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Formation of microstructural features in hot-dip aluminized AISI 321 stainless steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2018年第2期25卷 190-198页

作者： Prashant Huilgol K.Rajendra Udupa K.Udaya bhat Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering National Institute of Technology Karnataka

Hot-dip aluminizing（HDA） is a proven surface coating technique for improving the oxidation and corrosion resistance of ferrous substrates. Although extensive studies on the HDA of plain carbon steels have been reported, studies on the HDA of stainless steels are limited. Because of the technological importance of stainless steels in high-temperature applications, studies of their microstructural development during HDA are needed. In the present investigation, the HDA of AISI 321 stainless steel was carried out in a pure Al bath. The microstructural features of the coating were studied using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. These studies revealed that the coating consists of two regions： an Al top coat and an aluminide layer at the interface between the steel and Al. The Al top coat was found to consist of intermetallic phases such as Al_7Cr and Al_3Fe dispersed in an Al matrix. Twinning was observed in both the Al_7Cr and the Al_3Fe phases. Furthermore, the aluminide layer comprised a mixture of nanocrystalline Fe_2Al_5, Al_7Cr, and Al. Details of the microstructural features are presented, and their formation mechanisms are discussed.

关键词： hot-dip aluminizing aluminide layer intermetallic phases microstructural features stainless steel

Therapeutic response in children with ADHD: role of observers and settings

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第3期16卷 314-321页

作者： Venkat bhat Sarojini MSengupta Natalie Grizenko Ridha Joober Douglas Mental Health University Institute FBC Building6875 Boul.LaSalleVerdunQC H4H 1R3Canada Department of Psychiatry University of TorontoTorontoCanada Department of Psychiatry McGill UniversityMontrealCanada Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery McGill UniversityMontrealCanada Department of Human Genetics McGill UniversityMontrealCanada

Background This study aims at characterizing the extent of correlation of treatment response (TR) obtained in various observation settings (home,school,clinic) by different observers (parents,teachers,clinicians).Methods Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) underwent a 2-week double-blind,randomized,cross-over clinical trial with methylphenidate and placebo,and various measures were obtained during the 2 *** of TR were examined using Pearson's correlation *** The study included 526 children (420 male,106 female) with *** between different observers shows a variable correlation between parents and *** correlation is seen between parents/teacher evaluation of TR and laboratory-based measures (Continuous Performance Task;Restricted Academic Situation Scale).Conclusion The results firmly support the need to synthesize information from many sources in evaluating TR in ADHD.

关键词： ADHD Methylphenidate Parents Teachers Treatment response

Bacillus ***3 isolated from cattle dip-sites possesses two ars gene clusters

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第1期23卷 95-101页

作者： Somanath bhat Xi Luo Zhiqiang XU Lixia Liu Ren Zhang School of Biological Sciences University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100050 China School of Life Sciences Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China

Contamination of soil and water by arsenic is a global problem. In Australia, the dipping of cattle in arsenic-containing solution to control cattle ticks in last centenary has left many sites heavily contaminated with arsenic and other toxicants. We had previously isolated five soil bacterial strains （CDB 1-5） highly resistant to arsenic. To understand the resistance mechanism, molecular studies have been carried out. Two chromosome-encoded arsenic resistance （ars） gene clusters have been cloned from CDB3 （Bacillus sp.）. They both function in Escherichia coli and cluster i exerts a much higher resistance to the toxic metalloid. Cluster 2 is smaller possessing four open reading frames （ORFs） arsRorf2BC, similar to that identified in Bacillus subtilis Skin element. Among the eight ORFs in cluster 1 five are analogs of common ars genes found in other bacteria, however, organized in a unique order arsRBCDA instead of arsRDABC. Three other putative genes are located directly downstream and designated as arsTIP based on the homologies of their theoretical translation sequences respectively to thioredoxin reductases, iron-sulphur cluster proteins and protein phosphatases. The latter two are novel of any known ars operons. The arsD gene from Bacillus species was cloned for the first time and the predict protein differs from the well studied E. coli ArsD by lacking two pairs of C-terminal cysteine residues. Its functional involvement in arsenic resistance has been confirmed by a deletion experiment. There exists also an inverted repeat in the intergenic region between arsC and arsD implying some unknown transcription regulation.

关键词： arsenic toxicity bacterial resistance ars operons gene cloning

Retracing Realistic Disaster Scenarios from Archival Sources:A Key Tool for Disaster Risk Reduction

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第5期12卷 635-648页

作者： Bashir Ahmad Akhtar Alam M.Sultan bhat Khurshid Ahmad bhat Jeelani Inaam ul Haq Hakim Farooq Ahmad Junaid Qadir Department of Geology Nawakadal SchoolSrinagar 190002India Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction University College LondonWCIE 6BTUK Department of Geography and Regional Development University of KashmirSrinagar 190006India Department of Statistics Chanapora SchoolSrinagar 190015India Department of Geology Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh 202002India

Disaster scenarios are constructed by integrating natural hazard phenomena and social science sources of *** profiled 51 natural hazard events of nineteenth century Kashmir that provide insights into the impacts of varying degree of severity that spread through the socioeconomic and political systems,influenced adaptation,and increased the consequences of the resulting *** root cause of these disasters was embedded in the social,natural,and political economic systems of their time,where vulnerabilities overlapped and interacted periodically with successive colonial regimes and acted as tipping *** combined effect of successive colonial regimes,inept administration,rigid political economy,and natural hazards made the situation go from bad to worse and reduced Kashmir to the depths of distress and *** the arc of the nineteenth century,a series of disasters led the Kashmiri population to learn how to live with disasters and minimize risk,bringing about the evolution of social and environmental *** the natural hazard vulnerability of the Kashmir Valley through archival narratives can help in scenario building to translate findings into formats that reduce related risk now as it did *** resulting information can be useful for regional design,planning,and policy responses to promote disaster risk reduction.

关键词： Disaster risk reduction Historical disasters Kashmir Nineteenth-century disasters Socioeconomic vulnerability

Sixth hour transcutaneous bilirubin predicting significant hyperbilirubinemia in ABO incompatible neonates

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2014年第2期10卷 182-185页

作者： Ramesh Y bhat Pavan CG Kumar Department of Pediatrics Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal UniversityManipal-576104Udupi DistrictKarnatakaIndia

Background:Neonates with ABO hemolytic disease are at greater risk for developing significant *** aimed to determine whether sixth hour transcutaneous bilirubin(TcB)could predict such a ***:TcB measurements were obtained at the 6th hour of life in blood group A or B neonates born to blood group O,rhesus factor compatible *** hyperbilirubinemia was monitored and considered significant if a neonate required phototherapy/exchange *** predictive role of sixth hour TcB was ***:Of 144 ABO incompatible neonates,41(OA,24;O-B,17)had significant *** sixth hour TcB was significantly higher among neonates who developed significant hyperbilirubinemia than those who did not(5.83±1.35 mg/dL vs.3.65±0.96 mg/dL,P4 mg/dL had the highest sensitivity of 93.5%and>6 mg/dL had the highest specifi city of 99%.Area under receiver operating characteristic curve was ***:Sixth hour TcB predicts subsequent significant hyperbilirubinemia in ABO incompatible neonates.

关键词： ABO incompatibility neonate phototherapy significant hyperbilirubinemia transcutaneous bilirubin

Spectroscopic study of Be-shell stars:4 Her and 88 Her

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2016年第5期16卷 47-58页

作者： Shruthi S bhat Paul KT Annapumi Subramaniam Blesson Mathew Department of Physics Christ UniversityBangalore 560029India Indian Institute of Astrophysics II BlockKormangalaBangalore 560034India Department of Astronomy&Astrophysics Tata Institute of Fundamental ResearchHomi Bhabha RoadMumbai400005India

We present an optical spectroscopic study based on 41 spectra of 4 Her and 32 spectra of 88 Her, obtained over a period of 6 months. We estimate the rotational velocity of these stars from HeI lines in the blue spectral region （4000-4500 A）. We find that these stars are likely to be rotating at a fractional critical rotation of -0.80. We measure the average Ip/lc ratio to quantify the strength of the Ha line and obtain 1.63 for 4 Her and 2.06 for 88 Her. The radius of the Ha emission region is estimated to be Ra/R. -5.0, assuming a Keplerian disk. These stars are thus found to be fast rotators with a relatively small Hoe emission region. We detect V/R variation of the Ha spectral line during the observed period. We re-estimate the periods for both stars and obtain a period of ,-46 d and its harmonic of 23.095 d for 4 Her, and a period of -86 d for 88 Her. As these two cases are shell stars with binaries and have low Ha EW with the emission region closer to the central star, the V/R variation and a change in period may be an effect of the binary on the circumstellar disk.

关键词： stars: emission-line Be -- circumstellar matter -- stars: individual (4 Her 88 Her) -- stars:rotation -- techniques: spectroscopic

Anti-anxiety activity of successive extracts of angelica archangelica *** the elevated t-maze and forced swimming tests in rats

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2012年第3期32卷 423-429页

作者： Dinesh Kumar Zulfiqar Ali bhat M.Y.Shah Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of KashmirJammu and KashmirSrinagar-190006India

OBJECTIVE:Angelica archangelica *** widely used in food and liquor preparations and also in Kashmiri folk medicine to reduce *** evaluated the anxiolytic effect of successive extracts of *** linn.(SAE) on rats tested in the elevated T-maze test(an animal model of generalized anxiety) at doses that exhibit antidepressant-like activity in ***:***(1 kg) was subjected to successive extraction in a soxhlet apparatus with solvents [petroleum ether(40-60℃),chloroform,ethyl acetate,methanol and decoction with water] in order of increasing polarity(yield:6.9%,7.3%,5.1%,11.88% and 8.2% w/w,respectively).SAE were evaluated for anxiolytic effects using the elevated T-maze and forced swimming tests in ***:Oral dosing of diazepam(1 mg/kg) and extracts(50,100 and 200 mg/kg) clearly showed an anxiolytic-like profile in the elevated T-maze test:it increased one-way escape and decreased inhibitory avoidance on the first,third and seventh *** the forced swimming test,imipramine and SAE showed antidepressant-and anxiolytic-like effects as reflected by increased climbing time,swimming time and decreased immobility time on the first,third and seventh *** and methanol extracts showed the most,petroleum ether(40-60℃) and chloroform intermediate,and ethyl acetate the least anxiolytic activity(*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P< 0.001) in both ***:These results suggest the anti-anxiety activity of various extracts of *** and strongly justify its use in traditional Indian medicine for the treatment of anxiety.

关键词： Anxiolytic Elevated T-maze test Angelica archangelica linn Apiaceae Antidepressant

Restoration of GABA_(B) receptor expression in cerebral ischemia:a promising novel neuroprotective strategy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第12期18卷 2659-2660页

作者： Musadiq A.bhat Mohammad Hleihil Dietmar Benke Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland

Although stroke is a major global health problem, a pharmacological treatment to inhibit ongoing neuronal death in patients is still lacking. In cerebral ischemia, the prevailing form of stroke, severely reduced blood supply by obstruction of blood vessels deprives neurons from oxygen and glucose, eventually leading to metabolic derailment and death of neurons in the affected brain area.

关键词： cerebral ischemia death

Eco-physiological studies on desert plants: germination of Halothamnus iraqensis Botsch. seeds under different conditions

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Journal of Arid Land 2019年第1期11卷 75-85页

作者： Arvind bhatT Narayana R bhat Valentina MURRU ANDrea SANTO Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research University of Cagliari Independent Researcher

With the aim to investigate if the halophyte Halothamnus iraqensis Botsch. can be suitable for re-vegetation and remediation of salt-affected lands, this study evaluated(1) the effects of photoperiod, thermoperiod, storage period and wings' presence on its seed germination, and(2) the ability of its seeds to have successful germination recovery after salt stress. Germination tests in different photoperiods(12 h light/12 h darkness and total darkness) and thermoperiods(15℃/20℃ and 20℃/25℃) were conducted for seeds collected in 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016. The seeds collected in 2016 were sown under different salinity levels(0, 100, 200, 400 and 600 m M Na Cl) to assess the salinity tolerance during the germination. Wings' presence highly inhibited seed germination of this species in both photoperiods and thermoperiods under all salinity level treatments. In addition, the germination recovery occurred well when seeds were deprived of their wings. The photoperiod of 12 h light/12 h darkness and the thermoperiod of 15℃/20℃ were the best conditions for seed germination. Germination percentages of H. iraqensis seeds decreased with the increasing storage duration, especially after three years of the collection. In addition, H. iraqensis seeds were able to germinate under different salinity levels, and their germination percentages decreased with increasing salinity levels. H. iraqensis seeds have the ability to recover their germination after alleviating the salt stress, irrespective of photoperiod, highlighting the halophilous character of this species.

关键词： wings’ presence storage period photoperiod thermoperiod salt stress Halothamnus iraqensis Botsch