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Soil mulching can mitigate soil water defi ciency impacts on rainfed maize production in semiarid environments

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第1期14卷 58-66页

作者： ZHU Lin LIU Jian-liang LUO sha-sha BU Ling-duo CHEN Xin-ping LI Shi-qing State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Northwest A&F University Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Center for Resources Environment and Food SecurityChina Agricultural University

Temporally irregular rainfall distribution and inefficient rainwater management create severe constraints on crop production in rainfed semiarid areas. Gravel and plastic film mulching are effective methods for improving agricultural productivity and water utilization. However, the effects of these mulching practices on soil water supply and plant water use associated with crop yield are not well understood. A 3-yr study was conducted to analyze the occurrence and distribution of dry spells in a semiarid region of Northwest China and to evaluate the effects of non-mulching （CK）, gravel mulching （GM） and plastic film mulching （FM） on the soil water supply, plant water use and maize （Zea mays L.） grain yield. Rainfall analysis showed that dry spells of ≥5 days occurred frequently in each of 3 yr, accounting for 59.9-69.2% of the maize growing periods. The 〉15-d dry spells during the jointing stage would expose maize plants to particularly severe water stress. Compared with the CK treatment, both the GM and FM treatments markedly increased soil water storage during the early growing season. In general, the total evapotranspiration （ET） was not significantly different among the three treatments, but the mulched treatments significantly increased the ratio of pre- to post-silking ET, which was closely associated with yield improvement. As a result, the grain yield significantly increased by 17.1, 70.3 and 16.7% for the GM treatment and by 28.3, 87.6 and 38.2% for the FM treatment in 2010, 2011 and 2012, respectively, compared with the CK treatment. It＇s concluded that both GM and FM are effective strategies for mitigating the impacts of water deficit and improving maize production in semiarid areas. However. FM is more effective than GM.

关键词： semiarid areas plastic film mulching gravel mulching dry spell evapotranspiration maize yield

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Updated roles of the gut microbiota in exploring shrimp etiology, polymicrobial pathogens, and disease incidence

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Zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 910-923页

作者： Jin-Bo Xiong Hao-Nan sha Jiong Chen State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products School of Marine SciencesNingbo UniversityNingboZhejiang 315211China Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of EducationSchool of Marine SciencesNingbo UniversityNingboZhejiang 315211China Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Marine SciencesNingbo UniversityNingboZhejiang 315211China

Litopenaeus vannamei is the most extensively cultured shrimp species globally,recognized for its scale,production,and economic ***,its aquaculture is plagued by frequent disease outbreaks,resulting in rapid and massive *** research often lags behind the emergence of new diseases,leaving the causal agents of some shrimp diseases unidentified and leading to nomenclature based on symptomatic presentations,especially in cases involving co-and polymicrobial *** data on shrimp disease statuses remain *** this review,we summarize current knowledge on shrimp diseases and their effects on the gut ***,we also propose a workflow integrating primary colonizers,“driver”taxa in gut networks from healthy to diseased states,disease-discriminatory taxa,and virulence genes to identify potential polymicrobial *** examine both abiotic and biotic factors(e.g.,external and internal sources and specific-disease effects)that influence shrimp gut microbiota,with an emphasis on the“holobiome”concept and common features of gut microbiota response to diverse *** excluding the effects of confounding factors,we provide a diagnosis model for quantitatively predicting shrimp disease incidence using disease common-discriminatory taxa,irrespective of the causal *** to the conservation of functional genes used in designing specific primers,we propose a practical strategy applying qPCR-assayed abundances of disease common-discriminatory functional *** review updates the roles of the gut microbiota in exploring shrimp etiology,polymicrobial pathogens,and disease incidence,offering a refined perspective for advancing shrimp aquaculture health management.

关键词： Shrimp disease Gut microbiota Polymicrobial pathogens Diagnosis model Disease common-discriminatory taxa Disease prediction

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Novel Lightweight and Protective Battery System Based on Mechanical Metamaterials

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2021年第6期34卷 862-871页

作者： Yao Huang Weihua Guo Jiao Jia Lubing Wang sha Yin Vehicle Energy and Safety Laboratory(VESL) Department of Automotive EngineeringSchool of Transportation Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing100191China Institute of Unmanned System Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China Key Laboratory Impact and Safety Engineering Ministry of Education and Department of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceFaculty of Mechanical Engineering and MechanicsNingbo UniversityNingbo315211ZhejiangChina

The challenges facing electric vehicles with respect to driving range and safety make the design of a lightweight and safe battery pack a critical *** study proposes a multifunctional structural battery system comprising cylindrical battery cells and a surrounding lightweight lattice *** lattice density distribution was optimized via topological optimization to minimize stress on the battery during *** a single 18650 cylindrical battery cell,non-uniform lattices were designed featuring areas of increased density in an X-shaped pattern and then fabricated by additive manufacturing using stainless steel *** testing of the assembled structural battery system revealed that the stronger lattice units in the X-shaped lattice pattern resisted deformation and helped delay the emergence of a battery short ***,the short circuit of the structural battery based on a variable-density patterned lattice was∼166%later than that with a uniform-density *** element simulation results for structural battery systems comprising nine battery cells indicate that superior battery protection is achieved in specially packed batteries via non-uniform lattices with an interconnected network of stronger *** proposed structural battery systems featuring non-uniform lattices will shed light on the next generation of lightweight and impact-resistant electric vehicle designs.

关键词： Lightweight Lattices Metamaterials Structural battery Battery safety Internal short circuit

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Nomograms predicting long-term survival in patients with invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas: A population-based study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第5期26卷 535-549页

作者： Jia-Yuan Wu Yu-Feng Wang Huan Ma sha-sha Li Hui-Lai Miao Department of Clinical Research the Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiang 524001Guangdong ProvinceChina School of Public Health Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiang 524023Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery the Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiang 524001Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiang 524003Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND There are few effective tools to predict survival in patients with invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the *** To develop comprehensive nomograms to individually estimate the survival outcome of patients with invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the *** Data of 1219 patients with invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms after resection were extracted from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results database,and randomly divided into the training(n=853)and the validation(n=366)*** on the Cox regression model,nomograms were constructed to predict overall survival and cancer-specific survival for an individual *** performance of the nomograms was measured according to discrimination,calibration,and clinical ***,we compared the predictive accuracy of the nomograms with that of the traditional staging *** In the training cohort,age,marital status,histological type,T stage,N stage,M stage,and chemotherapy were selected to construct *** with the American Joint Committee on Cancer 7th staging system,the nomograms were generally more *** nomograms passed the calibration steps by showing high consistency between actual probability and nomogram *** net classification improvements and integrated discrimination improvements suggested that the predictive accuracy of the nomograms exceeded that of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging *** respect to decision curve analyses,the nomograms exhibited more preferable net benefit gains than the staging system across a wide range of threshold *** The nomograms show improved predictive accuracy,discrimination capability,and clinical utility,which can be used as reliable tools for risk classification and treatment recommendations.

关键词： Invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm Pancreas Nomogram Overall survival Cancer-specific survival Surgical resection

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Parametric identification of time-varying systems from free vibration using intrinsic chirp component decomposition

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2020年第1期36卷 188-205页

作者： sha Wei Shiqian Chen Xingjian Dong Zhike Peng Wenming Zhang School of Mechanics and Engineering Science Shanghai UniversityShanghai200072China shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics Shanghai UniversityShanghai200072China shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai200072China State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China

Time-varying systems are applied extensively in practical applications,and their related parameter identification techniques are of great significance for structural health monitoring of time-varying *** improve the identification accuracy for time-varying systems,this study puts forward a novel parameter identification approach in the time-frequency domain using intrinsic chirp component decomposition(ICCD).ICCD is a powerful tool for signal decomposition and parameter extraction,with good signal reconstruction capability in a high-noise *** maintain good identification effects for the time-varying system in a noisy environment,the proposed method introduces a redundant Fourier model for the non-stationary signal,including instantaneous frequency(IF)and instantaneous amplitude(IA).The accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed approach are demonstrated by a single-degree-of-freedom system with three types of time-varying parameters,as well as an example of a multi-degree-of-freedom *** effects of different levels of measured noise on the identified results are also discussed in *** results show that the proposed method is very effective in tracking the smooth,periodical,and non-smooth variations of time-varying systems over the entire identification time period even when the response signal is contaminated by intense noise.

关键词： System identification Time-varying system Time-frequency domain Intrinsic chirp component decomposition

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AMPK controls sucrose taste sensitization in Drosophila

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2023年第1期50卷 50-53页

作者： Yun Hu Zhi-Ying Liu sha-sha Li An-Qi Li Qiao-Ping Wang Lab of Metabolism and Aging School of Pharmaceutical Sciences(Shenzhen)Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong 518107China

Sweet taste perception is critical for animals and *** an evolutionary perspective,sweet taste plays a key role in identifying carbohydrates *** taste perception in mammals is not fixed but is plasticity in the context of diets(Maliphol et al.,2013;Bartolotto,2015;Wise et al.,2016).However,so far it remains incomplete clear how diets affect sweet taste sensitivity.

关键词： Sweet taste incomplete

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Effects of sludge characteristics on electrical resistance and energy consumption during electro-dewatering process

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第3期33卷 339-350页

作者： Li sha Xiaoyan Yu Zhangxiang Wu Xingxin Liu Shuting Zhang School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300354China School of Environmental and Safety Engineering Taiyuan Institute of TechnologyTaiyuan 030008China

The increase of electrical resistance(ER)and energy consumption(EC)during the later stage of dewatering is a major problem hindering the development of electro-dewatering(EDW)*** the variations of sludge characteristics are significant during the EDW process,the relationships between sludge characteristics and ER and EC during EDW remain *** this study,the effects of moisture content(MC),thickness,pH,conductivity,zeta potential,temperature,and gas volume on the ER and EC during the EDW process were statistically investigated using correlation and multiple linear regression ***,the results showed that the ER of the sludge near the anode was primarily affected by pH,whereas the sludge near the cathode was primarily affected by the MC and ***,sludge temperature and conductivity were the most reliable indicators to predict the EC near the anode and cathode,*** results of this study provide theoretical guidance useful for solving the increase of ER and EC during the later stage of the EDW process.

关键词： Sludge Electro-dewatering Electrical resistance Energy consumption Multiple linear regression

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Ultrasonic scalpel based on fusiform phononic crystal structure

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第10期33卷 302-310页

作者： sha Wang Junjie shan Shuyu Lin Ocean College Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212100China shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics School of Physics and Information TechnologyShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures School of PhysicsCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

In response to the ultrasonic scalpels with the vibrational modal coupling which leads to a decrease in efficiency,an ultrasonic scalpel based on fusiform phononic crystals(PnCs)is *** accurate theoretical model is constructed,which is mainly composed of electromechanical equivalent circuit models to analyze the frequency response function and the frequency response curves of the *** band gaps exist in the fusiform PnCs owing to the periodic constraint,which can suppress the corresponding vibrational *** vibration characteristics(vibration mode,frequency,and displacement distribution)of the ultrasonic scalpel are analyzed,and the validity of the electromechanical equivalent circuit method is *** results indicate that other vibration modes near the working frequency can be *** addition,blades based on fusiform PnCs have a function akin to that of the horn,which enables displacement amplification.

关键词： phononic crystals ultrasonic scalpel bandgap vibration characteristics

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Genesis of the Maoling gold deposit in the Liaodong Peninsula:Constraints from a combined fluid inclusion,C-H-O-S-Pb-He-Ar isotopic and geochronological studies

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第4期13卷 11-33页

作者： Peng Zhang Linlin Kou Yan Zhao Deming sha Shenyang Geological Survey Center China Geological SurveyShenyang 110034China

The large tonnage Maoling gold deposit(25 t@3.2 g/t)is located in the southwest Liaodong Peninsula,North China *** deposit is hosted in the Paleoproterozoic metamorphic *** stages of mineralization were identified in the deposit:(stageⅠ)quartz-arsenopyrite±pyrite,(stageⅡ)quartz-goldarsenopyrite-pyrrhotite,(stageⅢ)quartz-gold-polymetallic sulfide,and(stageⅣ)*** this paper,we present fluid inclusion,C-H-O-S-Pb-He-Ar isotope data,zircon U-Pb,and gold-bearing sulfide(*** and pyrrhotite)Rb-Sr age of the Maoling gold deposit to constrain its genesis and ore-forming *** types of fluid inclusions were distinguished in quartzbearing veins,including liquid-rich two-phase(WL type),gas-rich two-phase(GL type),and daughter mineral-bearing fluid inclusions(S type).Fluid inclusions data show that the homogenization at temperatures 197 to 372°C for stageⅠ,126 to 319°C for stageⅡ,119 to 189°C for stageⅢ,and 115 to 183°C for stageⅣ,with corresponding salinities of 3.7 to 22.6 wt.%,4.7 to 23.2 wt.%,5.3 to 23.2 wt.%,and 1.7 to14.9 wt.%Na Cl equiv.,*** boiling was the critical factor controlling the gold and associated sulfide precipitation at *** and oxygen stable isotopic analyses for quartz yielded δ^(18)O=-5.0‰ to 9.8‰ and δD=-133.5‰ to-77.0‰.Carbon stable isotopic analyses for calcite and ankerite yielded δ^(13)C=-2.3‰to-1.2‰ and O=7.9‰ to 14.1‰.The C-H-O isotope data show that the oreforming fluids were originated from magmatic water with meteoric water input during *** inclusions in arsenopyrite have ^(3)He/^(4)He ratios of 0.002 Ra to 0.054 Ra,and ^(40)Ar/^(36)Ar rations of 1225 to 3930,indicating that the ore-forming fluids were dominantly derived from crustal sources almost no mantle *** isotopic values of Maoling fine-grained granite range from6.‰1 to 9.8‰,with a mean of 7.7‰,δ^(34)S values of arsenopyrite from the mineralized phyllite(host rock)range fr

关键词： Geochronology Fluid inclusions Isotope geochemistry Maoling gold deposit Liaodong Peninsula

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Quantification of the openness of urban external space through urban section

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2020年第4期23卷 316-326页

作者： Ziyu Tong Huawu Yang Chen Liu Tingting Xu sha Xu School of Architecture and Urban Planning Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina

For the urban built environment,the shape characteristics of the external space are of decisive ***,what is commonly referred to as open space is more of a definition of social ***,in the research on urban environments,especially in urban micro-climate,the study of a microclimate’s correlation with open space easily produces *** identification of the openness of an external space based on a direct quantitative description is an important prerequisite for the cognitive urban *** this study,based on the height-to-width ratio(HWR)of different directional sections of external space,areas with high openness in an urban space are extracted by the threshold *** the case analysis of different areas in Nanjing,China,the results showed that the method is effective and *** results of the analysis can also be used more widely in the urban design and research.

关键词： Urban external space urban section openness height-towidth ratio

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