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Advances in the management of infertility in men with spinal cord injury

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第3期18卷 382-390,I0007,I0008页

作者： Emad Ibrahim nancy l Brackett Charles M lynne The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL USA Department of Urology University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL USA.

Couples with a spinal cord injured male partner require assisted ejaculation techniques to collect semen that can then be further used in various assisted reproductive technology methods to achieve a pregnancy. The majority of men sustaining a spinal cord injury regardless of the cause or the level of injury cannot ejaculate during sexual intercourse. Only a small minority can ejaculate by masturbation. Penile vibratory stimulation and electroejaculation are the two most common methods used to retrieve sperm. Other techniques such as prostatic massage and the adjunct application of other medications can be used, but the results are inconsistent. Surgical sperm retrieval should be considered as a last resort if all other methods fail. Special attention must be paid to patients with T6 and rostral levels of injury due to the risk of autonomic dysreflexia resulting from stimulation below the level of injury. Bladder preparation should be performed before stimulation if retrograde ejaculation is anticipated. Erectile dysfunction is ubiquitous in the spinal cord injured population but is usually easily managed and does not pose a barrier to semen retrieval in these men. Semen analysis parameters of men with spinal cord injury are unique for this population regardless of the method of retrieval, generally presenting as normal sperm concentration but abnormally low sperm motility and viability. When sperm retrieval is desired in this population, emphasis should be placed on initially trying the simple methods of penile vibratory stimulation or electroejaculation before resorting to more advanced and invasive surgical procedures.

关键词： assisted reproductive technology ejaculation electroejaculation male infertility paraplegia penile vibratory stimulation semen sperm spinal cord injury surgical sperm retrieval

Selective deletion of the soluble Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 isoform in vivo prevents estrogen-deficiency bone loss in mice

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Bone Research 2017年第4期5卷 367-374页

作者： Gang-Qing Yao nancy Troiano Christine A Simpson Karl l Insogna Department of Internal Medicine Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenUSA Department of Orthopaedics Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenUSA

Neutralizing CSF1 in vivo completely prevents ovariectomy （OVX）-induced bone loss in mice. There are two isoforms of CSF1, soluble （sCSF1）, and membrane-bound （mCSF1）, but their individual biological functions are unclear. It had been previously reported that mCSF1 knockout （K/O） and wild type （Wt） female mice experience the same degree of bone loss following OVX. In Wt mice the expression of sCSF1 was elevated fourfold in skeletal tissue following OVX while expression of mCSF1 was unchanged. To examine the role of sCSF1 in OVX-induced bone loss, mice were engineered in which sCSF1 was not expressed but expression of mCSF1 was unaffected （sCSF1 K/O）. Isoform-specific reverse transcription PCR confirmed the absence of transcripts for sCSF1 in bone tissue isolated from these animals and no circulating CSF1 was detected by ElISA. Surprisingly, there were no significant differences in bone mineral density （BMD） between sCSF1 K/O mice and Wt controls as assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and micro-CT. However, one month after OVX, femoral, spinal and total BMD had declined by 11.2%, 8.9%, and 8.7% respectively in OVX-Wt animals as compared to Sham-OVX. In contrast OVX sCSF1 K/O mice showed changes of ＋0.1%, - 2.4%, and ＋2.3% at the same 3 sites compared to Sham-OVX sCSF1 K/O mice. These data indicate important non-redundant functions for the two isoforms of CSF1 and suggest that sCSF1, but not mCSF1, plays a key role in estrogen-deficiency bone loss.

关键词： CSF Selective deletion of the soluble Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 isoform in vivo prevents estrogen-deficiency bone loss in mice

Almost primes in short intervals

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Science China Mathematics 2010年第9期53卷 2511-2524页

作者： WU Jie Institut Elie Cartan nancy,CNRS,nancy-Université,INRIA,Boulevard des Aiguillettes,B.P.239,54506 Vand CEuvre-lès-nancy,France 1. Institut Elie Cartan nancy CNRS Nancy-Université INRIA Boulevard des Aiguillettes B.P. 239 54506 Vand?uvre-lès-Nancy France

In this paper,we prove that the short interval(x-x101/232,x] contains at least an almost prime P2 for sufficiently large x,where P2 denotes an integer having at most two prime factors counted with multiplicity.

关键词： estimates on exponential sums distribution of integers with specified multiplicative constraints applications of sieve methods

SPSS for intermediate statistics : use and interpretation /

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Does the ecological concept of disturbance have utility in urban social-ecological-technological systems?

2008年

作者： leech nancy l.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第1期3卷 19-36页

作者： nancy B.Grimm Steward T.A.Pickett Rebecca l.Hale Mary l.Cadenasso School of life Sciences and Julie Ann Wrigley Global Institute of Sustainability Arizona State UniversityTempeArizona 85287 USA Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies Box ABMillbrookNew York 12545 USA Department of Biological Sciences Idaho State UniversityPocatelloIdaho 83209 USA Department of Plant Sciences University of California at DavisDavisCalifornia 95616 USA

The ecological concept of disturbance has scarcely been applied in urban systems except in the erroneous but commonplace assumption that urbanization itself is a disturbance and cities are therefore perennially disturbed *** evaluate the usefulness of the concept in urban ecology by exploring how a recent conceptual framework for disturbance(Peters et al.2011,Ecosphere,2,art 81)applies to these social-ecological-technological systems(SETS).Case studies,especially from the long-Term Ecological Research sites of Baltimore and Phoenix,are presented to show the applicability of the framework for disturbances to different elements of these systems at different *** find that the framework is easily adapted to urban SETS and that incorporating social and technological drivers and responders can contribute additional insights to disturbance research beyond urban systems.

关键词： cities conceptual framework disturbance economic disruption fire flood land conversion legacy model social-ecological-technological systems urban vegetation urbanization

CCR2 enhances CD25 expression by FoxP3^(+) regulatory T cells and regulates their abundance independently of chemotaxis and CCR2^(+) myeloid cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第2期17卷 123-132页

作者： Yifan Zhan nancy Wang Ajithkumar Vasanthakumar Yuxia Zhang Michael Chopin Stephen l.Nutt Axel Kallies Andrew M.lew The Walter&Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research ParkvilleVIC 3052Australia Department of Medical Biology University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia Guangzhou Institute of Paediatrics Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CentreGuangzhou Medical University510623 GuangzhouGuangdongChina Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia

A wide array of chemokine receptors,including CCR2,are known to control Treg ***,we report that CCR2 regulates Tregs beyond *** found that CCR2 deficiency reduced CD25 expression by FoxP3^(+) Treg *** a change was also consistently present in irradiation chimeras reconstituted with mixed bone marrow from wild-type(WT)and CCR2−/−***,CCR2 deficiency resulted in profound loss of CD25 ^(hi) FoxP3^(+) Tregs in secondary lymphoid organs as well as in peripheral ***2−/−Treg cells were also functionally inferior to WT ***,these changes to Treg cells did not depend on CCR2+monocytes/moDCs(the cells where CCR2 receptors are most abundant).Rather,we demonstrated that CCR2 was required for TlR-stimulated,but not TCR-or Il-2-stimulated,CD25 upregulation on Treg ***,we propose that CCR2 signaling can increase the fitness of FoxP3^(+) Treg cells and provide negative feedback to counter the proinflammatory effects of CCR2 on myeloid cells.

关键词： CCR2 CD25 organs

Diet medication and beta-glucanase affect ileal digesta soluble betaglucan molecular weight,carbohydrate fermentation,and performance of coccidiosis vaccinated broiler chickens given wheatbased diets

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第4期15卷 288-296页

作者： Namalika D.Karunaratne Henry l.Classen Andrew Gvan Kessel Michael R.Bedford nancy P.Ames Rex W.Newkirk Department of Animal and Poultry Science University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSK S7N5A8Canada AB Vista MarlboroughWiltshireSN84ANUnited Kingdom Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada WinnipegR3T 2E1ManitobaCanada

Exogenous enzymes as alternatives to feed antibiotics in poultry has become an emerging research area with the emergence of antibiotic *** objective was to evaluate the effects of diet medication(antibiotics)andβ-glucanase(BGase)on digesta solubleβ-glucan depolymerization,carbohydrate fermentation,and performance of coccidiosis-vaccinated broiler chickens fed wheat-based diets.A total of 1,782 broilers were raised on litter floor pens,and each treatment was assigned to 1 pen in each of the9 *** 3 dietary treatments were based on wheat as the sole grain(control,control+medication and control+0.1%BGase),and the birds were fed the respective treatments ad libitum from 0 to 33 *** were arranged in a randomized complete block design and analyzed as a one-way ***-glucanase reduced the peak molecular weight,weight average molecular weight(Mw)and maximum molecular weight for the smallest 10%β-glucan molecules(MW-10%)in ileal digesta at d 11and 33,whereas diet medication reduced Mw and MW-10%at d 33 compared to the control(Plucanase and medication reduced the ileal viscosity at d 11 compared to the control(P=0.010).Ileal propionic acid concentration at d 11 and caecal total SCFA,acetic,and butyric acid concentrations at d 33 were lower in the BGase-supplemented diet than in the control(Pl p H compared to the control at d 33(P=0.026).The effect of medication on carbohydrate fermentation was *** medication increased weight gain after d 11,whereas BGase increased the gain for the total trial period compared to the control(Pl(Plarger than BGase,considering weight gain and feed efficiency after d 11(Plusion,diet medication and BGase depolymerized high molecular weight ileal solubleβ-g

关键词： Beta-glucan Prebiotic Non-starch polysaccharide Soluble fiber Feed antibiotic

Hulless barley and β-glucanase affect ileal digesta soluble β-glucan molecular weight and digestive tract characteristics of coccidiosis-vaccinated broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第3期7卷 595-608页

作者： Namalika D.Karunaratne Rex W.Newkirk nancy P.Ames Andrew G.Van Kessel Michael R.Bedford Henry l.Classen Department of Animal and Poultry Science University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonS7N 5A8SaskatchewanCanada Agriculture and Agri-food Canada WinnipegR3T 2E1ManitobaCanada AB Vista MarlboroughWiltshireSN84ANUnited Kingdom

Exogenousβ-glucanase(BGase)in barley-based feed has been shown to reduce digesta viscosity in chickens,and thereby improve *** well studied is the potential for BGase to convert barleyβ-glucan into low molecular weight carbohydrates,which might influence digestive tract function and enteric ***-vaccinated broiler chickens were fed graded levels of hulless barley(HB)and BGase to determine their effects onβ-glucan depolymerization and digestive tract *** were fed highβ-glucan HB(0%,30%and 60%replacing wheat)and BGase(0%,0.01%and 0.1%)in a 3×3 factorial arrangement.A total of 5,346 broilers were raised in litter floor pens and vaccinated for coccidiosis on d *** treatment was assigned to 1 pen in each of 9 *** significance level was set at P≤*** both 11 and 33 d of broiler ages,peak molecular weight ofβ-glucan in ileal digesta decreased with increasing BGase for 30%and 60%*** maximum molecular weight for the smallest 10%β-glucan molecules(MW-10%)decreased with BGase at both ages for 30%and 60%HB;for birds fed 0%HB,only 0.1%BGase decreased MW-10%.The 0.1%BGase increased caecal short chain fatty acids(SCFA)compared to the 0.01%BGase at d 11 only for the 60%*** pH increased with increasing HB and BGase at d 11 and *** pH was lower for 0.1%BGase than 0%BGase for 60%HB at d *** mRNA expression of interleukin 6(Il-6)and Il-8 in the ileum increased with 0.1%BGase at d 11 and 33,respectively,whereas expression of ileal mucin 2(MUC2)decreased with 0.1%BGase at d *** the caeca,interactions between HB and BGase were significant for monocarboxylate transporter 1(MCT1)and mucin 5AC(MUC5AC)on d 11,but no treatment effects were found at d *** conclusion,BGase depolymerized high molecular weightβ-glucan in HB in a dose-dependent *** barley and BGase did not increase SCFA concentrations(except for 60%HB with 0.1%BGase at d 11)and caused minor effects on digestive tract histomorphological

关键词： Prebiotic Non-starch polysaccharide Fermentation Short-chain fatty acid Feed enzyme

Examining the relationship between sport and health among USA women:An analysis of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2016年第4期5卷 403-409页

作者： Jennifer R.Pharr nancy l.loug Department of Environmental and Occupational Health University of Nevada Las Vegas College of Education University of Nevada Las Vegas

Background：Research has been conducted linking sports participation and health in childhood and adolescence;however,little is known about the contribution of sport to women＇s *** purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between sport and women＇s health in the USA by analyzing data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System（BRFSS）.Methods：This study was a secondary data analysis of the 2013 national BRFSS *** the BRFSS core component from previous years,in2013,participants were questioned extensively about their physical activity ***-six different activities were identifie by the *** researchers categorized the 76 activities as sport,conditioning exercise,recreation,or household tasks based on previously identifie *** regression was utilized to calculate odds ratios and adjusted odds ratios for chronic diseases based on physical activity ***：Women who participated in sport had better health outcomes with significant y lower odds for all chronic diseases except asthma and better general health than women who participated in conditioning exercise,household tasks,or recreation,and many of the significan differences remained after controlling for demographic ***：Sport participation was associated with more positive health outcomes among women in the USA compared with the other *** a means to improve health of women,the USA could focus on efforts to increase sport participation among women.

关键词： Chronic diseases Conditioning exercise leisure-time physical activity Recreation Sport participation Women's health