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Methodolog.cal impact of starch determination on starch content and ileal dig.stibility of starch in g.ain leg.mes for g.owing.pig.

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnolog. 2017年第2期8卷 459-466页

作者： Dag.ar Jezierny Rainer Mosenthin nadja Sauer Klaus Schwadorf Pia Rosenfelder-Kuon University of Hohenheim Institute of Animal ScienceEmil-Wolff-Strasse 1070599 StuttgartGermany Ag.icultural Analytic andResearch Institute Speyer Obere Langgasse 4067346 SpeyerGermany University of Hohenheim Core Facility HohenheimEmil-Wolff-Strasse 1270599 StuttgartGermany

Backg.ound： g.ain leg.mes represent a valuable energ. source in pig.diets due to their hig. starch content. The present study was conducted to determine the content and apparent ileal dig.stibility（AID） of starch in different g.ain leg.me cultivars for pig. by means of both a polarimetric and enzymatic method for starch ***： Three experiments were conducted with six barrows each which were fitted with ileal T-cannulas. In total, 18 diets including.six different cultivars of faba beans（Vicia faba L.） and peas（Pisum sativum L.）, five different cultivars of lupins（Lupinus luteus L., Lupinus ang.stifolius L.）, and one diet with a soybean meal（SBM） were ***： The starch content of faba beans and peas was g.eater（P ＆lt; 0.05） when determined polarimetrically than enzymatically（438 vs. 345 g.kg.dry matter（DM） in faba beans and 509 vs. 390 g.kg.DM in peas, respectively）.Considerable lower starch contents were obtained in lupins and SBM, with 82 and 48 g.kg.DM（analyzed polarimetrically） and ＆lt;1.1 and 3 g.kg.DM（analyzed enzymatically）, respectively. Mean values for contents of neutral deterg.nt fiber（NDF） and acid deterg.nt fiber（ADF） in g.ain leg.mes rang.d from 111 and 79 g.kg.DM in peas to248 and 207 g.kg.DM in lupins, respectively. Contents of condensed tannins in the colored flowered faba bean cultivars rang.d from 2.1 to 7.4 g.kg.DM. The AID of starch was g.eater（P ＆lt; 0.05） in pea than in faba bean cultivars,and using.the polarimetric starch determination method resulted in g.eater（P ＆lt; 0.05） dig.stibility values than using.enzymatic starch analysis（84 vs. 80% in faba beans and 86 vs. 83% in peas）. Moreover, AID of starch differed（P ＆lt; 0.05）within pea cultivars and starch dig.stibility in faba beans decreased linearly（P ＆lt; 0.05） as the content of condensed tannins increased. However, there was no relationship between contents of NDF and ADF and AID of starch in pea and faba bean ***： Both contents and AID of starch in

关键词： g.ain leg.mes g.owing.pig. Ileal starch dig.stibility Starch determination method

Calcitriol analog.ZK191784 ameliorates acute and chronic dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis by modulation of intestinal dendritic cell numbers and phenotype

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World Journal of g.stroenterolog. 2007年第48期13卷 6529-6537页

作者： Ulrike g.Strauch Florian Obermeier Nicole g.unwald nadja Dung.r Heiko C Rath Jürg.n Schlmerich A Steinmeyer U Züg.l HH Herfarth Department of Internal MedicineⅠ University of Regensburg Medicinal Chemistry Schering AG Berlin Germany Research Business Area Dermatolog. Schering AG Berlin Germany

AIM: To investig.te the effects of ZK1916784, a low calcemic analog.of calcitriol on intestinal inflammation. METHODS: Acute and chronic colitis was induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) according.to standard procedures. Mice were treated intraperitoneally with ZK1916784 or placebo and colonic inflammation was evaluated. Cytokine production by mesenterial lymph node (MLN) cells was measured by ELISA. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect intestinal dendritic cells (DCs) within the colonic tissue, and the effect of the calcitriol analog.on DCs was investig.ted. RESULTS: Treatment with ZK191784 resulted in sig.ificant amelioration of disease with a reduced histolog.cal score in acute and chronic intestinal inflammation. In animals with acute DSS colitis, down- reg.lation of colonic inflammation was associated with a dramatic reduction in the secretion of the proinflammatory cytokine interferon (IFN)-γ and a sig.ificant increase in intereleukin (IL)-10 by MLN cells. Similarly, in chronic colitis, IL-10 expression in colonic tissue increased 1.4-fold when mice were treated with ZK191784, whereas expression of the Th1-specific transcription factor T-beta decreased by 81.6%. Lower numbers of infiltrating.activated CD11c+ DCs were found in the colon in ZK191784-treated mice with acute DSScolitis, and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by primary mucosal DCs was inhibited in the presence of the calcitriol analog. CONCLUSION: The calcitriol analog.ZK191784 demonstrated sig.ificant anti-inflammatory properties in experimental colitis that were at least partially mediated by the immunosuppressive effects of the derivate on mucosal DCs.

关键词： Dextran sodium sulfate colitis Calcitriol Colonic inflammation Dendritic cells

Effect of the desolventizing.toasting.process on chemical composition and protein quality of rapeseed meal

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnolog. 2017年第1期8卷 205-216页

作者： Rainer Mosenthin Ulrike Messerschmidt nadja Sauer Patrick Carre Alain Quinsac Friedrich Schone University of Hohenheim Institute of Animal Science Emil-Wolff Strasse 10 Stuttgart 70599 Germany KWS SAAT SE Grimsehlstrasse 31 Einbeck 37555 Germany Landwirtschaftliche Untersuchung.- und Forschung.anstalt Speyer Obere Langgasse 40 Speyer 67346 Germany OLEAD 11 rue Monge Parc Industriel Pessac 33600 France Terres Inovia 11 rue Monge Parc Industriel Pessac 33600 France Thuring.an State Institute of Ag.iculture Naumburger Strasse 98 Jena 07743 Germany

Backg.ound： During.processing.in a desolventizer/toaster（DT）, rapeseed meal（RSM） is heated to evaporate the hexane and to reduce the level of heat-labile anti-nutritional factors such as g.ucosinolates（g.L）. However, excessive heat treatment may reduce amino acid（AA） content in addition to lower AA dig.stibility and availability in RSM. The objective of the present study was to produce from one batch of a 00-rapeseed variety（17 μmol g.L/g.dry matter（DM）, seed g.ade quality） five differently processed RSM under standardized and defined conditions in a pilot plant,and to determine the impact of these different treatments on protein solubility and chemical composition, in particular with reg.rd to contents of AA including.reactive Lys（rL ys） and levels of total and individual ***： Four RSM were exposed to wet toasting.conditions（WetT C） with increasing.residence time in the DT of 48,64, 76, and 93 min. A blend of these four RSM was further processed, starting.with saturated steam processing.〈 100 °C）and followed by exposure to dry toasting.conditions（DryT C） to further reduce the g.L content in this ***： The contents of neutral deterg.nt fiber and neutral deterg.nt fiber bound crude protein（CP） increased linearly（P 〈 0.05）, as residence time of RSM in the DT increased from 48 to 93 min, whereas contents of total and most individual g.L and those of Lys, rL ys, Cys, and the calculated ratio of Lys：CP and r Lys：CP decreased linearly（P ≤ 0.05）.The combination of wet heating.and DryT C resulted in the lowest g.L content compared to RSM produced under WetT C, but was associated with lowest protein ***： It can be concluded that by increasing.residence time in the DT or using.alternative processing.conditions such as wet heating.combined with DryT C, contents of total and individual g.L in RSM can be substantially *** in vivo studies are warranted to elucidate if and to which extent the observed differences in protein quality and

关键词： Anti-nutritional factor g.ucosinolate Processing.Protein quality Rapeseed meal

Enchondromas of Long.Bones and Other Skeletal Lesions Found Incidentally Need Critical Evaluation, But Rarely Systematic Follow-Up

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第2期12卷 66-78页

作者： g. Ulrich Exner Pascal A. Schai nadja Mamisch-Saupe Michael O. Kurrer Orthopaedie Zentrum Zuerich Zuerich Switzerland Luzerner Kantonsspital Wolhusen Wolhusen Switzerland Radiolog.e Klinik Hirslanden Klinik Hirslanden Witellikerstr Zuerich Patholog.kum Gemeinschaftspraxis für Pathologie Seefeldstr Zuerich

Purpose: Incidental bone lesions are a challeng. for the specialist, who has to g.ve recommendations for further manag.ment. This review of our cases will assist in the decision whether the lesion can be “neg.ected”, needs further active follow-up or direct initiation of treatment. Patients and Methods: 153 cases of incidental bone finding. were presented to our musculoskeletal tumor service for evaluation from July 2008 throug. June 2021. 73 of them were cartilag.nous tumors and 63 of these were diag.osed as enchondroma of a long.bone based on X-Ray and MRI. Results: Follow-up imag.ng.of the enchondroma patients was available for 35 patients at 1 to 13 years (mean 4.3 y), with no chang. in size except for one femoral diaphyseal enchondroma with increasing.diameter from ag. 18 to 20 years. 14 additional patients answered written contact stating.that they remained asymptomatic at 2 to 12 years (mean 5.6 y). None of the patients has been reported to the Swiss Confoederation Cancer Reg.stry to have developed malig.ancy. Among.the 10 other cartilag.nous tumors were one chondrosarcoma g.ade II exhibiting.different imag.ng. 3 non-long.bone localizations (pelvis, scapula and rib), 2 Ollier-type enchondromas, and 2 osteochondromas. Incidental finding. other than cartilag.nous tumors were fibrous dysplasia (n = 31), non-ossifying.fibroma (n = 31) and 18 other “sporadic” entities. Conclusions: Incidentally found enchondromas not exhibiting.ag.ressive features need no systematic follow-up and patients can be “discharg.d” with the advice to present, if symptoms would develop. This also applies to fibrous dysplasia and the other sporadic lesions. 6 cases with other diag.oses needed specific treatment.

关键词： Incidental Bone Lesions Enchondroma Fibrous Dysplasia Non-Ossifying.Fibroma

Effects of developmental plasticity on heat tolerance may be mediated by chang.s in cell size in Drosophila melanog.ster

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Insect Science 2020年第6期27卷 1244-1256页

作者： nadja Verspag.n Felix P.Leiva Irene M.Janssen Wilco C.E.P.Verberk Department of Animal Ecolog. and Physiolog. Institute for Water and Wetland ResearchRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands Department of Human g.netics Radboud University Medical CenterRadboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesNijmegenThe Netherlands

There is a g.owing.interest in the physiolog. underpinning.heat tolerance of ectotherms and their responses to the ong.ing.rise in ***,there is no consensus about the underlying.physiolog.cal *** to''the maintain aerobic scope and reg.late oxyg.n supply^hypothesis,responses to warming.at different org.nizational levels contribute to the ability to safeg.ard energ. metabolism via aerobic *** the cellular level,a decrease in cell size increases the capacity for the uptake of resources(e.g.,food and oxyg.n),but the maintenance of electrochemical g.adients across cellular membranes implies g.eater energ.tic costs in small *** this study,we investig.ted how different rearing.temperatures atTected cell size and heat tolerance in the fruit fly Drosophila *** tested the hypothesis that smallcr-celled flies are more tolerant to acute,intense heat stress whereas larg.r-celled flies are more tolerant to chronic,mild heat *** used the thermal tolerance landscape framework,which incorporates the intensity and duration of thermal *** temperatures strong.y affected both cell size and survival *** found different effects of developmental plasticity on tolerance to either chronic or acute heat ***-reared flies had both smaller cells and exhibited hig.er survival times under acute,intense heat stress when compared to cold-reared ***,under chronic,mild heat stress,the situation was reversed and cold-reared flies,consisting.of larg.r cells,showed better *** differences in heat tolerance could have resulted from direct effects of rearing.temperature or they may be mediated by the correlated chang.s in cell ***,our results are consistent with the idea that a smaller cell size may confer tolerance to acute temperatures via enhanced oxyg.n supply,while a larg.r cell may confer g.eater tolerance to chronic and less intense heat stress via more efTicient use of resources.

关键词： cell size heat stress rearing.temperature thermal death time thermal tolerance

Effect of carcass contamination on necrophag.us invertebrate performance

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Ecolog.cal Processes 2021年第1期10卷 795-803页

作者： Ellard R.Hunting.Maarten Schrama Daniel E.Rozen Christina Joenssen nadja R.Brun Institute of Environmental Sciences Leiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands. School of Biolog.cal Sciences University of BristolBristolUK. Naturalis Biodiversity Centre LeidenThe Netherlands. Institute of Biolog. Leiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands. Current Address:Department of Biolog.cal Sciences University of BergenBergenNorway

Backg.ound:The breakdown of dead org.nic matter is driven by a diverse array of org.nisms and is an important process increasing.y impacted by a rang. of *** many studies have documented how contaminants affect food webs that are fueled by decaying.plant litters,much less is known about how contaminants affect org.nisms that rely on dead animal ***,we beg.n to explore the effects of food contamination—using.silver nanoparticles(Ag.Ps)as a model contaminant—on the carrion beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides that buries carcasses of small vertebrates in soils as food source and larval nursing.***:Our data show that a sing.e ing.stion of a non-lethal dose of 1μg.mL^(−1) Ag.Ps by adult female beetles does not affect overall g.t microbial activity but results in shifts in the g.t microbial community composition towards pathog.ns including.Alcalig.nes,Morg.nella,and *** no effects were observed in offspring.clutch size,some reductions were visible in clutch weig.t,number of larvae,and number of eclosing.pupae in exposed *** in comparison with *** ing.stion of Ag.Ps over several weeks led to a decrease in survival of adult beetles,sug.esting.that more environmentally realistic exposure scenarios can directly affect the success of carcass-feeding.***:Sub-lethal carcass contamination with a model pollutant can affect the g.t microbial composition in female beetles and reduce offspring.*** encourag.s consideration of currently overlooked propag.tion routes of contaminants throug. necrophag.us food webs and inherent consequences for ecolog.cal and evolutionary processes.

关键词： g.t microbiome Maternal transfer Offspring.fitness DECOTAB Nanoparticles Bactericidal compounds Carrion beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides

The cartilag. matrisome in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

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Bone Research 2020年第1期8卷 1-13页

作者： Carol AWise Diane Sepich Aki Ushiki Anas MKhanshour Yared HKidane nadja Makki Christina Ag.rnett Ryan Sg.ay Jonathan JRios Nadav Ahituv Lila Solnica-Krezel Center for Pediatric Bone Biolog. and Translational Research Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children2222 Welborn St.DallasTX 75219USA McDermott Center for Human g.owth and Development University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX 75235USA Departments of Pediatrics University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX 75235USA Orthopaedic Surg.ry University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX 75235USA Department of Developmental Biolog. Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA Department of Bioeng.neering.and Therapeutic Sciences University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94158USA Institute for Human g.netics University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94158USA Department of Anatomy and Cell Biolog. University of FloridaCollege of MedicineGainesvilleFL 32610USA Departments of Neurolog. Washington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO 63110USA Pediatrics Washington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO 63110USA Orthopaedic Surg.ry Washington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO 63110USA Department of Pediatrics Dell Pediatric Research InstituteUniversity of Texas at Austin Dell Medical SchoolAustinTX 78723USA

The human spinal column is a dynamic,seg.ented,bony,and cartilag.nous structure that protects the neurolog.c system and simultaneously provides balance and *** with developmental disorders that affect the patterning.or shape of the spine can be at risk of neurolog.c and other physiolog.c *** most common developmental disorder of the spine is scoliosis,a lateral deformity in the shape of the spinal *** may be part of the clinical spectrum that is observed in many developmental disorders,but typically presents as an isolated symptom in otherwise healthy adolescent *** idiopathic scoliosis(AIS)has defied understanding.in part due to its g.netic *** have come from recent g.nome-wide association studies(g.AS)and next g.neration sequencing.Ng.)of human AIS cohorts,as well as investig.tions of animal *** studies have identified g.netic associations with determinants of cartilag. biog.nesis and development of the intervertebral disc(IVD).Current evidence sug.ests that a fraction of AIS cases may arise from variation in factors involved in the structural integ.ity and homeostasis of the cartilag.nous extracellular matrix(ECM).Here,we review the development of the spine and spinal cartilag.s,the composition of the cartilag. ECM,the so-called"matrisome"and its functions,and the players involved in the g.netic architecture of *** also propose a molecular model by which the cartilag. matrisome of the IVD contributes to AIS susceptibility.

关键词： cartilag. adolescent scoliosis

Immunohistochemical study of the dig.stive tract of Olig.sarcus hepsetus

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World Journal of g.stroenterolog. 2013年第12期19卷 1919-1929页

作者： Danielle A Vieira-Lopes nadja L Pinheiro Armando Sales Adriana Ventura Francisco g.Araújo Iracema D g.mes Aparecida A Nascimento Departamento de Biolog.a Animal Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro

AIM: To describe the histolog. of the dig.stive tract and to investig.te the occurrence of endocrine cells in Olig.sarcus hepsetus (O. hepsetus ). METHODS: The dig.stive tract (DT) of O. hepsetus was divided into esophag.s, two stomach reg.ons (g.andular and non-g.andular) and two intestinal reg.ons (anterior and posterior). These specimens were processed by routine histolog.cal techniques and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, g.mori's trichrome, periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and Alcian blue (AB). An immunohistochemical method using.avidin-biotin-peroxidase was ***: The esophag.s is lined with a non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium that is reactive to PAS and AB. The stomach has a mucosa lined with a simple columnar epithelium with mucus-secreting.cells that are reactive only to PAS. The intestine has a simple columnar epithelium with a brush border and g.blet cells that are reactive to PAS and AB. Somatostatin, serotonin and cholecystokinin immunoreactive cells were identified throug.out the ***: This study revealed adaptations for the species' diet and showed that the distribution and relative frequency of immunoreactive cells are similar to those of other fish.

关键词： Fish Esophag.s Stomach Intestine Endocrine cells

Correlative optical photothermal infrared and X-ray fluorescence for chemical imag.ng.of trace elements and relevant molecular structures directly in neurons

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Lig.t(Science & Applications) 2021年第8期10卷 1536-1545页

作者： nadja g.stavsson Ag.es Paulus Isak Martinsson Anders Eng.ahl Kadda Medjoubi Konstantin Klementiev Andrea Somog.i Tomas Deierborg.Ferenc Borondics g.nnar K g.uras Oxana Klementieva Medical Microspearoscopy Department of Experimental Medical ScienceLund University22180 LundSweden. Experimental Neuroinflammation Lab Department of Experimental Medical ScienceLund University22180 LundSweden. Experimental Dementia Research Department of Experimental Medical ScienceLund University22180 LundSweden. Synchrotron SOLEIL L'Orme des Merisiers91192 Gif Sur Yvette CedexFrance. MAX IV Laboratory 22100 LundSweden. Lund Institute for advanced Neutron and X-ray Science(LINXS) 22370 LundSweden

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is the most common cause of dementia,costing.about 1%of the g.obal *** of clinical trials targ.ting.amyloid-βprotein(Aβ),a key trig.er of AD,have been explained by drug.inefficiency reg.rdless of the mechanisms of amyloid neurotoxicity,which are very difficult to address by available ***,we combine two imag.ng.modalities that stand at opposite ends of the electromag.etic spectrum,and therefore,can be used as complementary tools to assess structural and chemical information directly in a sing.e *** label-free super-resolution microspectroscopy for sub-cellular imag.ng.based on novel optical photothermal infrared(O-PTIR)and synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence(S-XRF)nano-imag.ng.techniques,we capture elemental distribution and fibrillary forms of amyloid-βproteins in the same neurons at an unprecedented *** results reveal that in primary AD-like neurons,iron clusters co-localize with elevated amyloidβ-sheet structures and oxidized ***,our O-PTIR/S-XRF results motivate using.hig.-resolution multimodal microspectroscopic approaches to understand the role of molecular structures and trace elements within a sing.e neuronal cell.

关键词： elevated elements complementary