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PRCl Marks the Difference in Plant PcG Repression

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Molecular Plant 2014年第3期7卷 459-471页

作者： myriam calonje Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis (IBVF) Avenida America Vespucio 49 Isla de La Cartuja 41092 Seville Spain

From mammals to plants, the Polycomb Group （PcG） machinery plays a crucial role in maintaining the repres- sion of genes that are not required in a specific differentiation status. However, the mechanism by which PeG machinery mediates gene repression is still largely unknown in plants. Compared to animals, few PcG proteins have been identi- fied in plants, not only because just some of these proteins are clearly conserved to their animal counterparts, but also because some PcG functions are carried out by plant-specific proteins, most of them as yet uncharacterized. For a long time, the apparent lack of Polycomb Repressive Complex （PRC）I components in plants was interpreted according to the idea that plants, as sessile organisms, do not need a long-term repression, as they must be able to respond rapidly to environmental signals; however, some PRC1 components have been recently identified, indicating that this may not be the case. Furthermore, new data regarding the recruitment of PcG complexes and maintenance of PcG repression in plants have revealed important differences to what has been reported so far. This review highlights recent progress in plant PcG function, focusing on the role of the putative PRC1 components.

关键词： Polycomb Group epigenetic regulation PRC1 gene repression H2A monoubiquitination chromatin compaction.

Regulation of the New Arabidopsis Imprinted Gene AtBMIIC Requires the Interplay of Different Epigenetic Mechanisms

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Molecular Plant 2012年第1期5卷 260-269页

作者： Fabian Bratzel ChaoYang Alexandra Angelova Gema Lopez-Torrejon Marcus Koch Juan Carlos del Pozo myriam calonje Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg Department of Biodiversity and Plant Systernatics University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheirner Feld 345 69120 Heidelberg Germany Centro de Biotecnologia y Genomica de Plantas （UPM-INIA） Campus de Montegancedo s/n Boadilla del Monte 28660 Madrid Spain

Recently, it has been shown that plants contain homologs to the animal Polycomb repressive complex I （PRC1） components BM11 and RINGIA/B. In Arabidopsis, there are three BMIl-like genes, two of which, AtBMIIA and B, are required during post-embryonic plant growth to repress embryonic traits and allow cell differentiation. However, little is known about the third BMIl-like gene, AtBMIIC. In this work, we show that AtBMIIC is only expressed during endosperm and stamen development. AtBMIIC is an imprinted gene expressed from the maternal allele in the endosperm but bialleli- cally expressed in stamen. We found that the characteristic expression pattern of AtBMIIC is the result of a complex epigenetic regulation that involves CG DNA methylation, RNA-directed non-CG DNA methylation （RdDM）, and PcG activity. Our results show the orchestrated interplay of different epigenetic mechanisms in regulating gene expression throughout development, shedding light on the current hypotheses for the origin and mechanism of imprinting in plant endosperm.

关键词： Epigenetics gene silencing development Polycomb Group proteins.

Temporal and Spatial Requirement of EMF1 Activity for Arabidopsis Vegetative and Reproductive Development

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Molecular Plant 2009年第4期2卷 643-653页

作者： Rosario Sanchez Minjung Y. Kim myriam calonje Yong-Hwan Moon Z. Renee Sung Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Present address: Heidelberg Institute for Plant Science Biodiversity and Plant Systematics Heidelberg University 69120 Heidelberg Germany Present address: Department of Molecular Biology Pusan National University 30 Jangjeon-dong Geumjeong-gu Busan 609-735 Korea

EMBRYONIC FLOWER （EMF） genes are required to maintain vegetative development via repression of flower homeotic genes in Arabidopsis. Removal of EMF gene function caused plants to flower upon germination, producing abnormal and sterile flowers. The pleiotropic effect of ernfl mutation suggests its requirement for gene programs involved in diverse developmental processes. Transgenic plants harboring EMF1 promoter：：glucuronidase （GUS） reporter gene were generated to investigate the temporal and spatial expression pattern of EMF1. These plants displayed differential GUS activity in vegetative and flower tissues, consistent with the role of EMF1 in regulating multiple gene programs. EMFI：：GUS expression pattern in emf mutants suggests organ-specific auto-regulation. Sense- and antisense （as） EMF1 cDNA were expressed under the control of stage- and tissue-specific promoters in transgenic plants. Characterization of these transgenic plants showed that EMF1 activity is required in meristematic as well as differentiating tissues to rescue emf mutant phenotype. Temporal removal or reduction of EMF1 activity in the embryo or shoot apex of wild-type seedlings was sufficient to cause early flowering and terminal flower formation in adult plants. Such reproductive cell memory is reflected in the flower MADS-box gene activity expressed prior to flowering in these early flowering plants. However, temporal removal of EMF1 activity in flower meristem did not affect flower development. Our results are consistent with EMF1＇s primary role in repressing flowering in order to allow for vegetative growth.

关键词： EMF1 stage-specific promoter early flowering reproductive cell memory vegetative/reproductive development repression of flower MADS-box genes.

Parentage analysis in Gabonese colonies of soil-feeding termites belonging to the Cubitermes sp. affinis subarquatus complex of species （Termitidae＂ Termitinae）

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Insect Science 2010年第2期17卷 84-90页

作者： Virginie Roy Lise Dupont myriam Harry Unite Mixte de Recherche 7618 Bioemco Universite Paris 12-Val de Mame 61 avenue du Gen6ral de Gaulle 94010 Creteil cedex Laboratoire Evolution Genomes et Speciation UPRg034 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 91198 Gif sur YvetteFrance

Cubitermes spp. are widely distributed soil-feeding termite species in sub- Saharan Africa which play a fundamental role in soil structure and fertility. A complex of at least four cryptic species （i.e., Cubitermes sp. affunis subarquatus complex of species） has been recently described using molecular markers. In order to investigate the breeding system of these species, five microsatellite markers were used to carry out parentage and re- latedness analyses in 15 Gabonese colonies. Monogamy was confirmed as the predominant reproductive organization in Cubitermes spp. （76% of the colonies）. Within 30% of these monogamous colonies, a high relatedness between reproductives was shown, suggesting that mating between related individuals occurs. However, Cubitermes colonies can deviate from monogamy. Indeed, parental contributions by at least two related reproductives of the same sex were revealed in four colonies and polyandry was demonstrated in two of them. Infiltration of reproductives in the colony is the most plausible explanation for such cases of polygamy in Cubitermes spp.

关键词： breeding system Cubitermes spp. microsatellite markers monogamy soil- feeding termites

Femtosecond Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Detection of Trace Elements in Sophora Leaves

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Chinese Physics Letters 2007年第12期24卷 3466-3468页

作者： myriam Bossu 郝作强 Matthieu Baudelet 俞进张喆张杰 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 Laboratoire de Spectrométrie Ionique et Moléculaire UMR CNRS 5579 Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 43 Bd. du 11 Novembre 1918 F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex France Department of Physics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240

Sophora leaves from several areas in Beijing are analysed by femtosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy （femto-LIBS）. Although the used spectral detection system is not time-resolved, the spectral lines of trace mineral elements are detected and analysed. It is proven that the femto-LIBS can be an efficient method to detect mineral trace elements contained in tree leaves which is a biomonitor for atmospheric pollution assessment or botanic studies. An interesting case of correlation between trace elements detected in tree leaves and the pollution of the concerned area is presented, for the first time to our knowledge.

关键词： thermoelectric half-Heusler compounds thermal conductivity

Characterization, passive and active treatment in strabismic amblyopia: a narrative review

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第7期13卷 1132-1147页

作者： myriam Milla David P.Pinero Department of Optometry OFTALVIST AlicanteAlicante 03016Spain Group of Optics and Visual Perception Department of OpticsPharmacology and AnatomyUniversity of AlicanteSan Vicente del RaspeigAlicante 03690Spain

Strabismic amblyopia is characterized by a distorted spatial *** this condition,the neurofunctional disorder occurring during first years of life provoke several monocular and binocular anomalies such as crowding,deficits in the accommodative response,contrast sensitivity,and ocular motility *** inhibition of the binocular function of the brain by the misaligned amblyopic eye induces a binocular imbalance leading to interocular suppression and the reduction or lack of *** treatments such as occlusion,optical and/or pharmacological penalization,and Bangerter foils has been demonstrated to be potentially useful treatments for strabismic *** researches have proved new pharmacological options to improve and maintain visual acuity af ter occlusion treatment in strabismic ***,the active vision therapy,in the last years,is becoming a very relevant therapeutic option in combination with passive treatments,especially during and after monocular therapy,in the attempt of recovering the imbalanced binocular vision.

关键词： amblyopia strabismus occlusion vision therapy strabismic amblyopia penalization Bangerter foil

Salinity effect on the compaction behaviour,matric suction,stiffness and microstructure of a silty soil

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2021年第4期13卷 855-863页

作者： Zi Ying Yu-Jun Cui Nadia Benahmed myriam Duc Ecole des Ponts ParisTech Laboratoire Navier/CERMES6-8 av.Blaise PascalCite DescartesChamps-sur-MarneMarne-la-Vallee cedex 277455France INRAE Aix Marseille UnivRECOVEREquipe G2DR3275 route CezanneCS 40061Aix-en-Provence13182France Universite Gustave Eiffel IFSTTAR/GERS/SRO14-20 boulevard NewtonChamps-sur-MarneMarne-la-Vallee77447France

To better understand the salinity effect on the compaction behaviour of soil,standard Proctor compaction test was conducted on soil samples with different *** suction and small-strain shear modulus,G_(max),were determined and pore size distribution was also investigated on samples statically compacted at different water *** showed that with the decrease of soil salinity from initial value of 2.1‰(g of salt/kg of dry soil)to zero,the maximum dry density increased and the optimum water content decreased,whereas there was no significant change with the increase of soil salinity from 2.1‰ to 6.76‰.Interestingly,it was observed that G_(max) also decreased when the soil salinity decreased from initial value of 2.1‰ to zero and kept almost constant when the soil salinity increased from 2.1‰ to 6.76‰,for dry samples with similar matric suction and also for samples compacted at optimum state and on wet side whose matric suctions were slightly different due to the difference in remoulded water ***,the effect of salinity on compaction behaviour and G_(max) decreased for samples compacted from dry side to wet *** pore size distribution exhibited bi-modal characteristics with two populations of micro-and macro-pores not only for samples compacted on dry side and at optimum state,but also for those compacted on wet *** examination showed that the modal size of micro-pores shifted to lower values and that of macro-pores shifted to higher values for saline soil compared to the soil without salt.

关键词： Silts Compaction Suction Stiffness Microstructure

Determining osmotic suction through electrical conductivity for unsaturated low-plasticity soils

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第6期14卷 1946-1955页

作者： Zi Ying Nadia Benahmed Yu-Jun Cui myriam Duc Ecole des Ponts ParisTech Laboratoire Navier/CERMES6-8 Av.Blaise PascalCitéDescartesChamps-sur-MarneMarne-la-ValléeCedex277455France INRAE Aix Marseille UniversityUnitéde Recherche RECOVER3275 Route CézanneAix-en-Provence13182France UniversitéGustave Eiffel IFSTTAR/GERS/SRO14-20 Boulevard NewtonChamps-sur-MarneMarne-la-Vallée77447France

Determining osmotic suction from the electrical conductivity(EC)of soil pore water was widely reported in the ***,while dealing with unsaturated soils,they do not have enough soil pore water to be extracted for a reliable measurement of *** this paper,the chilled-mirror dew-point hygrometer and contact filter paper method were used to determine the total and matric suctions for low-plasticity soils with different salinities(0.05‰,2.1‰,and 6.76‰).A new piecewise function was proposed to calculate the osmotic suction,with the piecewise point corresponding to the first occurrence of precipitated salt in mixed salt solutions(synthetic seawater).EC,ion and salt concentrations used for osmotic suction calculation were transformed from the established relationships of mixed salt solution instead of experimental *** calculated osmotic suction by the proposed equation and the equations in the literature was compared with the indirectly measured one(the difference between the measured total and matric suctions).Results showed that the calculated osmotic suction,especially the one calculated using the proposed function,was in fair agreement with the indirectly measured data(especially for specimens with higher salinity of 6.76‰),suggesting that the transformation of EC and concentrations from the established relationship is a good alternative to direct measurement for lowplasticity *** particular,the proposed method could be applied to unsaturated low-plasticity soils which do not have enough soil pore water for a proper EC measurement.

关键词： Unsaturated soils Mixed salt solutions Osmotic suction Electrical conductivity(EC)

The rise of the digital economy:Thoughts on blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies for the collaborative economy

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2019年第4期3卷 84-93页

作者： myriam Ertz Emilie Boily Department of Economics and Administrative Sciences Universite Du Quebec a ChicoutimiChicoutimiQuebecG7H 2B1Canada

This study highlights the potential impacts of blockchain technology on the collaborativeeconomy(CE),colloquially known as the sharing *** conceptual review firstanalyzes how the CE intersects with the blockchain *** consumptioninvolves an intensification of peer-to-peer trade,underpinned by robust digital in-frastructures and processes,hence an increased use of new technologies and a redefinitionof business *** an inherently connected economy,the CE is,therefore,prone tointegrating the most recent technological advances including artificial intelligence,bigdata analysis,augmented reality,the smart grid,and blockchain *** reviewthen furthers the examination of the organizational and managerial implications related tothe use of blockchain technology in terms of governance,transaction costs,and userconfidence.A closing case finally examines the role of a prominent social networking site(i.e.,Facebook)in the CE-blockchain nexus.

关键词： Blockchain technology Collaborative economy Cryptocurrency Social networking site Business Governance Trust Digital economy