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Gut microbiome colonization and development in neonatal ruminants: strategies, prospects, and opportunities

Animal Nutrition 2021年第3期7卷 883-895页

作者： muhammad A.Arshad Faiz-ul Hassan muhammad s.rehman sharon A.Huws Yanfen Cheng Ahmad U.Din Institute of Animal and Dairy sciences Faculty of Animal HusbandryUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabad38040Pakistan Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology National Center for International Research on Animal Gut NutritionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China Key Laboratory of Buffalo Genetics Breeding and Reproduction TechnologyMinistry of Agriculture and Guangxi Buffalo Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanning530001China school of Biological sciences Institute for Global Food SecurityQueen's University of BelfastBelfastBT95DLGB-NIRUK Drug Discovery Research Center Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou646000China

Colonization and development of the gut microbiome is a crucial consideration for optimizing the health and performance of livestock animals. This is mainly attributed to the fact that dietary and management practices greatly influence the gut microbiota, subsequently leading to changes in nutrient utilization and immune response. A favorable microbiome can be implanted through dietary or management in-terventions of livestock animals, especially during early life. In this review, we explore all the possible factors (for example gestation, colostrum, and milk feeding, drinking water, starter feed, inoculation from healthy animals, prebiotics/probiotics, weaning time, essential oil and transgenesis), which can influence rumen microbiome colonization and development. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of potential strategies used to manipulate gut development and microbial colonization to improve the production and health of newborn calves at an early age when they are most susceptible to enteric disease. Moreover, we provide insights into possible interventions and their potential effects on rumen development and microbiota establishment. Prospects of latest techniques like transgenesis and host genetics have also been discussed regarding their potential role in modulation of rumen microbiome and subsequent effects on gut development and performance in neonatal ruminants.

关键词： Gut development Microbial colonization Rumen microbiota Health Performance

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Prospects of HsP70 as a genetic marker for thermo-tolerance and immuno-modulation in animals under climate change scenario

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Animal Nutrition 2019年第4期5卷 340-350页

作者： Faiz-ul Hassan Ayesha Nawaz muhammad s.rehman muhammad A.Ali syed M.R.Dilshad Chengjian Yang Key Laboratory of Buffalo Genetics Breeding and Reproduction TechnologyMinistry of Agriculture and Guangxi Buffalo Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanning530001China Institute of Animal and Dairy sciences University of AgricultureFaisalabad38040Pakistan Department of Zoology Wildlife and Fisheries University of AgricultureFaisalabad38040Pakistan Faculty of Veterinary sciences Bahauddin Zakriya UniversityMultanPakistan Faculty of Veterinary and Animal sciences Gomal UniversityDera Ismail Khan29050Pakistan

Heat stress induced by long periods of high ambient temperature decreases animal productivity,leading to heavy economic *** devastating situation for livestock production is even becoming worse under the present climate change *** focused to breed animals with better thermotolerance and climatic resilience are keenly sought these days to mitigate impacts of heat stress especially in high input livestock production *** 70-kDa heat shock proteins(HsP70) are a protein family known for its potential role in thermo-tolerance and widely considered as cellular ***70 function as molecular chaperons and have major roles in cellular thermotolerance,apoptosis,immune-modulation and heat *** of HsP70 is controlled by various factors such as,intracellular pH,cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cyclic AMP),protein kinase C and intracellular free calcium,*** expression of HsP70 has been observed under oxidative stress leading to scavenging of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and protection of pulmonary endothelial barrier against bacterial *** in flanking and promoter regions in HsP70 gene have shown association with heat tolerance,weaning weight,milk production,fertility and disease susceptibility in *** review provides insight into pivotal roles of HsP70 which make it an ideal candidate genetic marker for selection of animals with better climate resilience,immune response and superior performance.

关键词： HsP70 Heat stress Thermo-tolerance Molecular chaperons Immunity Livestock

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An integrated land change modeler and distributed hydrological model approach for quantifying future urban runoff dynamics

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science China Earth sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3288-3301页

作者： Asad Hussain muhammad Waseem muhammad Ajmal muhammad Atiq Ur rehman Tariq muhammad Jiaqing XIAO Tao YANG Pengfei sHI Institute for Disaster Risk Management School of Geographical ScienceNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Hydrology and Water Resources Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Centre of Excellence in Water Resources Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore 54890Pakistan Department of Agricultural Engineering Faculty of CivilAgricultural and Mining EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawar 25120Pakistan

Climate and land use changes have a significant impact on the runoff generation process in urban environments, and these effects could get worse in the future. The combined contributions of these changes have increased the risk of ***, there is a need for integrated modeling to better understand the runoff variability, especially in small urban catchments. To quantify and separate the effects of land-use changes and climate change on the hydrological response of urban catchments with a distributed hydrological model(storm Water Management Model, sWMM), this study introduces a new integrated approach based on the Machine Learning based land use change modeler and climate change scenarios under *** on supervised classification and land use change model analysis, accumulated impervious area increase from 22%(in2023) to 33%(in 2060) was observed in the study area. Furthermore, integrating this projected increase in imperviousness with future climate change into sWMM by considering three different scenarios i.e., s1(Climate Change), s2(Combined Land Use and Climate Change), and s3(Land use Change) resulted that climate change could cause an increase in runoff from 13.2% to18.3% in peak runoff and the contribution of land use could range from 9.1% to 18.6%. similarly, in response to the coupled effects of climate and land-use change, the runoff would likely change from 24.53% to 39.66%. Conclusively, the study showed that despite climate change, intensive urban development by the substitution of impervious surfaces could also have a severe impact on the microclimate and hydrology of small catchments. Lastly, this study could provide a way forward for the future planning and management of water resources in small catchments which could be extended to larger catchments.

关键词： Climate change Land-use modeling Runoff simulation Percent Imperviousness Terrset

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Artificial Intelligence Based Meteorological Parameter Forecasting for Optimizing Response of Nuclear Emergency Decision support system

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原子能科学技术 2024年第10期58卷 2068-2076页

作者： BILAL Ahmed Khan HAsEEB ur rehman QAIsAR Nadeem muhammad Ahmad Naveed Qureshi JAWARIA Ahad muhammad Naveed Akhtar AMJAD Farooq MAsROOR Ahmad Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied sciences Islamabad 44000Pakistan

This paper presents a novel artificial intelligence (AI) based approach to predict crucial meteorological parameters such as temperature,pressure,and wind speed,typically calculated from computationally intensive weather research and forecasting (WRF) *** meteorological data is indispensable for simulating the release of radioactive effluents,especially in dispersion modeling for nuclear emergency decision support *** of meteorological conditions during nuclear emergencies using the conventional WRF model is very complex and ***,a new artificial neural network (ANN) based technique was proposed as a viable alternative for meteorological prediction.A multi-input multi-output neural network was trained using historical site-specific meteorological data to forecast the meteorological *** evaluation of this technique was conducted to test its performance in forecasting various parameters including atmospheric pressure,temperature,and wind speed components in both East-West and North-south *** performance of developed network was evaluated on an unknown dataset,and acquired results are within the acceptable range for all meteorological *** show that ANNs possess the capability to forecast meteorological parameters,such as temperature and pressure,at multiple spatial locations within a grid with high accuracy,utilizing input data from a single ***,accuracy is slightly compromised when predicting wind speed *** mean square error (RMsE) was utilized to report the accuracy of predicted results,with values of 1.453℃for temperature,77 Pa for predicted pressure,1.058 m/s for the wind speed of U-component and 0.959 m/s for the wind speed of *** conclusion,this approach offers a precise,efficient,and wellinformed method for administrative decision-making during nuclear emergencies.

关键词： prediction of meteorological parameters weather research and forecasting model artificial neural networks nuclear emergency support system

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Assessing forest cover changes and fragmentation in the Himalayan temperate region: implications for forest conservation and management

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 128-141页

作者： Kaleem Mehmood shoaib Ahmad Anees Akhtar rehman Aqil Tariq Qijing Liu sultan muhammad Fazli Rabbi shao’an Pan Wesam Atef Hatamleh College of Forestry Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Institute of Agriculture sciences and Forestry University of SwatSwatPakistan Department of Forestry The University of AgricultureDera Ismail Khan 29050Pakistan Key Laboratory for silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Forestry Forestry CollegeBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China school of Environmental studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China Department of Wildlife Fisheries and AquacultureCollege of Forest ResourcesMississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMS 39762‑9690USA school of Management Tianjin University of CommerceTianjin 300134People’s Republic of China Department of Computer science College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 5117811543 RiyadhSaudi Arabia

This study comprehensively assessed long-term vegetation changes and forest fragmentation dynamics in the Himalayan temperate region of Pakistan from 1989 to *** satellite images,including Landsat-5 TM and Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager(OLI),were chosen for subsequent assessments in October 1989,2001,2011 and *** classified maps of 1989,2001,2011 and 2019 were created using the maximum likelihood ***-classification comparison showed an overall accuracy of 82.5%and a Kappa coefficient of 0.79 for the 2019 *** revealed a drastic decrease in closed-canopy and open-canopy forests by 117.4 and 271.6 km^(2),respectively,and an increase in agriculture/farm cultivation by 1512.8 km^(2).The two-way ANOVA test showed statistically significant differences in the area of various cover *** fragmentation was evaluated using the Landscape Fragmentation Tool(LFT v2.0)between 1989 and *** large forest core(>2.00 km^(2))decreased from 149.4 to 296.7 km^(2),and a similar pattern was observed in medium forest core(1.00-2.00 km^(2))*** the contrary,the small core(st increased from 124.8 to 145.3 km^(2) in *** perforation area increased by 296.9 km^(2),and the edge effect decreased from 458.9 to 431.7 km^(2).The frequency of patches also increased by 119.1 km^(2).The closed and open canopy classes showed a decreasing trend with an annual rate of 0.58%and 1.35%,*** broad implications of these findings can be seen in the studied region as well as other global ecological *** serve as an imperative baseline for afforestation and reforestation operations,highlighting the urgent need for efficient management,conservation,and restoration *** on these findings,sustainable land-use policies may be put into place that support local livelihoods,protect ecosystem services,and conserve biodiversity.

关键词： Natural catastrophes Landsat Change detection Forest fragmentation Landscape fragmentation tool(LFT) Afforestation Reforestation

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Roles of Mutant TP53 Gene in Cancer Development and Progression

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第5期8卷 165-181页

作者： muhammad Abubakar Baqaur rehman Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad Capital Territory 45550Pakistan

TP53 is a tumor suppressor gene that is mutated in most cancer types and has been extensively studied in cancer research.p53 plays a critical role in regulating the expression of target genes and is involved in key processes such as apoptosis,cell cycle regulation,and genomic stability,earning it the title“guardian of the genome.”Numerous studies have demonstrated p53’s influence on and regulation of autophagy,ferroptosis,the tumor microenvironment,and cell metabolism,all of which contribute to tumor *** in p53,specifically mutant p53(mutp53),not only impair its tumor-suppressing functions but also enhance oncogenic *** data indicate that mutp53 is strongly associated with poor prognosis and advanced cancers,making it an ideal target for the development of novel cancer *** review summarizes the post-translational modifications of p53,the mechanisms of mutp53 accumulation,and its gain-of-function,based on previous ***,this review discusses its impact on metabolic homeostasis,ferroptosis,genomic instability,the tumor microenvironment,and cancer stem cells,and highlights recent advancements in mutp53 research.

关键词： p53 Cancer Mutant p53(mutp53) Progression Treatment

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A Review of Rechargeable Zinc-Air Batteries:Recent Progress and Future Perspectives

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第7期16卷 358-401页

作者： Ghazanfar Nazir Adeela rehman Jong-Hoon Lee Choong-Hee Kim Jagadis Gautam Kwang Heo sajjad Hussain muhammad Ikram Abeer AAlObaid seul-Yi Lee soo-Jin Park Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering Hybrid Materials Research Center(HMC)Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei University50 Yonsei-RoSeodaemun-GuSeoul 03722Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Republic of Korea solar Cell Applications Research Lab Department of PhysicsGovernment College University LahoreLahore 54000 PunjabPakistan Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

Zinc-air batteries(ZABs)are gaining attention as an ideal option for various applications requiring high-capacity batteries,such as portable electronics,electric vehicles,and renewable energy *** offer advantages such as low environmental impact,enhanced safety compared to Li-ion batteries,and cost-effectiveness due to the abundance of ***,early research faced challenges due to parasitic reactions at the zinc anode and slow oxygen redox *** advancements in restructuring the anode,utilizing alternative electrolytes,and developing bifunctional oxygen catalysts have significantly improved *** have achieved battery reversibility over thousands of cycles,introduced new electrolytes,and achieved energy efficiency records surpassing 70%.Despite these achievements,there are challenges related to lower power density,shorter lifespan,and air electrode corrosion leading to performance *** review paper discusses different battery configurations,and reaction mechanisms for electrically and mechanically rechargeable ZABs,and proposes remedies to enhance overall battery *** paper also explores recent advancements,applications,and the future prospects of electrically/mechanically rechargeable ZABs.

关键词： Zinc-air batteries Energy storage Affordability Reversibility

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Probing the Efficiency of PPMG-Based Composite Electrolytes for Applications of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第3期30卷 262-283页

作者： shakeel Ahmed Faizah Altaf safyan Akram Khan sumaira Manzoor Aziz Ahmad muhammad Mansha shahid Ali Ata-ur-rehman Karl Jacob school of Material science and Engineering Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nano-Photoelectric Magnetic MaterialsHenan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450001China Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals31261 DhahranSaudi Arabia school of Materials science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

PPMG-based composite electrolytes were fabricated via the solution method using the polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone blend reinforced with various contents of sulfonated inorganic *** acid was employed as the sulfonating agent to functionalize the external surface of the inorganic filler,i.e.,graphene *** proton conductivities of the newly prepared proton exchange membranes(PEMs)were increased by increasing the temperature and content of sulfonated graphene oxide(sGO),i.e.,ranging from 0.025 s/cm to 0.060 s/*** induction of the optimum level of sGO is determined to be an excellent route to enhance ionic *** single-cell performance test was conducted by sandwiching the newly prepared PEMs between an anode(0.2 mg/cm^(2) Pt/Ru)and a cathode(0.2 mg/cm^(2) Pt)to prepare membrane electrode assemblies,followed by hot pressing under a pressure of approximately 100 kg/cm^(2) at 60℃for 5–10 *** highest power densities achieved with PPMG PEMs were 14.9 and 35.60 mW/cm^(2) at 25℃and 70℃,respectively,at ambient pressure with 100%relative *** showed that the newly prepared PEMs exhibit good electrochemical *** results indicated that the prepared composite membrane with 6 wt%filler can be used as an alternative membrane for applications of high-performance proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

关键词： Proton exchange membrane fuel cell sulfonated graphene oxide Polyvinylpyrrolidone solution casting Membrane electrode assembly Fuel cell performance

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Facile synthesis of samarium and cerium doped double perovskite cobaltite with enhanced dielectric response

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1317-1327,I0005页

作者： Yasir Abbas M.Kamran M.Anis-ur-rehman Applied Thermal Physics Laboratory Department of PhysicsCOMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad 45550Pakistan

The investigation of sm-Ce doping on structure,conduction,and dielectric response of Bi_(2)Ca_(2-2x)sm_(x)CexCoO_(6)(x=0.000,0.025,0.050,0.075)(BCsCCO)are *** the specimens were synthesized by a facile synthesis technique named the co-precipitation route.X-ray diffraction(XRD)reveals that BCsCCO crystallizes into one phase with space group P21/*** crystallite size,dislocation density,lattice parameters,lattice strain,unit cell volume,and bulk density were determined using XRD *** structural properties of Bi_(2)Ca_(2)CoO_(6)were examined using calculations based on the density functional *** and experimental values discrepancy is less than 1%.A scanning electron microscope was used for performing a microstructural *** sEM images demonstrate the homogeneous distribution of grains with a range of sizes(0.054-0.090μm).The alternating current(ac)conductivity,dielectric permittivity,and tangent loss were also studied as a function of frequency(20 Hz-3 MHz)at different temperatures(100-500℃).All synthesized samples were examined using non-linear Debye's function to determine their spreading factor and relaxation *** specimen with the lowest crystallite size(∼23 nm)exhibits a high dielectric permittivity(∼3.80×10^(6)).The conduction mechanism was examined in the studied samples with the use of Jonscher's power *** power law indicates that the BCsCCO(x=0.000,0.025)follows correlated barrier hopping,whereas the x=0.050 and 0.075 compositions follow non-overlapping polaron *** studied specimen Bi_(2)Ca_(1.9)0sm_(0.05)0Ce_(0.05)_(0)CoO_(6)with the highest density(∼5.65 g/cm^(3))displays a high electrical conductivity(∼46.1 s/cm).These findings correspond to those published for ceramics made from calcium cobaltite using solid-state reactions(5.0-26.0 s/cm).

关键词： Bismuth calcium samarium cerium cobaltite (BCsCCO) spreading factor Conduction mechanism Rare earths

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stem Cells and Exosomes-associated Therapeutic Applications

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第6期8卷 232-246页

作者： Usama Ahmed muhammad Abubakar Rooma Ayyoub Baqaur rehman Department of Medicine School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen 518060China Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadPark RdIslamabad Capital Territory 45550Pakistan

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with sizes from 30 to 150 nm in diameter and modulate the transport of multiple intracellular biological molecules including proteins,nucleic acids,lipids,and *** regulate a large number of cells and are involved in different pathological and physiological activities including carcinogenesis,viral infection,cell-cell communication and immune responses as *** cell-derived exosomes carry many benefits over simple stem cells in the form of easy access,freedom from tumourigenic capabilities,non-infusion toxicity,effortless preservation,and *** have almost the same properties and perform functions effectively in the same way as their parental cells do like adult stem cells and embryonic stem *** to their pluripotent or multipotent abilities,stem cells(sCs)transform into several types of *** addition to other secretions,sC also give exosomes,which in turn shows therapeutic significance for many disorders,including cancer,diabetes mellitus,skin allergies and regenerative *** originating from mesenchymal stem cells(MsCs)have miRNAs,lipids,and proteins that trigger diabetes and cancer situations in *** from sCs(sc-exos)are preferred to sC as there are fewer side effects and other challenges,including effectiveness,drug delivery,lower immunogenicity and *** the current review,we summarize the data from the last 5 years'articles about exosomes and stem cell-derived microvesicles for the therapeutic potential of various diseases such as cancer,Alzheimer's disease,diabetes,and Parkinson's disease with clinical challenges and future aspects.

关键词： stem cells Exosomes Therapeutic Cancer Parkinson Diabetes

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