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Using a Game to Engage Stakeholders in Extreme Event Attribution Science

International Journal of Disaster risk Science 2016年第4期7卷 353-365页

作者： Hannah r.Parker rosalind J.Cornforth Pablo Suarez myles r.allen Emily Boyd rachel James richard G.Jones Friederike E.L.Otto Peter Walton Department of Meteorology University of Reading Walker Institute University of Reading red Cross red Crescent Climate Centre Pardee Center for the Study of the Longer-range Future Boston University Environmental Change Institute University of Oxford Atmospheric Oceanic and Planetary PhysicsUniversity of Oxford Department of Geography and Environmental Science University of Reading Present Address:Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies Met Office Hadley Centre School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford

The impacts of weather and climate-related disasters are increasing,and climate change can exacerbate many *** communicating climate risk and integrating science into policy requires scientists and stakeholders to work *** dialogue between scientists and policymakers can be challenging given the inherently multidimensional nature of the issues at stake when managing climate *** on the growing use of serious games to create dialogue between stakeholders,we present a new game for policymakers called Climate Attribution Under Loss and Damage:risking,Observing,Negotiating(CAULDrON).CAULDrON aims to communicate understanding of the science attributing extreme events to climate change in a memorable and compelling way,and create space for dialogue around policy decisions addressing changing risks and loss and damage from climate *** describe the process of developing CAULDrON,and draw on observations of players and their feedback to demonstrate its potential to facilitate the interpretation of probabilistic climate information and the understanding of its relevance to informing *** looking to engage with stakeholders can learn valuable lessons in adopting similar innovative *** suitability of games depends on the policy context but,if used appropriately,experiential learning can drive coproduced understanding and meaningful dialogue.

关键词： Climate change Extreme event attribution Loss and damage policy Participatory games Probabilistic event attribution(PEA) risk management

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Metabolic reprogramming by Syntenin-1 directs rA FLS and endothelial cell-mediated inflammation and angiogenesis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第1期21卷 33-46页

作者： Anja Meyer Stephanie r.Zack Wes Nijim Adel Burgos Vishwa Patel Brian Zanotti Michael V.Volin M.Asif Amin myles J.Lewis Costantino Pitzalis Shiva Arami Joseph A.Karam Nadera J.Sweiss Shiva Shahrara Jesse Brown VA Medical Center ChicagoILUSA Department of Medicine Division of RheumatologyThe University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA Department of Microbiology and Immunology Midwestern UniversityDowners GroveILUSA Division of rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Centre for Experimental Medicine and rheumatology William Harvey Research InstituteBarts and The London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Centre for Experimental Medicine&rheumatology William Harvey Research InstituteQueen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC&NHS TrustLondonUK Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas Universityand Humanitas Research HospitalMilanItaly Department of Orthopedic Surgery the University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA

A novel rheumatoid arthritis(rA)synovial fluid protein,Syntenin-1,and its receptor,Syndecan-1(SDC-1),are colocalized on rA synovial tissue endothelial cells and fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLS).Syntenin-1 exacerbates the inflammatory landscape of endothelial cells and rA FLS by upregulating transcription of IrF1/5/7/9,IL-1β,IL-6,and CCL2 through SDC-1 ligation and HIF1α,or mTOr ***,Syntenin-1 orchestrates rA FLS and endothelial cell invasion via SDC-1 and/or mTOr *** Syntenin-1 reprogrammed endothelial cells,the dynamic expression of metabolic intermediates coincides with escalated glycolysis along with unchanged oxidative factors,AMPK,PGC-1α,citrate,and inactive oxidative ***,rA FLS rewired by Syntenin-1 displayed a modest glycolytic-ATP accompanied by a robust mitochondrial-ATP *** enriched mitochondrial-ATP detected in Syntenin-1 reprogrammed rA FLS was coupled with mitochondrial fusion and fission recapitulated by escalated Mitofusin-2 and DrP1 *** found that VEGFr1/2 and Notch1 networks are responsible for the crosstalk between Syntenin-1 rewired endothelial cells and rA FLS,which are also represented in rA *** to rA explants,morphological and transcriptome studies authenticated the importance of VEGFr1/2,Notch1,rAPTOr,and HIF1αpathways in Syntenin-1 arthritic mice and their obstruction in SDC-1 deficient ***,dysregulation of SDC-1,mTOr,and HIF1αnegated Syntenin-1 inflammatory phenotype in rA explants,while inhibition of HIF1αimpaired synovial angiogenic imprint amplified by *** conclusion,since the current therapies are ineffective on Syntenin-1 and SDC-1 expression in rA synovial tissue and blood,targeting this pathway and its interconnected metabolic intermediates may provide a novel therapeutic strategy.

关键词： Syntenin-1 Syndecan-1 rA FLS rA explants immunometabolism

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Cytotoxicity, Toxicity and Anticancer Activity of Manuka Honey, Saudi’s Honey and Peganum harmala Plant against Cancer Cells

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 311-325页

作者： Naif M. Alhawiti Elber-Lewis myles Anaif M. Alhewaitey Yousef M. Almutairi Fadhah M. Alhawiti CAHFS University of California Davis Davis USA Department of Biological Science Tennessee State University Nashville Tennessee USA Department of Chemistry University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health East Jeddah General Hospital Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Cancer occurs when the body’s cells grow beyond the usual control. Normal body cells multiply in a controlled manner and undergo apoptosis when the body no longer needs them. Different types of cancers exist, and the common ones include breast, cervical, prostate, lung, colon, and skin cancers. Several factors have been associated with cancers, and these factors include poor dieting, exposure to harmful chemicals and radiation, weak immune system, and genetics. Cancer presents an enormous health threat in the modern world and thus the need to identify an effective treatment. The conventional treatments used in the management of cancer include chemotherapy and physiotherapy. These forms of cancer treatments usually have enormous side effects on the subjects. In this respect, an alternative form of treatment would be effective in managing cancer patients. A substantial number of natural products have been observed to be effective in the management of cancer. These natural products include plants and other natural substances such as honey. This study focuses on the efficiency of natural products in the treatment of cancer. Also, the anticancer effects of Peganum harmala, Manuka honey, and Saudi honey will be analyzed. Bee honey and Peganum harmala have been traditionally used in the treatment of cancer. The extracts from Peganum harmala plant have also been shown to exhibit divers’ antitumor effects similar to the mode of action of a vast number of anticancer agents. These established hypotheses thus give the rationale for this study. In this experiment, extracts were obtained from Peganum harmala leaves and exposed to cervical, lung, and prostate cancer cells. Similarly, solutions of Manuka honey and Saudi honey were exposed to the cervical, lung, and prostate cancer cells. The experiment duration was 24 hours, which obtained results were recorded and analyzed. Peganum harmala extracts inhibit cancer cell growth at different and achievable concentrations. Manuka honey

关键词： Peganum harmala Manuka Honey Saudi Honey Anticancer Apoptosis Natural Products

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Antibacteria Activity of Peganum harmala and Haloxylon salicornicum Leaves Extracts

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第2期14卷 122-136页

作者： Naif M. Alhawiti Agnes K. Nthenge Waeel H. Alramadhan William Boadi Abdulrahman F. Alqahtani Elber-Lewis myles CAHFS University of California Davis USA Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences College of Agriculture Tennessee State University Nashville USA Department of Biological Science Tennessee State University Nashville USA Department of Chemistry Tennessee State University Nashville USA Saudi Food and Drug Authority Riyadh Saudi Arabia

The use of antibiotics in humans and animals has been marked as a significant step in health due to their effectiveness in controlling and treating bacterial infections. The misuse and overuse of antibiotics have been identified as risk factors for bacterial resistance since microorganisms adapt and develop mechanisms to defend against antibiotics. According to the Centers for Disease Protection and Control (CDC), around 23,000 individuals die every year in the United States due to antibiotic resistance complications. As a result, a demand for alternative treatments has been a goal for scientists as the microbes adapt to selective pressure. The aim of this study is to test the antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Peganum harmala and Haloxylon salicornicum on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria on various mediums. The results of the study showed that both P. harmala and H. salicornicum inhibited the bacterial growth in two different media. The results were also compared with different common antibiotics used in both human’s and animal’s fields and showed a promising outcome as alternative antibiotics.

关键词： Peganum harmala Haloxylon salicornicum Antibiotics resistance Medicinal Plants Gram-Positive Gram-Negative

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Blockchain-based Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading Method

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2022年第5期8卷 1318-1326页

作者： myles J.Thompson Hongjian Sun Jing Jiang Department of Engineering Durham UniversityDurhamUK Department of Mathematics Physics and Electrical EngineeringNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK

For grid-connected neighbors within communities,blockchain-enabled peer-to-peer energy trading proves to be a coherent approach to trade energy from locally produced and distributed renewable energy *** matching among peers enables enhanced energy efficiency during energy transactions,thereby improving the power quality and preferentially increasing user *** proposed algorithm builds upon work to develop a system of scoring an energy *** employs a McAfee-priced double auction mechanism and assigns the scores based on the preference of factors like price,locality,and the type of energy generation,in addition to the quantity of energy being *** transactions are pre-evaluated by the said algorithm to determine the optimal transactional *** a result,the transaction that is finally executed is the one holding the highest cumulative *** proposed algorithm is simulated over a range of scenarios and tends to boost the user welfare percentile by an average of 75%.From an economic perspective,the algorithm may be implemented in small to large settlements while remaining *** reducing power loss,this energy trading algorithm empowers consumers to save around 25%on their energy costs and offers prosumers a 50%increase in revenue.

关键词： Peer-to-peer energy trading smart grid blockchain matching algorithm renewable energy source

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recent Advancements on Three‑Dimensional Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2022年第5期4卷 959-986页

作者： Yujie Chen Xutao Dong Muhammad Shafiq Gregory myles Norbert radacsi Xiumei Mo Shanghai Engineering research Center of Nano‑Biomaterials and regenerative Medicine State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua UniversitySongjiangShanghai 201600China School of Engineering Institute for Materials and ProcessesThe University of EdinburghKing’s BuildingsEdinburgh EH93FBUnited Kingdom

Electrospinning is widely accepted as a technique for the fabrication of nanofibrous three-dimensional(3D)scaffolds which mimic extracellular matrix(ECM)microenvironment for tissue engineering(TE).Unlike normal densely-packed two-dimensional(2D)nanofibrous membranes,3D electrospun nanofiber scaffolds are dedicated to more precise spatial control,endowing the scaffolds with a sufficient porosity and 3D environment similar to the in vivo settings as well as optimizing the properties,including injectability,compressibility,and ***,the 3D morphology regulates cellular interaction and mediates growth,migration,and differentiation of cell for matrix *** variation among scaffold structures,functions and applications depends on the selection of electrospinning materials and methods as well as on the post-processing of electrospun *** review summarizes the recent new forms for building electrospun 3D nanofiber scaffolds for TE applications.A variety of approaches aimed at the fabrication of 3D electrospun scaffolds,such as multilay-ering electrospinning,sacrificial agent electrospinning,wet electrospinning,ultrasound-enhanced electrospinning as well as post-processing techniques,including gas foaming,ultrasonication,short fiber assembly,3D printing,electrospraying,and so on are discussed,along with their advantages,limitations and ***,the current challenges and prospects of 3D electrospun scaffolds are rationally discussed,providing an insight into developing the vibrant fields of biomedicine.

关键词： Electrospun Nanofibers Three-dimensional Tissue engineering regenerative medicine Scaffold Polymer

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Effect of pelvic fixation on ambulation in children with neuromuscular scoliosis

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第8期13卷 753-759页

作者： Luke Drake Hamdi Sukkarieh Tyler McDonald Eldrin Bhanat Elisa Quince myles Atkins Patrick Wright Jaysson Brooks Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMI 39110United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of South AlabamaMobileAL 36608United States School of Medicine William Carey College of MedicineHattiesburgMI 39401United States School of Medicine Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGE 30310United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery UT-SouthwesternDallasTX 75219United States

BACKGrOUND The effect of posterior spinal fusion(PSF)incorporating the pelvis on an ambulatory patient’s ability to mobilize after the fusion is not well *** To see whether a posterior spinal fusion with pelvic fixation using iliac or sacral alar iliac screws in ambulatory neuromuscular scoliosis(NMS)patients influences postoperative ambulatory *** A retrospective review of all patients with NMS that underwent PSF with fixation incorporating the pelvis between January 1,2012 and February 29,2019.A total of 118 patients were eligible,including 11 ambulatory *** primary outcome was the maintenance of ambulatory status *** outcomes included postoperative curve magnitude,pelvic obliquity,and complications,comprising infections,instrumentation failure,and any unplanned returns to the operative *** The ambulatory function was maintained in all 11 ambulatory NMS *** patient had an improvement in functional status with equipment-free ambulation *** average postoperative follow-up was 19 *** overall complication rate was 19.4%(n=23)with no significant differences between the groups in infection(P=0.365),hardware failure(P=0.505),and reoperation rate(P=1.0).Ambulatory status did not affect complication rate(P=0.967).CONCLUSION Spinal fusion to the pelvis in ambulatory patients with NMS provides effective deformity correction without the reduction in ambulatory capabilities.

关键词： Pelvic fixation Ambulation Neuromuscular scoliosis Pediatrics Posterior spinal fusion Pelvis

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Subtotal colectomy in ulcerative colitis—long term considerations for the rectal stump

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2021年第2期13卷 198-209页

作者： Orla Hennessy Laurence Egan myles Joyce Department of Colorectal Surgery Galway University HospitalGalway H91RR2NIreland Department of Gastroenterology Galway University HospitalGalway H91RR2NIreland

BACKGrOUND The initial operation of choice in many patients presenting as an emergency with ulcerative colitis is a subtotal colectomy with end ileostomy.A percentage of patients do not proceed to completion proctectomy with ileal pouch anal *** To review the existing literature in relation to the significant long-term complications associated with the rectal stump,to provide an overview of options for the surgical management of remnant rectum and anal canal and to form a consolidated guideline on endoscopic screening recommendations in this *** A systematic review was carried out in accordance with PrISMA guidelines for papers containing recommendations for endoscopy surveillance in rectal remnants in ulcerative colitis.A secondary narrative review was carried out exploring the medical and surgical management options for the retained *** For rectal stump surveillance guidelines,20%recommended an interval of 6 mo to a year,50%recommended yearly surveillance 10%recommended 2 yearly surveillance and the remaining 30%recommended risk stratification of patients and different screening intervals based on *** studies agreed surveillance should be carried out via endoscopy and *** vigilance is needed in endoscopy in these *** review revealed a number of options for surgical management of the remnant *** The retained rectal stump needs to be surveyed endoscopically according to risk *** care must be taken to avoid rectal perforation and pelvic sepsis at time of *** completion proctectomy is indicated the authors favour removal of the anal canal using an intersphincteric dissection technique.

关键词： Stump Ulcerative colitis Surveillance Endoscopy rectal Screening

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When the bowel meets the bladder: Optimal management of colorectal pathology with urological involvement

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2020年第5期12卷 208-225页

作者： Conor Keady Daniel Hechtl myles Joyce Department of Colorectal Surgery Galway University HospitalGalway H91 YR71Ireland

Fistulae between the gastrointestinal and urinary systems are rare but becoming increasingly more common in current surgical *** are a heterogeneous group of pathological entities that are uncommon complications of both benign and malignant *** the incidence of complicated diverticular disease and colorectal malignancy increases,so too does the extent of fistulous connections between the gastrointestinal and urinary *** complex problems will be more common as a factor of an aging population with increased life *** disease is the most commonly encountered aetiology,accounting for up to 80%of cases,followed by colorectal malignancy in up to 20%.A high index of suspicion is required in order to make the diagnosis,with ever improving imaging techniques playing an important role in the diagnostic *** strategies vary,with most surgeons now advocating for a single-stage approach to enterovesical fistulae,particularly in the elective *** bladder management techniques are also ***,open techniques were the standard;however,increased experience and advances in surgical technology have contributed to refined and improved laparoscopic ***,due to the relative rarity of these entities,no randomised studies have been performed to ascertain the most appropriate management *** fistulae have dramatically increased in incidence with advances in the non-operative management of prostate *** radiotherapy being a major contributing factor in the development of these complex fistulae,optimum surgical approach and exposure has changed accordingly to optimise their *** management in the form of diversion therapy is effective in temporising the situation and allowing for the diversion of faecal contents if there is associated soiling,macerated tissues or associated *** may plan for definitive surgical intervention

关键词： Colovesical fistula Enterovesical fistula rectourinary fistula Intestinal fistula Diverticular fistula Diverticular disease Laparoscopic surgery Colorectal cancer

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Transcranial direct current stimulation for auditory verbal hallucinations:a systematic review of clinical trials

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Neural regeneration research 2021年第4期16卷 666-671页

作者： Samaneh rashidi myles Jones Eric Murillo-rodriguez Sergio Machado Youguo Hao Ali Yadollahpour Department of Medical Physics School of MedicineAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Department of Psychology University of SheffieldSheffieldUK Laboratorio de Neurociencias Moleculares e Integrativas Escuela de Medicina División Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Anáhuac MayabMéridaYucatánMéxico Laboratory of Physical Activity Neuroscience Physical Activity Sciences Postgraduate ProgramSalgado de Oliveira UniversityNiteróiBrazil Department of rehabilitation Shanghai Putuo People’s HospitalShanghaiChina

Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)has been reportedly beneficial for different neurodegenerative *** has been reported as a potential adjunctive or alternative treatment for auditory verbal hallucination(AVH).This study aims to review the effects of tDCS on AVH in patients with schizophrenia through combining the evidence from randomized clinical trials(rCTs).The databases of PsycINFO(2000–2019),PubMed(2000–2019),EMBASE(2000–2019),CINAHL(2000–2019),Web of Science(2000–2019),and Scopus(2000–2019)were systematically *** clinical trials with rCT design were selected for final analysis.A total of nine rCTs were eligible and included in the *** rCTs were included in the final *** them,six rCTs reported a significant reduction of AVH after repeated sessions of tDCS,whereas three rCTs did not show any advantage of active tDCS over sham *** current studies showed an overall decrease of approximately 28%of AVH after active tDCS and 10%after sham *** tDCS protocols targeting the sensorimotor frontal-parietal network showed greater treatment effects compared with the protocols targeting other *** this regard,cathodal tDCS over the left temporoparietal area showed inhibitory effects on *** most effective tDCS protocol on AVHs was twice-daily sessions(2 mA,20-minute duration)over 5 consecutive days(10 sessions)with the anode over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the cathode over the left temporal *** patient-specific and diseasespecific factors such as young age,nonsmoking status,and higher frequencies of AVHs seemed to be the predictors of treatment *** together,the results of tDCS as an alternative treatment option for AVH show controversy among current literatures,since not all studies were ***,the studies targeting the same site of the brain showed that the tDCS could be a promising treatment option to reduce *** rCTs,with larger sample sizes,should be con

关键词： auditory verbal hallucinations dorsolateral prefrontal cortex effective protocol randomized clinical trial,schizophrenia temporoparietal area transcranial direct current stimulation treatment efficacy

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