the composite polymer electrolytes have excellent compatibility with the metallic lithium anode and high-voltage LiNi_(0.8)Mn _(0.1)Co_(0.1)O_(2)(NMC)cathode,providing the stable cycling of all-solid-state batteries at high current densities.

关键词： composite polymer electrolytes,Gd-doped CeO_(2)nanowires Li-ion conduction oxygen vacancies surface interaction

A reconnaissance of Cu isotopic compositions of hydrothermal vein-type copper deposit, Jinman, Yunnan, China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第3期47卷 247-250页

作者： JIANG Shaoyong Jon Woodhead YU Jimin PAN Jiayong LIAO Oiling wu nanping State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research Department of Earth SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China School of Earth Sciences Melbourne UniversityVic 3010Australia

The Jinman deposit is a low-temperature hydrothermal vein-type copper deposit, which occurs along faults and fractures within Middle Jurassic sandstone and mudstone units of the Lanping-Simao Mesozoic-Cenozoic basin of Yunnan Province. In this note, we report for the first time the Cu isotopic compositions of Cu-sulfides from the Jinman deposit. The data show large variations and low δ65Cu values of -3.70‰ to +0.30‰, which are in sharp con-trast to the δ65Cu values of high-temperature mag-matic-hydrothermal copper deposits (-0.62‰ to +0.40‰) and the modern ocean-floor massive sulfide deposits (-0.48‰ to +1.15‰). It is suggested that the Cu isotope fractionation at Jinman is affected mainly by the following factors, i.e. a low temperature of ore formation (150-286℃); a sedimen-tary source for ore materials; various stages of ore deposition; and involvement of organic matter in the ore-forming proc-esses.

关键词： Cu isotopes Cu-sulfides hydrothermal vein-type deposit Jinman Yunnan.

全自动血细胞分析仪血常规检验对地中海贫血和缺铁性贫血诊断分析

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中国医药指南 2024年第18期22卷 103-105页

作者：吴婷南平市武夷山市洋庄乡卫生院检验科南平354312

目的研究地中海贫血、缺铁性贫血两种疾病,在诊断鉴别过程中,应用全自动血细胞分析仪血常规检验技术的临床价值。方法选择2022年1月至2023年12月间,在我院接受治疗的地中海贫血、缺铁性贫血确诊患者各50例,并将其分别定义为地中海贫血... 详细信息

目的研究地中海贫血、缺铁性贫血两种疾病,在诊断鉴别过程中,应用全自动血细胞分析仪血常规检验技术的临床价值。方法选择2022年1月至2023年12月间,在我院接受治疗的地中海贫血、缺铁性贫血确诊患者各50例,并将其分别定义为地中海贫血组、缺铁性贫血组,整体100例患者定为研究组。再抽取同期进行健康体检的非贫血健康人病历资料100名,将其定义为对照组。三组研究对象均利用全自动血细胞分析仪对血常规指标进行测定,并进行对比分析。结果地中海贫血组、缺铁性贫血组的红细胞相关指标和血红蛋白(Hb)水平低于对照组(P<0.05),而红细胞平均体积(MCV)高于对照组(P<0.05)。地中海贫血组的红细胞计数(RBC)、红细胞分布宽度(RDW)、平均红细胞血红蛋白量(MCH)、红细胞平均体积(MCV)低于缺铁性贫血组(P<0.05),而平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)和血红蛋白(Hb)水平高于缺铁性贫血组(P<0.05)。结论研究显示,贫血患者的血常规指标与健康人不同,地中海贫血和缺铁性贫血在红细胞相关指标上有特异性差异,可作为诊断参考。

关键词：缺铁性贫血地中海贫血全自动血细胞分析仪血常规诊断

TiO_(2)-SiO_(2)二元气凝胶空气净化涂层制备及性能

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宁夏师范学院学报 2024年第1期45卷 54-59页

作者：吴超滨福建林业职业技术学院建筑工程系福建南平353000

为解决室内甲醛净化用气凝胶复合涂料催化效率低的问题,通过非超临界干燥和溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO_(2)-SiO_(2)凝胶球,最终制备出TiO_(2)-SiO_(2)二元气凝胶空气净化涂料.基于此,分析了TiO_(2)-SiO_(2)凝胶球的表面形貌、孔结构和特征谱图... 详细信息

为解决室内甲醛净化用气凝胶复合涂料催化效率低的问题,通过非超临界干燥和溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO_(2)-SiO_(2)凝胶球,最终制备出TiO_(2)-SiO_(2)二元气凝胶空气净化涂料.基于此,分析了TiO_(2)-SiO_(2)凝胶球的表面形貌、孔结构和特征谱图,并利用光催化/吸附法测定N_(2)吸附-脱附曲线.实验表明,微米级的TiO_(2)-SiO_(2)气凝胶球为透明轻质固体,直径约为1.5 mm,孔的直径分布范围5~22.5 nm,吸附/光催化协同作用使其对甲醛的去除率可达87.2%.

关键词： TiO_(2)-SiO_(2) 二元气凝胶球净化甲醛

氮磷钾配方施肥对丹桂苗木叶片内源激素含量的影响

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西南林业大学学报（自然科学） 2024年第3期44卷 61-70页

作者：吴磊何易蔓余雯静颜晓艺吴承祯李键福建农林大学林学院福建福州350002 福建农林大学福建省高校森林生态系统过程与经营重点实验室福建福州350002 福建农林大学生命科学学院福建福州350002 武夷学院生态与资源工程学院福建南平354300

采用L9(3^(3))设置3因素(氮、磷和钾肥)3水平(氮单株施用量分别为0、5、10 g,磷单株施用量分别为0、2、4 g,钾单株施用量分别为0、3、6 g)正交实验,对‘浦城丹桂’幼苗间隔30 d进行2次氮磷钾配施处理,采用酶联免疫吸附分析法(ELISA)测定... 详细信息

采用L9(3^(3))设置3因素(氮、磷和钾肥)3水平(氮单株施用量分别为0、5、10 g,磷单株施用量分别为0、2、4 g,钾单株施用量分别为0、3、6 g)正交实验,对‘浦城丹桂’幼苗间隔30 d进行2次氮磷钾配施处理,采用酶联免疫吸附分析法(ELISA)测定第2次施肥后60、120、180、240 d后叶片4种激素[生长素(IAA)、脱落酸(ABA)、赤霉素(GA_(3))、玉米素核苷(ZR)]含量。结果表明:N_(5)P_(0)K_(3)处理可以显著提高IAA、ABA和ZR的含量,于施肥240 d达到最高值(分别为139.90、157.79、14.86 ng/g),相比CK分别提高了101.52%、36.79%、73.08%;N_(5)P_(2)K_(6)处理可以显著提高GA_(3)的含量,于施肥240 d达到最高值(13.57 ng/g),相比CK提高了97.71%;N_(5)P_(0)K_(3)处理显著提高ABA/GA_(3)和ZR/GA_(3)值,显著降低ABA/IAA和ZR/IAA值;N和K因素对IAA、GA_(3)、ABA和ZR含量的影响均有显著差异,P因素仅对GA_(3)含量的影响有显著差异;氮磷钾配施对丹桂苗木叶片内源激素含量及其之间的稳态有显著影响,综合方差和极差分析,得出提高叶片IAA、GA_(3)和ZR含量的最佳配施方案为N_(5)P_(2)K_(6),提高叶片ABA含量的最佳配施方案为N_(5)P_(0)K_(3)。

关键词：施肥丹桂叶片内源激素正交设计