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Modeling and stability analysis of hIV/hTLV-I co-infection

International Journal of Biomathematics 2021年第5期14卷 97-143页

作者： A.M.Elaiw n.h.alshamrani Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University P.O.Box 80203Jeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Al-Azhar UniversityAssiut BranchAssiutEgypt Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science University of Jeddah P.O.Box 80327Jeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

human immunodeficiency virus(hIV)and human T-Iymphotropic virus type I(hTLV-I)are two retroviruses that infect the susceptible CD4^(+)T *** is known that hIV and hTLV-I have in common a way of transmission through direct contact with certain body fluids related to infected ***,it is not surprising that a mono-infected person with one of these viruses can be co-infected with the other *** the literature,a great number of mathematical models has been presented to describe the within-host dynamics of hIV or hTLV-I ***,the within-host dynamics of hIV/hTLV-I co-infection has not been *** this paper,we develop a new within-host hIV/hTLV-I co-infection *** model includes the impact of Cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTLs)immune response,which is important to control the progression of viral *** model describes the interaction between susceptible CD4^(+)T cells,silent hIV-infected cells,active hIV-infected cells,silent hTLV-infected cells,Tax-expressing hTLV-infected cells,free hIV particles,hIV-specific CTLs and hTLV-specific *** first show the nonnegativity and boundedness of the model’s solutions and then we calculate all possible *** derive the threshold parameters which govern the existence and stability of all equilibria of the *** prove the global asymptotic stability of all equilibria by utilizing Lyapunov function and LaSalle’s invariance *** have presented numerical simulations to illustrate the effectiveness of our main *** addition,we discuss the effect of hTLV-I infection on the hIV-infected patients and vice versa.

关键词： hIV/hTLV-I co-infection global stability CTL-mediated immune response Lyapunov function

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Impact of adaptive immune response and cellular infection on delayed virus dynamics with multi-stages of infected cells

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2020年第1期13卷 79-140页

作者： A.M.Elaiw n.h.alshamrani Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz UniversityP.O.Box 80203 Jeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science University of JeddahP.O.Box 80327 Jeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

In this investigation,we propose and analyze a virus dynamics model with multi-stages of infected *** model incorporates the effect of both humoral and cell-mediated immune *** consider two modes of transmissions,virus-to-cell and *** intracellular discrete-time delays have been integrated into the *** incidence rate of infection as well as the generation and removal rates of all compartments are described by general nonlinear *** derive five threshold parameters which determine the existence of the equilibria of the model under consideration.A set of conditions on the general functions has been established which is sufficient to investigate the global stability of the five equilibria of the *** global asymptotic stability of all equilibria is proven by utilizing Lyapunov function and LaSalle’s invariance *** theoretical results are illustrated by numerical simulations of the model with specific forms of the general functions.

关键词： Viral and cellular infections global stability adaptive immune response Lyapunov function multi-staged infected cells.

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Stability of within host hTLV-I/hIV-1 co-infection in the presence of macrophages

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2023年第1期16卷 129-156页

作者： A.M.Elaiw n.h.alshamrani E.Dahy A.A.Abdellatif Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University P.0.Box 80203Jeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Al-Azhar University Assiut BranchAssiutEgypt Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science University of Jeddah P.O.Bor 80327Jeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

The main target of both human immunodeficiency virus type 1(hIV-1)and human Tlymphotropic virus type I(hTLV-I)is the CD4+T cell which is considered the key player in the immune ***,hIV-1 has another target that is the *** present paper aims to formulate and develop a mathematical model to analyze the interaction of two viruses,hIV-1 and hTLV-I with the immune *** determine a bounded domain for the concentrations of the model's *** discuss the dynamical behavior of the model and analyze the existence and stability of the system's steady *** global asymptotic stability of all steady states is proven by utilizing the Lyapunov *** also demonstrate the dynamical behavior of the system *** significant impact of macrophages on the hTLV-I/hIV-1 co-infection dynamics is *** developed model will contribute to the understanding of hTLV-I/hIV-1 co-infection dynamics and help to choose different treatment strategies against hIV-1 and hTLV-I.

关键词： Viral co-infection CD4+T cells macrophages Lyapunov function global stability

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Global stability of a delayed virus dynamics model with multi-staged infected progression and humoral immunity

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2016年第4期9卷 193-218页

作者： A. M. Etaiw n. h. alshamrani Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University P. O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia

In this paper, we propose a nonlinear virus dynamics model that describes the interac- tions of the virus, uninfected target cells, multiple stages of infected cells and B cells and includes multiple discrete delays. We assume that the incidence rate of infection and removal rate of infected cells are given by general nonlinear functions. The model can be seen as a generalization of several humoral immunity viral infection model presented in the literature. We derive two threshold parameters and establish a set of conditions on the general functions which are sufficient to establish the existence and global stability of the three equilibria of the model. We study the globa! asymptotic stability of the equilibria by using Lyapunov method. We perform some numerical simulations for the model with specific forms of the general functions and show that the numerical results are consistent with the theoretical results.

关键词： Virus dynamics intracellular delay global stability humoral immune res-ponse Lyapunov functional.

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Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina hromada Patrick heimel Markus Kerbl LászlóGál Sylvia nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.heinzel Antal nógrádi Andreas h.Teuschl-Woller David hercher Department Life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tnGCs). however, the use of tnGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tnGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tnGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tnGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tnGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tnGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tnGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tnGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tnGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

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nucleoside modified mRnA-lipid nanoparticles as a new delivery platform for the repair of the injured spinal cord

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2311-2312页

作者： Krisztián Pajer Tamás Bellák Antal nógrádi Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary

Spinal cord injury and treatment opportunities:The adult mammalian spinal cord has a very limited capacity for spontaneous regeneration due to various intrinsic molecular and cellular *** the spinal cord neurons have the capacity to regenerate their axons,the expression of growth inhibitory factors,lack or suppression of proper guidance cues,and profound inflammatory responses do not permit successful regeneration(Khyeam et al.,2021).

关键词： injured capacity modified

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Green ionic metal-organic frameworks as nanocatalysts for CO_(2)fixation

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nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 260-269页

作者： nuria Martín Miguel Maireles-Porcar Julián Sánchez Velandia Belén Altava Francisco G.Cirujano Eduardo García-Verdugo Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica Universidad Jaume IAv.Sos Baynats/nCastellóde la PlanaCastellón 12071Spain

Co,ni,and Zn iso-reticular coordination polymers of 2,5-dihydroxyterphthalic acid(h_(2)dot)can be rapidly obtained under room temperature and aqueous conditions using either sodium or ammonium hydroxide as the bases to deprotonate the *** use of metal bromides and tetrabutylammonium hydroxide(TBAOh)as the base allows the green synthesis of ionic metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared(FTIR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),thermo gravimetric analysis(TGA),h-nuclear magnetic resonance(nMR),elemental analysis,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and employed in the pressure,solvent,and additive-free CO_(2)fixation to epoxides by its cycloaddition to epichlorohydrin,exhibiting a cooperative behavior between the MOF and the ionic liquid formed within the framework,achieving TOns of the confined tetrabutylammonium bromide(TBABr)up to 700.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) ionic liquids heterogeneous catalysis CO_(2)conversion

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Impacts of PI3K/protein kinase B pathway activation in reactive astrocytes: from detrimental effects to protective functions

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1031-1041页

作者： Ramón Pérez-núñez María Fernanda González Ana María Avalos Lisette Leyton Cellular Communication Laboratory Programa de Biología Celular y MolecularCenter for Studies on ExerciseMetabolism and Cancer(CEMC)Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas(ICBM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases(ACCDiS) Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences&Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Autónoma de ChileSantiagoChile

Astrocytes are the most abundant type of glial cell in the central nervous *** injury and inflammation,astrocytes become reactive and undergo morphological and functional *** on their phenotypic classification as A1 or A2,reactive astrocytes contribute to both neurotoxic and neuroprotective responses,***,this binary classification does not fully capture the diversity of astrocyte responses observed across different diseases and *** analysis has revealed that reactive astrocytes have a complex landscape of gene expression profiles,which emphasizes the heterogeneous nature of their *** actively participate in regulating central nervous system inflammation by interacting with microglia and other cell types,releasing cytokines,and influencing the immune *** phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)signaling pathway is a central player in astrocyte reactivity and impacts various aspects of astrocyte behavior,as evidenced by in silico,in vitro,and in vivo *** astrocytes,inflammatory cues trigger a cascade of molecular events,where nuclear factor-κB serves as a central mediator of the pro-inflammatory ***,we review the heterogeneity of reactive astrocytes and the molecular mechanisms underlying their *** highlight the involvement of various signaling pathways that regulate astrocyte reactivity,including the PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),αvβ3 integrin/PI3K/AKT/connexin 43,and notch/PI3K/AKT *** targeting the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT cellular signaling pathway to control reactive astrocytes and prevent central nervous system damage,evidence suggests that activating this pathway could also yield beneficial *** dual function of the PI3K/AKT pathway underscores its complexity in astrocyte reactivity and brain function *** review emphasizes the importance of employing astrocyte-exclusive models to underst

关键词： inflammation integrins neuroprotective neurotoxic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase reactive astrocytes signal transduction Thy-1(CD90)

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Astrocytes, reactive astrogliosis, and glial scar formation in traumatic brain injury

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 973-989页

作者： María Belén Cieri Alberto Javier Ramos Laboratorio de neuropatología Molecular IBCN UBA-CONICETFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina

Traumatic brain injury is a global health crisis,causing significant death and disability *** that follows traumatic brain injury has serious consequences for neuronal survival and cognitive impairments,with astrocytes involved in this *** traumatic brain injury,astrocytes rapidly become reactive,and astrogliosis propagates from the injury core to distant brain *** astroglial proteins are downregulated near the traumatic brain injury core,while pro-inflammatory astroglial genes are *** altered gene expression is considered a pathological remodeling of astrocytes that produces serious consequences for neuronal survival and cognitive *** addition,glial scar formed by reactive astrocytes is initially necessary to limit immune cell infiltration,but in the long term impedes axonal reconnection and functional *** therapeutic strategies for traumatic brain injury are focused on preventing acute ***,cannabinoids,progesterone,beta-blockers,and cerebrolysin demonstrate neuroprotective benefits but most of them have not been studied in the context of *** this review,we discuss the cell signaling pathways activated in reactive astrocytes following traumatic brain injury and we discuss some of the potential new strategies aimed to modulate astroglial responses in traumatic brain injury,especially using cell-targeted strategies with miRnAs or lncRnA,viral vectors,and repurposed drugs.

关键词： astrocyte glial scar innate immunity neuroinflammation stab injury Toll-like receptors

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Sex differences in aging and injured brain

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2901-2902页

作者： Jordan n.Williamson Yuan Yang University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Grainger College of EngineeringDepartment of BioengineeringUrbanaILUSA Carle Foundation hospital Stephenson Family Clinical Research InstituteClinical Imaging Research CenterUrbanaILUSA University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and TechnologyUrbanaILUSA northwestern University Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement SciencesChicagoILUSA

Background:The prevalence,age of onset,and symptomatology of traumatic brain injury,stroke,and neurodegenerative diseases(such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD),Parkinson’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and huntington’s disease)differ substantially between males and *** higher prevalence of these brain disorders has been attributed to females having a greater longevity compared with *** one of the greatest risk factors of acquired brain injury(such as stroke,traumatic brain injury caused by fall)and neurodegenerative disease is age.

关键词： huntington prevalence traumatic

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