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Preparation and characterization of Pd-Ag alloy composite membrane with magnetron sputtering

Science China Chemistry 1999年第6期42卷 581-588页

作者：赵宏宾熊国兴 n.stroh H.Brunner Fraunhofer Institute of Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology nobelstrasse 12 D-70569 Stuttgart Germany Germany

A Pd-Ag （24 wt%） alloy composite membrane was prepared by the magnetron sputtering. A γ-Al2O3 membrane was synthesized by the sol-gel method and used as substrate of the Pd-Ag alloy film. The process parameters of the magnetron sputtering were optimized as a function of the compactness of the Pd-Ag alloy film. The best membrane with a thickness of 1 μm was produced with a sputtering pressure of 2.7 Pa and a substrate temperature of 400℃. The membrane had an H2/n2 permselectivity of 51.5--1000 and an H2 permeation rate of 0.036--1.17×10-5cm3/cm2·s· Pa, depending on operating conditions.

关键词： Pd-Ag membrane Al2o3 membrane sol-gel sputtering H2 separation.

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应用等离子体溅射方法制备钯-银合金复合膜及其膜表征

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中国科学（B辑） 1999年第2期29卷 174-180页

作者：赵宏宾熊国兴 H.Brunner n.stroh 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所催化基础研究国家重点实验室大连116023 FraunhoferInstituteforInterfacialEngineeringandBiotechnology

研究应用等离子体溅射方法制备钯银合金复合膜 ,并用电子显微镜和高温气体渗透测定来表征膜的质量 .用sol gel方法在工业微滤氧化铝陶瓷膜上沉积纳米孔γ Al2 O3 膜 ,以改善衬底表面的粗糙度 ,降低气相沉积过程中的阴影效应 .以改进钯... 详细信息

研究应用等离子体溅射方法制备钯银合金复合膜 ,并用电子显微镜和高温气体渗透测定来表征膜的质量 .用sol gel方法在工业微滤氧化铝陶瓷膜上沉积纳米孔γ Al2 O3 膜 ,以改善衬底表面的粗糙度 ,降低气相沉积过程中的阴影效应 .以改进钯银合金膜的气密性为目标来优化等离子体溅射方法的沉积条件 (衬底温度及沉积压力等 ) .典型的钯银合金复合膜具有氢渗透速率 :0 .0 36× 10 -5 ～ 1.17× 10 -5cm3 /cm2 ·s·Pa ,氢对氮的分离选择性 :5 1.5～ 10 0 0 ,测试条件 :温度为 35 0～ 45 0℃ ,膜两侧压力降为 10 4～ 10 5

关键词：复合膜催化剂氢脆等离子体溅射

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Results of Sleeve Gastrectomy in Germany—Data on nationwide Survey on Quality Assurance in Bariatric Surgery in Germany

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Surgical Science 2012年第4期3卷 169-176页

作者： Christine stroh Rudolf Weiner Thomas Horbach Kaja Ludwig Miriam Dressler Stefanie Wolff Hans Lippert Martin Büsing Uwe Schmidt Thomas Manger Department of General Abdominal and Pediatric Surgery Municipal Hospital Gera Germany Department of General Abdominal and Vascular Surgery University Hospital Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-nürnberg Erlangen Germany Hospital Knappschaft Recklinghausen Recklinghausen Germany Hospital Rostock Südstadt Rostock Germany Hospital Sachsenhausen Frankfurt am Main Frankfurt Main Germany Muncipial Hospitals Dresden neustadt Dresden Germany StatConsult Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany

Background: Since January 1st of 2005, the situation of bariatric surgery is being analyzed in Germany. The data is registered prospectively in cooperation with the Institute of Quality Assurance in Surgery at the Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg. Methods: The data is registered through an online database which includes all information for primary and revision bariatric procedures as well as yearly follow-up. Participation in the quality assurance study is optional. All certificated centers have to participate at the survey. Results: From January 2006 to December 2009, 1478 sleeve gastrectomies (SG) were performed at 45 hospitals. The number of procedures has increased from 126 in 2007 to 933 in 2009. The main complication is leakage of the staple-line. Initial leakage rate was 7% in 2007. Leakage rate dropped down to 2.3% in 2008 and 2.5% in 2009. Mean age of patients was 43.1 years and mean BMI was 52.83 kg/m2. Age and BMI were significantly higher in patients with SG than in all other patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Conclusion: SG is a common and hype bariatric procedure in Germany, but postoperative complication rate is high. Data on the long-term effect of SG on weight loss and amelioration of comorbidities need to be evaluated. More detailed analyzes are necessary to establish the position of SG in the bariatric surgery. Further studies should also include examinations on long-term complications and redo-procedure after SG.

关键词： Bariatric Surgery Sleeve Gastrectomy German Multicenter Trial Leakage Complications

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Amelioration of Diabetes Mellitus Type II after Sleeve Gastrectomy—Data on nationwide Survey on Quality Assurance in Bariatric Surgery in Germany

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Surgical Science 2013年第12期4卷 8-12页

作者： I. El-Sayes R. Weiner M. Talai Rad S. Wolff C. Knoll T. Manger C. stroh Department of General Abdominal and Paediatric Surgery SRH Hospital Gera Germany Department of General Abdominal and Vascular Surgery University Hospital Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany Helios Hospital Bad Saarow Germany Sachsenhausen Hospital Frankfurt Germany Stat Consult Magdeburg Germany

Introduction: Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG) is becoming more popular due to its weight reducing effect and promising anti-diabetic efficacy. However, long term results are still lacking. Methods: The study focuses on anti-diabetic efficacy of SG through retrospective analysis of data for patients who underwent SG in Germany from 2005 to 2011. Anti-diabetic efficacy was assessed at 1, 2 and up to 4 years after surgery. Results: 5400 morbidly obese patients underwent SG. Of these 5400 patients 13.2% (n = 712) were insulin treated (IT) and 21.6% (n = 1165) were non-insulin treated (nIT). Total follow-up was accomplished in 41.24% of patients. Percentage of remission and improvement (RI) at 1 year was 83.8% (80.2% for insulin treated (IT) vs. 85.1% for non-insulin treated (nIT)). RI% at 2 years dropped to 77.6% (76.9% for IT vs. 77.9% for nIT patients). With late follow up (up to 4 years), RI% was 65.9% (58.8% for IT vs. 66.7% for nIT patients). Difference between IT and nIT patients was insignificant. Conclusion: SG shows promising ant-diabetic efficacy at 1 year, 2 years and up to 4 years after surgery. This efficacy gradually drops with prolonged time interval after surgery and seems to be insignificantly higher among nIT vs. IT patients.

关键词： Sleeve Gastrectomy Diabetes Mellitus Type II Diabetes Remission Metabolic Surgery

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Effect of electric boundary conditions on crack propagation in ferroelectric ceramics

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2014年第2期30卷 153-160页

作者： F.-X. Li Y.Sun R.K.n.D.Rajapakse State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems College of EngineeringPeking University Faculty of Applied Sciences Simon Fraser University

In this paper, the effect of electric boundary conditions on Mode I crack propagation in ferroelectric ceramics is studied by using both linear and nonlinear piezoelectric fracture mechanics. In linear analysis, impermeable cracks under open circuit and short circuit are analyzed using the stroh formalism and a rescaling method. It is shown that the energy release rate in short circuit is larger than that in open circuit. In nonlinear analysis, permeable crack conditions are used and the nonlinear effect of domain switching near a crack tip is considered using an energy-based switching criterion proposed by Hwang et al.（Acta Metal. Mater.,1995）. In open circuit, a large depolarization field induced by domain switching makes switching much more diffcult than that in short circuit. Analysis shows that the energy release rate in short circuit is still larger than that in open circuit, and is also larger than the linear result. Consequently,whether using linear or nonlinear fracture analysis, a crack is found easier to propagate in short circuit than in open circuit, which is consistent with the experimental observations of Kounga njiwa et al.（Eng. Fract. Mech., 2006）.

关键词： Ferroelectric ceramics Crack propagation En-ergy release rate Electric boundary conditions Domain switching

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