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Vagus nerve stimulation in intracerebral hemorrhage:the need for further research

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3213-3214页

作者： sheharyar s.Baig Ali n.Ali Arshad Majid sheffield Institute for Translational neuroscience Division of NeuroscienceThe University of SheffieldSheffieldUK

Vagus nerve stimulation(Vns)and stroke:stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability worldwide(Baig et al.,2023).There have been significant paradigm shifts in the management of acute ischemic stroke through mechanical *** chronic ischemic stroke,invasive Vns paired with rehabilitation is associated with a significant increase in upper limb motor recovery and is FDA-approved(Baig et al.,2023).There are no treatments of similar efficacy in acute intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)where several promising trials,e.g.,TICH-2,sTOP-AUsT,and TRAIGE did not show improvements in functional outcomes(Puy et al.,2023).

关键词： stimulation acute

Methods for a blind analysis of isobar data collected by the sTAR collaboration

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nuclear science and Techniques 2021年第5期32卷 43-50页

作者： J.Adam L.Adamczyk J.R.Adams J.K.Adkins G.Agakishiev M.M.Aggarwal Z.Ahammed I.Alekseev D.M.Anderson A.Aparin E.C.Aschenauer M.U.Ashraf F.G.Atetalla A.Attri G.s.Averichev V.Bairathi K.Barish A.Behera R.Bellwied A.Bhasin J.Bielcik J.Bielcikova L.C.Bland I.G.Bordyuzhin J.D.Brandenburg A.V.Brandin J.Butterworth H.Caines M.Calderon de la Barca sanchez D.Cebra I.Chakaberia P.Chaloupka B.K.Chan F-H.Chang Z.Chang n.Chankova-Bunzarova A.Chatterjee D.Chen J.Chen J.H.Chen X.Chen Z.Chen J.Cheng M.Cherney M.Chevalier s.Choudhury W.Christie X.Chu H.J.Crawford M.Csanad M.Daugherity T.G.Dedovich I.M.Deppner A.A.Derevschikov L.Didenko X.Dong J.L.Drachenberg J.C.Dunlop T.Edmonds n.Elsey J.Engelage G.Eppley s.Esumi O.Evdokimov A.Ewigleben O.Eyser R.Fatemi s.Fazio P.Federic J.Fedorisin C.J.Feng Y.Feng P.Filip E.Finch Y.Fisyak A.Francisco L.Fulek C.A.Gagliardi T.Galatyuk F.Geurts A.Gibson K.Gopal X.Gou D.Grosnick W.Guryn A.I.Hamad A.Hamed s.Harabasz J.W.Harris s.He W.He X.H.He Y.He s.Heppelmann s.Heppelmann n.Herrmann E.Hoffman L.Holub Y.Hong s.Horvat Y.Hu H.Z.Huang s.L.Huang T.Huang X.Huang T.J.Humanic P.Huo G.Igo D.Isenhower W.W.Jacobs C.Jena A.Jentsch Y.Ji J.Jia K.Jiang s.Jowzaee X.Ju E.G.Judd s.Kabana M.L.Kabir s.Kagamaster D.Kalinkin K.Kang D.Kapukchyan K.Kauder H.W.Ke D.Keane A.Kechechyan M.Kelsey Y.V.Khyzhniak D.P.Kikoła C.Kim B.Kimelman D.Kincses T.A.Kinghorn I.Kisel A.Kiselev M.Kocan L.Kochenda L.K.Kosarzewski L.Kramarik P.Kravtsov K.Krueger n.Kulathunga Mudiyanselage L.Kumar s.Kumar R.Kunnawalkam Elayavalli J.H.Kwasizur R.Lacey s.Lan J.M.Landgraf J.Lauret A.Lebedev R.Lednicky J.H.Lee Y.H.Leung C.Li C.Li W.Li W.Li X.Li Y.Li Y.Liang R.Licenik T.Lin Y.Lin M.A.Lisa F.Liu H.Liu P.Liu P.Liu T.Liu X.Liu Y.Liu Z.Liu T.Ljubicic W.J.Llope R.s.Longacre n.s.lukow s.Luo X.Luo G.L.Ma L.Ma R.Ma Y.G.Ma n.Magdy R.Majka D.Mallick s.Margetis C.Markert H.s.Matis J.A.Mazer n.G.Minaev s.Mioduszewski B.Mohanty I.Mooney Z.Moravcova D.A.Morozov M.nagy J.D.nam Md.nasim K.nayak D.neff J.M.nelson D.B.nemes M.nie G.nigmatkulov T.niida L.V.nogach T.nonak Christian University AbileneTX 796992 AGH University of science and Technology FPACSCracow 30-059Poland Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics nRC"Kurchatov Institute" MoscowRussia 117218 Argonne national Laboratory ArgonneIL 60439 American University of Cairo New CairoNew Cairo 11835Egypt Brookhaven national Laboratory UptonNY 11973 University of California BerkeleyCA 94720 University of California DavisCA 95616 University of California Los AngelesCA 90095 University of California RiversideCA 92521 Central China normal University Wuhan 430079 University of Illinois at Chicago ChicagoIL 60607 Creighton University OmahaNE 68178 Czech Technical University in Prague FNSPEPrague 11519Czech Republic Technische Universitat Darmstadt Darmstadt 64289Germany ELTE Eotvos Lorand University Budapest 1117Hungary Frankfurt Institute for Advanced studies FIAs Frankfurt 60438Germany Fudan University Shanghai 200433 University of Heidelberg 69120 HeidelbergGermany University of Houston HoustonTX 77204 Huzhou University Huzhou 313000 Indian Institute of science Education and Research(IIsER) Berhampur 760010India Indian Institute of science Education and Research(IIsER)Tirupati Tirupati 517507India Indian Institute Technology PatnaBihar 801106India Indiana University BloomingtonIN 47408 Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000 University of Jammu Jammu 180001India Joint Institute for nuclear Research DubnaRussia 141980 Kent state University KentOH 44242 University of Kentucky LexingtonKY 40506-0055 Lawrence Berkeley national Laboratory BerkeleyCA 94720 Lehigh University BethlehemPA 18015 Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik 80805 MunichGermany Michigan state University East LansingMI 48824 national Research nuclear University MEPhI MoscowRussia 115409 national Institute of science Education and Research HBNIJatni 752050India national Cheng Kung University Tainan 70101 nuclear Physics Institute of the CAs Rez 25068Czech Republic Ohio state University

In 2018,the sTAR collaboration collected data from^(96)_(44)Ru+^(96)_(44)Ru and^(96)_(40)Zr+^(96)_(40)Zr at√^(s)nn=200 Ge V to search for the presence of the chiral magnetic effect in collisions of *** isobar collision species alternated frequently between 9644 Ru+^(96)_(44)Ru and^(96)_(40)Zr+^(96)_(40)*** order to conduct blind analyses of studies related to the chiral magnetic effect in these isobar data,sTAR developed a three-step blind analysis *** are initially provided a"reference sample"of data,comprised of a mix of events from the two species,the order of which respects time-dependent changes in run *** tuning analysis codes and performing time-dependent quality assurance on the reference sample,analysts are provided a species-blind sample suitable for calculating efficiencies and corrections for individual≈30-min data-taking *** this sample,species-specific information is disguised,but individual output files contain data from a single isobar *** run-by-run corrections and code alteration subsequent to these corrections are allowed at this *** these modifications,the"frozen"code is passed over the fully un-blind data,completing the blind *** a check of the feasibility of the blind analysis procedure,analysts completed a"mock data challenge,"analyzing data from Au+Au collisions at√^(s)nn=27 Ge V,collected in *** Au+Au data were prepared in the same manner intended for the isobar blind *** details of the blind analysis procedure and results from the mock data challenge are presented.

关键词： Blind analysis Chiral magnetic effect Heavy-ion collisions

Measurement of away-side broadening with self-subtraction of flow in Au+Au collisions at √snn=200 GeV

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Chinese Physics C 2020年第10期44卷 59-67页

作者： L.Adamczyk J.R.Adams J.K.Adkins G.Agakishiev M.M.Aggarwal Z.Ahammed I.Alekseev D.M.Anderson A.Aparin E.C.Aschenauer M.U.Ashraf F.G.Atetalla A.Attri G.s.Averichev V.Bairathi K.Barish A.Behera R.Bellwied A.Bhasin J.Bielcik J.Bielcikova L.C.Bland I.G.Bordyuzhin J.D.Brandenburg A.V.Brandin J.Butterworth H.Caines M.Calderón de la Barca sánchez D.Cebra I.Chakaberia P.Chaloupka B.K.Chan F-H.Chang Z.Chang n.Chankova-Bunzarova A.Chatterjee D.Chen J.H.Chen X.Chen Z.Chen J.Cheng M.Cherney M.Chevalier s.Choudhury W.Christie X.Chu H.J.Crawford M.Csanád M.Daugherity T.G.Dedovich I.M.Deppner A.A.Derevschikov L.Didenko X.Dong J.L.Drachenberg J.C.Dunlop T.Edmonds n.Elsey J.Engelage G.Eppley s.Esumi O.Evdokimov A.Ewigleben O.Eyser R.Fatemi s.Fazio P.Federic J.Fedorisin C.J.Feng Y.Feng P.Filip E.Finch Y.Fisyak A.Francisco L.Fulek C.A.Gagliardi T.Galatyuk F.Geurts A.Gibson K.Gopal D.Grosnick W.Guryn A.I.Hamad A.Hamed s.Harabasz J.W.Harris s.He W.He X.H.He s.Heppelmann s.Heppelmann n.Herrmann E.Hoffman L.Holub Y.Hong s.Horvat Y.Hu H.Z.Huang s.L.Huang T.Huang X.Huang T.J.Humanic P.Huo G.Igo D.Isenhower W.W.Jacobs C.Jena A.Jentsch Y.JI J.Jia K.Jiang s.Jowzaee X.Ju E.G.Judd s.Kabana M.L.Kabir s.Kagamaster D.Kalinkin K.Kang D.Kapukchyan K.Kauder H.W.Ke D.Keane A.Kechechyan M.Kelsey Y.V.Khyzhniak D.P.Kikoła C.Kim B.Kimelman D.Kincses T.A.Kinghorn I.Kisel A.Kiselev M.Kocan L.Kochenda L.K.Kosarzewski L.Kramarik P.Kravtsov K.Krueger n.Kulathunga Mudiyanselage L.Kumar s.Kumar R.Kunnawalkam Elayavalli J.H.Kwasizur R.Lacey s.Lan J.M.Landgraf J.Lauret A.Lebedev R.Lednicky J.H.Lee Y.H.Leung C.Li W.Li W.Li X.Li Y.Li Y.Liang R.Licenik T.Lin Y.Lin M.A.Lisa F.Liu H.Liu P.Liu P.Liu T.Liu X.Liu Y.Liu Z.Liu T.Ljubicic W.J.Llope R.s.Longacre n.s.lukow s.Luo X.Luo G.L.Ma L.Ma R.Ma Y.G.Ma n.Magdy R.Majka D.Mallick s.Margetis C.Markert H.s.Matis J.A.Mazer n.G.Minaev s.Mioduszewski B.Mohanty I.Mooney Z.Moravcova D.A.Morozov M.nagy J.D.nam nasim Md K.nayak D.neff J.M.nelson D.B.nemes M.nie G.nigmatkulov T.niida L.V.nogach T.nonaka A.s.nunes G.Odyniec A.Ogawa Abilene Christian University AbileneTexas 79699 AGH University of science and Technology FPACSCracow 30-059Poland Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics nRC"Kurchatov Institute" Moscow 117218Russia Argonne national Laboratory ArgonneIllinois 60439 American University of Cairo New Cairo 11835New CairoEgypt Brookhaven national Laboratory UptonNew York 11973 University of California BerkeleyCalifornia 94720 University of California DavisCalifornia 95616 University of California Los AngelesCalifornia 90095 University of California RiversideCalifornia 92521 Central China normal University WuhanHubei 430079 University of Illinois at Chicago ChicagoIllinois 60607 Creighton University OmahaNebraska 68178 Czech Technical University in Prague FNSPEPrague 11519Czech Republic Technische Universität Darmstadt Darmstadt 64289Germany ELTE Eötvös Loránd University BudapestHungary H-1117 Frankfurt Institute for Advanced studies FIAs Frankfurt 60438Germany Fudan University Shanghai 200433 University of Heidelberg Heidelberg 69120Germany University of Houston HoustonTexas 77204 Huzhou University HuzhouZhejiang 313000 Indian Institute of science Education and Research(IIsER) Berhampur 760010India Indian Institute of science Education and Research(IIsER)Tirupati Tirupati 517507India Indian Institute Technology PatnaBihar 801106India Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47408 Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000 University of Jammu Jammu 180001India Joint Institute for nuclear Research Dubna 141980Russia Kent state University KentOhio 44242 University of Kentucky LexingtonKentucky 40506-0055 Lawrence Berkeley national Laboratory BerkeleyCalifornia 94720 Lehigh University BethlehemPennsylvania 18015 Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Munich 80805Germany Michigan state University East LansingMichigan 48824 national Research nuclear University MEPhI Moscow 115409Russia national Institute of science Education and Research HBNIJatni 752050Indi

High transverse momentum(pT)particle production is suppressed owing to the parton(jet)energy loss in the hot dense medium created in relativistic heavy-ion *** of energy at low-to-modest pT has been difficult to measure,owing to large anisotropic *** report a data-driven method for background evaluation and subtraction,exploiting the away-side pseudorapidity gaps,to measure the jetlike correlation shape in Au+Au collisions at √snn=200 GeV in the sTAR *** correlation shapes,for trigger particles pT>3GeV/c and various associated particle pT ranges within 0.5nsistent with Gaussians,and their widths increase with *** results indicate jet broadening in the medium created in central heavy-ion collisions.

关键词： di-hadron correlations jet heavy-ion

Data-driven drug repositioning using olfactory omics profiles:challenges and perspectives in neurodegeneration

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1997-1998页

作者： Paz Cartas-Cejudo Adriana Cortés Mercedes Lachén-Montes Elena Anaya-Cubero Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen Enrique santamaría Clinical neuroproteomics Unit Proteomics PlatformNavarrabiomedHospitalario Universitario de Navarra(HUN)Universidad Pública de Navarra(UPNA)IdiSNANavarra Institute for Health ResearchPamplonaSpain

Data-driven drug repositioning using olfactory omics profiles-challenges and perspectives in neurodegeneration:neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by progressive degeneration and loss of neuronal function in the central nervous *** diseases are often characterized as proteinopathies,which are disorders primarily driven by the aggregation or misfolding of specific amyloid proteins within cells,leading to their dysfunction and eventual *** the gain-of-function hypothesis related to the aggregation of these proteins,recently,an alternative hypothesis regarding the loss-of-function of the soluble monomeric proteins during the process of aggregation into amyloids is gaining *** last event is called proteinopenia and refers to conditions characterized by a deficiency or decrease in the levels of specific soluble proteins in the body(Ezzat et al.,2023).It has been demonstrated that levels of soluble proteins involved in neurodegenerative diseases are decreased.

关键词： diseases drug amyloid

Olfactory receptors in neural regeneration in the central nervous system

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2480-2494页

作者： Rafael Franco Claudia Garrigós Toni Capó Joan serrano-Marín Rafael Rivas-santisteban Jaume Lillo Molecular neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiomedicineFacultat de BiologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Ciberned network Center for Biomedical Research in neurodegenerative Diseases Spanish National Health Institute Carlos ⅢMadridSpain school of Chemistry Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Department of Biochemistry and Physiology School of Pharmacy and Food SciencesUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Laboratory of Computational Medicine Biostatistics UnitFaculty of MedicineAutonomous University of BarcelonaCampus BellaterraBarcelonaSpain

Olfactory receptors are crucial for detecting odors and play a vital role in our sense of smell,influencing behaviors from food choices to emotional *** receptors also contribute to our perception of flavor and have potential applications in medical diagnostics and environmental *** ability of the olfactory system to regenerate its sensory neurons provides a unique model to study neural regeneration,a phenomenon largely absent in the central nervous *** gained from how olfactory neurons continuously replace themselves and reestablish functional connections can provide strategies to promote similar regenerative processes in the central nervous system,where damage often results in permanent *** the molecular and cellular mechanisms underpinning olfactory neuron regeneration could pave the way for developing therapeutic approaches to treat spinal co rd injuries and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's *** ctory receptors are found in almost any cell of eve ry orga n/tissue of the mammalian *** ectopic expression provides insights into the chemical structures that can activate olfactory *** addition to odors,olfactory receptors in ectopic expression may respond to endogenous compounds and molecules produced by mucosal colonizing *** analysis of the function of olfactory receptors in ectopic expression provides valuable information on the signaling pathway engaged upon receptor activation and the receptor's role in proliferation and cell differentiation *** review explo res the ectopic expression of olfa ctory receptors and the role they may play in neural regeneration within the central nervous system,with particular attention to compounds that can activate these receptors to initiate regenerative *** suggests that olfactory receptors could serve as potential therapeutic targets for enhancing neural repair and recovery following central nervous syste

关键词： adenosine receptors adrenergic receptors ectopic expression G proteincoupled receptors glia neurons

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and synapse elimination

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep Tomàs Víctor Cilleros-Mañé Laia Just-Borràs Marta Balanyà-segura Aleksandra Polishchuk Laura nadal Marta Tomàs Carolina silvera-simón Manel M.santafé Maria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i neurobiologia(UHneurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous system,there is an overproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or *** have extensively studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal development and synapse elimination process versus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental synapse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and C(PKA and PKC)and voltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerve endings in developmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve terminals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75nTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the PKA/PKC activity ratio to lower values,both in competing nerve terminals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are present,together with the n-type channel in developing nerve terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elimination serine kinases tropomyosin-related kinase receptorB

Regulator of G protein signaling 6 mediates exercise-induced recovery of hippocampal neurogenesis,learning,and memory in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2969-2981页

作者： Mackenzie M.spicer Jianqi Yang Daniel Fu Alison n.DeVore Marisol Lauffer nilufer s.Atasoy Deniz Atasoy Rory A.Fisher Department of neuroscience and Pharmacology University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA Iowa neuroscience Institute University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA neural Circuits and Behavior Core University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA

Hippocampal neuronal loss causes cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer’s *** hippocampal neurogenesis is reduced in patients with Alzheimer’s *** stimulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis in rodents and improves memory and slows cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer’s ***,the molecular pathways for exercise-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis and improved cognition in Alzheimer’s disease are poorly ***,regulator of G protein signaling 6(RGs6)was identified as the mediator of voluntary running-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis in ***,we generated novel RGs6fl/fl;APP_(sWE) mice and used retroviral approaches to examine the impact of RGs6 deletion from dentate gyrus neuronal progenitor cells on voluntary running-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition in an amyloid-based Alzheimer’s disease mouse *** found that voluntary running in APP_(sWE) mice restored their hippocampal cognitive impairments to that of control *** cognitive rescue was abolished by RGs6 deletion in dentate gyrus neuronal progenitor cells,which also abolished running-mediated increases in adult hippocampal *** hippocampal neurogenesis was reduced in sedentary APP_(sWE) mice versus control mice,with basal adult hippocampal neurogenesis reduced by RGs6 deletion in dentate gyrus neural precursor ***6 was expressed in neurons within the dentate gyrus of patients with Alzheimer’s disease with significant loss of these RGs6-expressing ***,RGs6 mediated voluntary running-induced rescue of impaired cognition and adult hippocampal neurogenesis in APP_(sWE) mice,identifying RGs6 in dentate gyrus neural precursor cells as a possible therapeutic target in Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： adult hippocampal neurogenesis Alzheimer’s disease dentate gyrus exercise learning/memory neural precursor cells regulator of G protein signaling 6(RGs6)

Impacts of PI3K/protein kinase B pathway activation in reactive astrocytes: from detrimental effects to protective functions

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1031-1041页

作者： Ramón Pérez-núñez María Fernanda González Ana María Avalos Lisette Leyton Cellular Communication Laboratory Programa de Biología Celular y MolecularCenter for Studies on ExerciseMetabolism and Cancer(CEMC)Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas(ICBM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases(ACCDis) Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences&Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Autónoma de ChileSantiagoChile

Astrocytes are the most abundant type of glial cell in the central nervous *** injury and inflammation,astrocytes become reactive and undergo morphological and functional *** on their phenotypic classification as A1 or A2,reactive astrocytes contribute to both neurotoxic and neuroprotective responses,***,this binary classification does not fully capture the diversity of astrocyte responses observed across different diseases and *** analysis has revealed that reactive astrocytes have a complex landscape of gene expression profiles,which emphasizes the heterogeneous nature of their *** actively participate in regulating central nervous system inflammation by interacting with microglia and other cell types,releasing cytokines,and influencing the immune *** phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)signaling pathway is a central player in astrocyte reactivity and impacts various aspects of astrocyte behavior,as evidenced by in silico,in vitro,and in vivo *** astrocytes,inflammatory cues trigger a cascade of molecular events,where nuclear factor-κB serves as a central mediator of the pro-inflammatory ***,we review the heterogeneity of reactive astrocytes and the molecular mechanisms underlying their *** highlight the involvement of various signaling pathways that regulate astrocyte reactivity,including the PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),αvβ3 integrin/PI3K/AKT/connexin 43,and notch/PI3K/AKT *** targeting the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT cellular signaling pathway to control reactive astrocytes and prevent central nervous system damage,evidence suggests that activating this pathway could also yield beneficial *** dual function of the PI3K/AKT pathway underscores its complexity in astrocyte reactivity and brain function *** review emphasizes the importance of employing astrocyte-exclusive models to underst

关键词： inflammation integrins neuroprotective neurotoxic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase reactive astrocytes signal transduction Thy-1(CD90)

Astrocytes, reactive astrogliosis, and glial scar formation in traumatic brain injury

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 973-989页

作者： María Belén Cieri Alberto Javier Ramos Laboratorio de neuropatología Molecular IBCN UBA-CONICETFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina

Traumatic brain injury is a global health crisis,causing significant death and disability *** that follows traumatic brain injury has serious consequences for neuronal survival and cognitive impairments,with astrocytes involved in this *** traumatic brain injury,astrocytes rapidly become reactive,and astrogliosis propagates from the injury core to distant brain *** astroglial proteins are downregulated near the traumatic brain injury core,while pro-inflammatory astroglial genes are *** altered gene expression is considered a pathological remodeling of astrocytes that produces serious consequences for neuronal survival and cognitive *** addition,glial scar formed by reactive astrocytes is initially necessary to limit immune cell infiltration,but in the long term impedes axonal reconnection and functional *** therapeutic strategies for traumatic brain injury are focused on preventing acute ***,cannabinoids,progesterone,beta-blockers,and cerebrolysin demonstrate neuroprotective benefits but most of them have not been studied in the context of *** this review,we discuss the cell signaling pathways activated in reactive astrocytes following traumatic brain injury and we discuss some of the potential new strategies aimed to modulate astroglial responses in traumatic brain injury,especially using cell-targeted strategies with miRnAs or lncRnA,viral vectors,and repurposed drugs.

关键词： astrocyte glial scar innate immunity neuroinflammation stab injury Toll-like receptors