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Advances and challenges of methanol-tolerant oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysts for the direct methanol fuel cell

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第2期77卷 499-513,I0013页

作者： muhammad Aizaz Ud Din muhammad Idrees Sidra Jamil Syed irfan Ghazanfar Nazir muhammad Ahmad Mudassir muhammad Shahrukh Saleem Saima Batool Nanpu Cheng Rahman Saidur School of Materials and Energy Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Additive Manufacturing Institute College of Mechatronics and Control EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060GuangdongChina Chongqing Key Lab for Advanced Materials and Clean Energies of Technologies School of Materials and EnergySouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China School of Materials Science and Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808GuangdongChina Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan 64200Pakistan Laboratory for High Performance Ceramics EmpaSwiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology8600 DübendorfSwitzerland Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060GuangdongChina Research Centre for Nano-Materials and Energy Technology School of Engineering and TechnologySunway UniversityBandar SunwayMalaysia Department of Engineering Lancaster UniversityLancasterUnited Kingdom

Methanol cross-over effects from the anode to the cathode are important parameters for reducing catalytic performance in direct methanol fuel cells.A promising candidate catalyst for the cathode in direct methanol fuel cells must have excellent activity toward oxygen reduction reaction and resistance to methanol oxidation *** review focuses on the methanol tolerant noble metal-based electrocatalysts,including platinum and palladium-based alloys,noble metal–carbon based composites,transition metal-based catalysts,carbon-based metal catalysts,and metal-free *** understanding of the correlation between the activity and the synthesis method,electrolyte environment and stability issues are *** the transition metal-based catalyst,their activity,stability and methanol tolerance in direct methanol fuel cells and comparisons with those of platinum are particularly ***,strategies to enhance the methanol tolerance and hinder the generation of mixed potential in direct methanol fuel cells are also *** review provides a perspective for future developments for the scientist in selecting suitable methanol tolerate catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction and designing high-performance practical direct methanol fuel cells.

关键词： Oxygen reducing reaction Methanol tolerant electrocatalyst Portable power sources Direct methanol Fuel cell

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Electroencephalography (EEG) Based Neonatal Sleep Staging and Detection Using Various Classification Algorithms

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第11期77卷 1759-1778页

作者： Hafza Ayesha Siddiqa muhammad irfan Saadullah Farooq Abbasi Wei Chen Center for Intelligent Medical Electronics Department of Electronic EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai200433China Department of Biomedical Engineering Riphah International UniversityIslamabad45320Pakistan

Automatic sleep staging of neonates is essential for monitoring their brain development and maturity of the nervous *** based neonatal sleep staging provides valuable information about an infant’s growth and health,but is challenging due to the unique characteristics of EEG and lack of standardized *** study aims to develop and compare 18 machine learning models using Automated Machine Learning(autoML)technique for accurate and reliable multi-channel EEG-based neonatal sleep-wake *** study investigates autoML feasibility without extensive manual selection of features or hyperparameter *** data is obtained from neonates at post-menstrual age 37±05 weeks.352530-s EEG segments from 19 infants are used to train and test the proposed *** are twelve time and frequency domain features extracted from each *** model receives the common features of nine channels as an input vector of size *** model’s performance was evaluated based on a variety of evaluation *** maximum mean accuracy of 84.78%and kappa of 69.63%has been obtained by the AutoML-based Random Forest *** is the highest accuracy for EEG-based sleep-wake classification,until ***,for the AutoML-based Adaboost Random Forest model,accuracy and kappa were 84.59%and 69.24%,*** performance achieved in the proposed autoML-based approach can facilitate early identification and treatment of sleep-related issues in neonates.

关键词： AutoML Random Forest adaboost EEG neonates PSG hyperparameter tuning sleep-wake classification

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The effective transfection of a low dose of negatively charged drug-loaded DNA-nanocarriers into cancer cells via scavenger receptors

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2021年第2期11卷 174-182页

作者： Mirza muhammad Faran ashraf Baig Chengfei Zhang muhammad Furqan Akhtar Ammara Saleem Jahanzeb Mudassir Laboratory of Biomedical&Pharmaceutical Engineering of Stem Cells Research Restorative Dental SciencesFaculty of DentistryThe University of Hong Kong999077Hong KongPR China State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing210023PR China Faculty of Pharmacy Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Riphah International UniversityLahorePakistan Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan

DNA-nanotechnology-based nano-architecture scaffolds based on circular strands were designed in the form of DNA-nanowires(DNA-NWs) as a polymer of DNA-triangles. Circularizing a scaffold strand(84-NT) was the critical step followed by annealing with various staple strands to make stiff DNAtriangles. Atomic force microcopy(AFM), native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE), UVanalysis, MTT-assay, flow cytometry, and confocal imaging were performed to assess the formulated DNA-NWs and cisplatin(CPT) loading. The AFM and confocal microscopy images revealed a uniform shape and size distribution of the DNA-NWs, with lengths ranging from 2 to 4 mm and diameters ranging from 150 to 300 nm. One sharp band at the top of the lane(500 bp level) with the loss of electrophoretic mobility during the PAGE(native) gel analysis revealed the successful fabrication of DNA-NWs. The loading efficiency of CPT ranged from 66.85% to 97.35%. MTT and flow cytometry results showed biocompatibility of the blank DNA-NWs even at 95% concentration compared with the CPT-loaded DNANWs. The CPT-loaded DNA-NWs exhibited enhanced apoptosis(22%) compared to the apoptosis(7%)induced by the blank DNA-NWs. The release of CPT from the DNA-NWs was sustained at < 75% for 6 h in the presence of serum, demonstrating suitability for systemic applications. The IC_(50) of CPT@DNA-NWs was reduced to 12.8 nM CPT, as compared with the free CPT solution exhibiting an IC_(50) of 51.2 n *** imaging revealed the targetability, surface binding, and slow internalization of the DNA-NWs in the scavenger-receptor-rich cancer cell line(HepG2) compared with the control cell line.

关键词： Cisplatin(CPT) DNA-nanowires(DNA-NWs) HepG2 resistant cancer cells Scavenger receptors

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Gastrointestinal Diseases Classification Using Deep Transfer Learning and Features Optimization

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 2227-2245页

作者： Mousa Alhajlah muhammad Nouman Noor muhammad Nazir Awais Mahmood Imran ashraf Tehmina Karamat College of Applied Computer Science King Saud University(Almuzahmiyah Campus)Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science HITEC UniversityTaxila47080Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering HITEC UniversityTaxila47080Pakistan Department of Software Engineering Foundation University IslamabadIslamabad44000Pakistan

Gastrointestinal diseases like ulcers, polyps’, and bleeding areincreasing rapidly in the world over the last decade. On average 0.7 millioncases are reported worldwide every year. The main cause of gastrointestinaldiseases is a Helicobacter Pylori (H. Pylori) bacterium that presents in morethan 50% of people around the globe. Many researchers have proposeddifferent methods for gastrointestinal disease using computer vision *** of them focused on the detection process and the rest of themperformed classification. The major challenges that they faced are the similarityof infected and healthy regions that misleads the correct classificationaccuracy. In this work, we proposed a technique based on Mask Recurrent-Convolutional Neural Network (R-CNN) and fine-tuned pre-trainedResNet-50 and ResNet-152 networks for feature extraction. Initially, the region ofinterest is detected using Mask R-CNN which is later utilized for the trainingof fine-tuned models through transfer learning. Features are extracted fromfine-tuned models that are later fused using a serial approach. Moreover, anImproved Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm has also opted for thebest feature selection from the fused feature vector. The best-selected featuresare finally classified using machine learning techniques. The experimentalprocess was conducted on the publicly available dataset and obtained animproved accuracy of 96.43%. In comparison with state-of-the-art techniques,it is observed that the proposed accuracy is improved.

关键词： Diseases deep learning endoscopy gastrointestinal tract transfer learning

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Thermal Conductivity of Complex Plasmas Using Novel Evan-Gillan Approach

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2018年第6期69卷 704-710页

作者： Aamir Shahzad Syed irfan Haider muhammad Kashif muhammad Shahzad Shifa Tariq Munir Mao-Gang He Molecular Modeling and Simulation Laboratory Department of PhysicsGovernment College University Faisalabad(GCUF)Allama Iqbal RoadFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering Ministry of Education(MOE)Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

The thermal conductivity of complex fluid materials （dusty plasmas） has been explored through novel Evan-Gillan homogeneous non-equilibrium molecular dynamic （HNEMD） algorithm. The thermal conductivity coefficient obtained from HNEMD is dependent on various plasma parameters （T,k）. The proposed algorithm gives accurate results with fast convergence and small size effect over a wide range of plasma parameters. The cross microscopic heat energy current is discussed in association with variation of temperature （1/Г） and external perturbations （Pz）. The thermal conductivity obtained from HNEMD simulations is found to be very good agreement and more reliable than previously known numerical techniques of equilibrium molecular dynarnic, nonequilibrium molecular dynamic simulations. Our new investigations point to an effective conclusion that the thermal conductivity of complex dusty plasmas is dependent on an extensive range of plasma coupling （P） and screening parameter （k） and it varies by the alteration in these parameters. It is also shown that a different approach is used for computations of thermal conductivity in 2D complex plasmas and can be appropriate method for behaviors of complex systems.

关键词： complex dusty plasma homogenous nonequilibrium molecular dynamics canonical ensemble scaling law thermal conductivity Yukawa liquids

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Highly efficient and selective photocatalytic dehydrogenation of benzyl alcohol for simultaneous hydrogen and benzaldehyde production over Ni-decorated Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S solid solution

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第3期28卷 71-77页

作者： Lei Zhang Daochuan Jiang Rana muhammad irfan Shan Tang Xin Chen Pingwu Du Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion Department of Materials Science and Engineering iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)

Photocatalytic conversion of solar energy into hydrogen and high value-added fine chemicals has attracted increasing attention. Herein, we demonstrate an efficient photocatalytic system for simultaneous hydrogen evolution and benzaldehyde production by dehydrogenation of benzyl alcohol over Nidecorated Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S solid solution under visible light. The photocatalytic system shows an excellent hydrogen production rate of 666.3 μmol h^(-1) with high stability. The optimal apparent quantum yield of52.5% is obtained at 420 nm. This noble-metal-free photocatalytic system displays much higher activity than pure Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S and Pt-loaded Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S solid solution. Further studies reveal that the metallic Ni nanocrystals play an important role in accelerating the separation of photogenerated charge carriers and the subsequent cleavage of α-C–H bond during dehydrogenation of benzyl alcohol.

关键词： Photocatalysis Benzyl alcohol oxidation Hydrogen production Nickel Solid solution Charge separation

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Design and Development of Low-cost Wearable Electroencephalograms (EEG) Headset

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第3期35卷 2821-2835页

作者： Riaz muhammad Ahmed Ali M.Abid Anwar Toufique Ahmed Soomro Omar AlShorman Adel Alshahrani Mahmoud Masadeh Ghulam Md ashraf Naif H.Ali muhammad irfan Athanasios Alexiou Department of Electrical Engineering Sukkur IBA University65200SukkurPakistan Department of Electronic Engineering Quaid-e-Awam University of EngineeringScience and TechnologyLarkana77150Pakistan Faculty of Engineering and AlShrouk Trading Company Najran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences-Physiotherapy Program College of Applied Medical SciencesNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Computer Engineering Department Yarmouk UniversityIrbid21163Jordan Pre-Clinical Research Unit King Fahd Medical Research CenterKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Medical Laboratory Technology Faculty of Applied Medical SciencesKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Internal Medicine Medical CollegeNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringNajran University Saudi ArabiaNajran61441Saudi Arabia Novel Global Community Educational Foundation HebershamNSW 2770AustraliaAFNP Med AustriaWien2770Austria

Electroencephalogram(EEG)is a method of capturing the electrophy-siological signal of the *** EEG headset is a wearable device that records electrophysiological data from the *** paper presents the design and fab-rication of a customized low-cost Electroencephalogram(EEG)headset based on the open-source OpenBCI Ultracortex Mark IV *** electrode placement locations are modiﬁed under a 10–20 standard *** fabricated headset is then compared to commercially available headsets based on the following para-meters:affordability,accessibility,noise,signal quality,and ***,the data is recorded from 20 subjects who used the EEG Headset,and signals were ***,the participants marked the accuracy,set up time,participant comfort,and participant perceived ease of set-up on a scale of 1 to 7(7 being excellent).Thirdly,the self-designed EEG headband is used by 5 participants for slide *** raw EEG signal is decomposed into a series of band sig-nals using discrete wavelet transform(DWT).Lastly,theseﬁndings have been compared to previously reported *** concluded that when used for slide-changing control,our self-designed EEG headband had an accuracy of 82.0 *** also concluded from the results that our headset performed well on the cost-effectiveness scale,had a reduced setup time of 2±0.5 min(the short-est among all being compared),and demonstrated greater ease of use.

关键词： Brain-computer interface EEG consumer-grade accessibility headset

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Silver Nano Islands Enhanced Raman Scattering on Large Area Grating Substrates Fabricated by Two Beam Laser Interference

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2013年第5期29卷 1006-1010页

作者： ABID muhammad irfan WANG Lei ZHANG Xu-lin XU Ying State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and Engineering Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China

The authors prepared large area surface-enhanced Raman scattering（SERS） active substrates with tunable enhancement. First the large area gratings were fabricated by scanning a photoresist with two-beam laser interference and subsequently they were coated with silver nano islands via vacuum evaporation. SERS active metal island grating substrates with four different periods（300, 400, 515 and 600 nm） and Ag nano islands uniformly coated on an area of 2.5 cm×0.5 cm were obtained. The measured SERS spectra reveal the tuning effect of the period on the Raman sig- nals period. The highest enhancement（ca. 105） for Rhodamine 6G（R6G） as probing molecule is associated with a pe- riod of 515 nm due to the perfect matching of surface plasmons and Raman excitation line. A good reproducibility of SERS signals with almost the same SERS intensity at different spots was observed on all the larger area Ag island grating substrates.

关键词： Ag nano island Surface-enhanced Raman scattering Large area grating Laser interference

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An Efficient Proxy Blind Signcryption Scheme for IoT

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 4293-4306页

作者： Aamer Khan Insaf Ullah Fahad Algarni muhammad Naeem M.irfan Uddin muhammad Asghar Khan Department of Information Technology Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyAbbotabadPakistan Hamdard Institute of Engineering and Technology Islamabad44000Pakistan College of Computing and Information Technology University of BishaBishaSaudi Arabia Institute of Computing Kohat University of Science and TechnologyKohatPakistan

Recent years have witnessed growing scientific research interest in the Internet of Things(IoT)technologies,which supports the development of a variety of applications such as health care,Industry 4.0,agriculture,ecological data management,and other various *** utilizes the Internet as a prime medium of communication for both single documents as well as multi-digital ***,due to the wide-open nature of the Internet,it is important to ensure the anonymity,untraceably,confidentiality,and unforgeability of communication with efficient computational complexity and low *** designed a light weight and secure proxy blind signcryption for multi-digital messages based on a hyperelliptic curve(HEC).Our results outperform the available schemes in terms of computational cost and communication *** designed scheme also has the desired authentication,unforgeability of warrants and/or plaintext,confidentiality,integrity,and blindness,***,our scheme is more suitable for devices with low computation power such as mobiles and tablets.

关键词： Proxy signcryption multi-digital-documents proxy blind signcryption hyperelliptic curve IoT

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Multiscale Image Dehazing and Restoration:An Application for Visual Surveillance

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 1-17页

作者： Samia Riaz muhammad Waqas Anwar irfan Riaz Hyun-Woo Kim Yunyoung Nam muhammad Attique Khan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadWah Campus47040Pakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadLahore CampusLahorePakistan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Hanyang UniversityAnsanKorea Department of ICT Convergence Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea Department of Computer Science HITEC University TaxilaTaxila47080Pakistan

The captured outdoor images and videos may appear blurred due to haze,fog,and bad weather *** droplets or dust particles in the atmosphere cause the light to scatter,resulting in very limited scene discernibility and deterioration in the quality of the image ***,image dehazing has gainedmuch popularity because of its usability in a wide variety of *** algorithms have been proposed to solve this ill-posed *** algorithms provide quite promising results in some cases,but they include undesirable artifacts and noise in haze patches in adverse *** of these techniques take unrealistic processing time for high image *** this paper,to achieve real-time halo-free dehazing,fast and effective single image dehazing we propose a simple but effective image restoration technique using multiple *** will improve the shortcomings of DCP and improve its speed and efficiency for high-resolution images.A coarse transmissionmap is estimated by using the minimumof different size *** a cascaded fast guided filter is used to refine the transmission *** introduce an efficient scaling technique for transmission map estimation,which gives an advantage of very low-performance degradation for a highresolution *** performance evaluation,quantitative,qualitative and computational time comparisons have been performed,which provide quiet faithful results in speed,quality,and reliability of handling bright surfaces.

关键词： Dehaze defog pixel minimum patch minimum edge preservation

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