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Partial Fusion (F) Gene Analysis of Newcastle Disease Virus Detected in Pakistan during 2021-2022

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 256-275页

作者： muhammad danish mehmood Huma Anwar Ul-Haq Rauf Khalid Yasir Amin muhammad Usman Ghani muhammad Ismail Rabia Habib Fareeha Arshed Abdul Rasheed Shaukat Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan Research & Development Division Ottoman Pharma Lahore Pakistan Quality Assurance Department Ottoman Pharma Lahore Pakistan Veterinary Research and Disease Investigation Center Abbottabad Pakistan Quality Control Department Ottoman Pharma Immuno Lahore Pakistan Production Department Ottoman Pharma Lahore Pakistan Poultry Production Department Sabir&#8217s Poultry Pvt. Ltd. Sabroso Pakistan

Newcastle disease (ND) virus is a leading threat to commercial and domestic poultry in Pakistan. The virus infects and constitutes irreversible impairment to the nervous system, damages the respiratory system, and marks severe gastrointestinal lesions leading to heavy mortality in short-living birds and substantial losses in layers and breeders. The continuous emergence and evolution of the virus made it inclined to evade the humoral response and indirectly the circumvention of artificial active immunization. Newcastle disease is caused by the orthoavula genus of the paramyxoviridae family and has shown high genetic diversity even in their genotypes while information regarding enzootic trends of the virus is scanty in Pakistan. A total of 40 tracheal samples of NDV were collected from different commercial broiler farms and 11 isolates of NDV were identified. In the current study, we determined the genetic diversity of the Newcastle disease virus based on the partial sequencing of the fusion protein gene available in the NCBI database. Genetic analysis showed that seven isolates belonged to class I genotype VII and four belonged to class II genotype II. Interestingly, two isolates had epidemiological connections with vaccine-like class II genotype II. Our findings, concerning the recent outbreaks of class I genotype VII and class II genotype II of NDV in vaccinated commercial flocks, suggest possible potential partial mutations in the fusion protein gene. Genetic diversity and formation of the new cleavage site in an important neutralizing protein of wild strain are linked with the potency of artificial active immunization and a major cause of vaccine failure.

关键词： Newcastle Disease Virus Haemagglutination Inhibition Polymerase Chain Reaction Phylogenetic Tree Mutation Analysis

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Immunomodulatory Effect of Purified Exotoxins of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>in Association with Bird Flu Virus Vaccine in Broilers

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2019年第1期9卷 1-15页

作者： muhammad Usman Ghani muhammad danish mehmood Amna Javed Farheen Ansari Huma Anwar Sana Noreen Sajjad Hussain Shah Ottoman Pharma (Immuno Division) Lahore Pakistan Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan

Immunization is the most effective method still used against infectious agents. Although not always, vaccines ineffectiveness is reported enormously against many of the pathogens throughout the world in poultry, particularly in case of killed or sub unit vaccine. The current project is, therefore, carried out as a preliminary study on broiler chickens to investigate the modulation of immune system against avian influenza virus in association with purified Staphylococcus aureus toxoid. After isolation of Gram positive cocci bacteria on mannitol salt agar from raw milk, yogurt and chicken meat were subsequently biochemically characterized by using rapid diagnostic kit. Pure culture of S. aureus was inoculated into digitally controlled bio-fermentor containing mannitol salt broth for production of toxins. Enormous production of bacteria was passed through sequence of filtration system based on 0.45 μm followed by 0.22 μm size. The centrifugation of the filtrate was made at 10,000 rpm for 60 minutes at 5℃ followed by 56,100 rpm for 20 minutes and clear supernatant containing Staphylococcus enterotoxin (SEs) was obtained. Bradford estimation of proteins further provided 305 μg/ml of SEs toxoid. Four types of oil adjuvant avian influenza type H9N2 virus vaccines (without toxoid, 91.5 μg/0.3ml, 22.8 μg/0.3ml and 11.43 μg/0.3ml) were injected into healthy AI H9N2 susceptible broilers and anti-H9N2 HI antibody titers were measured in terms of hemagglutination inhibition test. It was observed that on the 8th day, post vaccination cumulative mean anti AIH9 HI antibody titer of G-1, G-2, G-3, G-4 and G-5 was 3.13 ± 0.406, 5.13 ± 0.246, 3.96 ± 0.159, 3.25 ± 0.237 and 0.78 ± 0.467 respectively. It was found that all the vaccines induced protective titers 18 days’ post vaccination, but vaccine containing 91.5 μg/dose of SEs toxoid showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) immune response as compared to vaccine containing 22.8 μg/dose and 11.43 μg/dose, whereas, vaccines containing SE

关键词： AIV H9N2 Staphylococcus aureus Toxoid Super Antigen Immunomodulation HI Assay

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Comparative Efficacy of Different Inactivated Hydro-Pericardium Syndrome Vaccines Prepared from Infected Liver and Vero Cell Line Adapted Adeno Type 4 Virus

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World Journal of Vaccines 2020年第1期10卷 1-16页

作者： muhammad danish mehmood Huma Anwarul-Haq Faisal Amin Sajjad Hussain Ejaz Rafique muhammad Usman Ghani muhammad Ismail Fareeha Ghaffar Ottoman Pharma (Immuno Division) Lahore Pakistan Grandparent Diagnostic Laboratory Lahore Pakistan Veterinary Research Institute Lahore Pakistan Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan

Hydro-Pericardium Syndrome (HPS) is viral problem of commercial poultry caused by aviadeno virus type-4. In Pakistan the problems have been controlled by administering inactivated infected liver homogenate vaccine (ILHV). The use of liver based HPS vaccines remained potential threat for having hypersensitivity reactions in poultry. The current study was carried out to compare the serological potency of HPS ILHV to vero cell line adopted vaccine in term of anti HPS-ELISA antibody titers. 14 HPS virus vaccines were prepared based on different concentration of antigen, type of adjuvants and source of virus substrate. Total of 160 birds were divided into 16 groups each containing 10 birds. At day of 14th age each bird of every group was injected with 0.3 ml dose of respective vaccine. It was observed that HPS infected liver based vaccine having 1 × 105.6, 1 × 105.6 and 1 × 103.6 bird lethal dose 50 induced 1092.10, 875.25 and 702.2 anti-HPS ELISA antibody titer respectively. The 20, 25 and 30 doses/gm HPS infected liver vaccine induced 110.4, 1071.9 and 1037.8 anti-HPS ELISA antibody titer respectively. Montanide based tissue culture HPS vaccine showed significantly higher 1148.45 anti-HPS ELISA antibody titer to aluminium hydroxide based vaccine (137.2) (P 5.6 TCID50 is serological potent against field infection. The vaccines based on such formulation could be prepared in future for effective immuno-prophylaxis against HPS virus.

关键词： Hydro-Pericardium Syndrome Vero Cell Line Infected Liver Homogenate Cytopathic Effect Tissue Culture Infective Dose Montanide HPS ELISA

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PCR Based Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Fowl Adenovirus Strains Isolated from 2019 Epidemic from Punjab and Sindh, Pakistan

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2020年第3期10卷 246-258页

作者： Nadeem Sharif muhammad danish mehmood Syed Zeeshan Haider Naqvi Huma Anwar ul-Haq Syed Shoaib Ahmed muhammad Usman Ghani muhammad Shoaib Mubashir Hussain Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan Ottoman Pharma (Immuno Division) Lahore Pakistan College of Veterinary Sciences FSH & VS Peshawar Pakistan Kohat University of Science & Technology Kohat Pakistan

Hydro-Pericardium Hepatitis (HPH) is an emerging infectious disease of commercial poultry, caused by different serotypes of Fowl Adeno Virus. The vertical transmission of the virus into the progeny may results in devastating damage, causing huge economic losses to its farmers. In present study, molecular typing is performed on basis of partially conserved hexon gene sequences, using a unique set of primers having common reverse oligo for simultaneous detection of FAdV1, FAdV-4 and FAdV-11. A total of 14 fowl adeno virus strains were isolated from 100 suspected adeno virus liver samples, collected from different districts in Pakistan, between 2018 and 2019. FASTA’s sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis revealed that out of the 14, one isolate which belonged to group A showed 27% similarity with FAdV-1, while three isolates showed 99%, 95% & 45% similarity to FAdV-4 (Group C). Whereas, ten isolates showed more than 99% similarity to FAdV-11 (Group D). The serotypes FAdV1, FAdV-4 and FAdV-11 are prevailing in the breeder and broilers. These results hold great importance in rapid, reliable and simultaneous detection of the three FAdV serotypes. Therefore, fowl adeno virus vaccine production for commercial poultry shall be according to the prevalent field serotypes.

关键词： Hydro-Pericardium Hepatitis (HPH) Hexon Gene Polymerase Chain Reaction Phylogenetic Analysis Sanger’s Sequence

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Molecular Detection and Sequencing for S1 Glycoprotein Gene of Bronchitis Virus of 2016 Epidemic from Sindh and Punjab

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2018年第12期9卷 649-660页

作者： Ahmad Umer Sultan muhammad danish mehmood Rameez Hassan Huma Anwar Sana Noreen Faisal Amin Sajjad Hussain Ottoman Pharma (Immuno Division) Lahore Pakistan Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan Grand Parent Diagnostic Laboratory Lahore Pakistan Veterinary Research Institute Lahore Pakistan

Infectious Bronchitis (IB) is highly contagious disease of commercial poultry causing substantial economic loses by producing poor quality meat in broilers and effecting production in breeder birds. The causative agent has been reported as most hazardous pathogen among other infectious agent even after being immunized with multi-variant strain vaccine. Currently, different strain such as H-120, 4/91 and D274 have been used extensively for immunoprophylaxis against velogenic strain across Pakistan with minimal protection reported. In current study PCR analysis was used to investigate the molecular nature of IB isolates from Punjab and Sind province of Pakistan in 2016 epidemics. Total of 100 tracheal samples were considered for virus inoculation in 10 days old chicken embryonated eggs. The IBV infected amniotic fluid was neutralized with monoclonal antisera of H-120, 4/91 and D274 strains. The IBV screened samples were subjected for RNA extraction and subsequent to PCR using type specific primer of each strain. The amplified product of 840 bp was sequenced through Sanger sequencing. On the basis of PCR results, four similar amplified products from both regions were obtained showing similarities in agarose gel electrophoresis, but they differ from each other on the basis of nucleotides sequence. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that nucleotide sequences of isolates from Karachi were similar to the IBV H-120, Mass-41 and Connecticut 46 reference strains. Whereas, isolates from the Punjab province are analogous to the Mans-2, Mans-3, 9/41(UK) but did not show significant similarity with other reference strain. Therefore, it is recommended that use of M-41 and H-120 in vaccine production could be effective measure against velogenic infectious agent in Sindh particularly in Karachi, whereas, it would be better to incorporate either of the variant GQ281656.1, AY279533.1 in vaccine because of their highest level of resemblance with genetically sequenced isolates from Lahore a

关键词： Infectious Bronchitis Virus S1 Glycoprotein Polymerase Chain Reaction Virus Neutralization Test Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis

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Review on inorganic and polymeric materials-coordinated metal-organic-framework photocatalysts for green hydrogen evolution

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 322-356页

作者： Dong-Eun Lee Mohtaram danish Umair Alam Wan-Kuen Jo School of Architecture CivilEnvironmental and Energy Engineering Kyungpook National University80 Daehak-roBuk-guDaegu 41566Republic of Korea School of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanGyeongbuk 38541Republic of Korea

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)possess a distinct advantage over conventional heterogeneous photocatalysts because of their carefully defined architecture and particular pores,which facilitate the targeted incorporation of other efficient cocatalysts or semiconductor *** integration of MOFs with other materials has resulted in significant breakthroughs,as the coupled materials improve the performance due to the combined *** unique MOF structures allow them to host foreign materials,which results in harvesting the visible region of the solar spectrum and effectively mitigating charge recombination by promoting charge *** review presents an evaluation of the latest developments in the utilization of surface and/or pore chemistry of MOF-supported heterojunctions for photocatalytic green-hydrogen generation with a basic understanding of the mechanism *** review begins with the basic principles of photocatalysis,the significance of MOFs,their optical properties,the methods used for synthesizing MOFs,and their coordination with other inorganic and polymeric ***,methods to increase photocatalytic H2 evolution using MOF-supported heterojunction have been proposed as standard ***,to address environmental challenges,we highlight the future potential of MOF-supported heterojunctions for use in green-energy *** hope that this review provides guidance to researchers in the development of effective heterojunctions based on MOFs to address challenges in energy applications and catalytic processes.

关键词： Renewable energy Environmental challenge Heterojunction Water splitting Photocatalysis

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Focus on current and emerging treatment options for glioma:A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第4期15卷 482-495页

作者： Brandon Lucke-Wold Burhanuddin Sohail Rangwala muhammad Ashir Shafique Mohammad Arham Siddiq muhammad Saqlain Mustafa Fnu danish Rana muhammad Umer Nasrullah Noor Zainab Abdul Haseeb Department of Neurosurgery University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32608United States Department of Neurosurgery Jinnah Sindh Medical UniversityKarachi 75510Pakistan Department of Neurosurgery Army Medical CollegeRawalpindi 46000Pakistan

This comprehensive review delves into the current updates and challenges associated with the management of low-grade gliomas(LGG),the predominant primary tumors in the central nervous *** a general incidence rate of 5.81 per 100000,gliomas pose a significant global concern,necessitating advancements in treatment techniques to reduce mortality and *** review places a particular focus on immunotherapies,discussing promising agents such as Zotiraciclib and ***,a CDK9 inhibitor,has demonstrated efficacy in glioblastoma treatment in preclinical and clinical studies,showing its potential as a therapeutic ***,a viral immunotherapy,induces inflammation in glioblastoma and displays positive outcomes in both adult and pediatric *** of immunotherapy extends to Pembrolizumab,Nivolumab,and Entrectinib,revealing the challenges and variabilities in patient *** promising preclinical data,the monoclonal antibody Depatuxizumab has proven ineffective in glioblastoma treatment,emphasizing the critical need to understand resistance *** review also covers the success of radiation therapy in pediatric LGG,with evolving techniques,such as proton therapy,showing potential improvements in patient quality of *** treatment is discussed in the context of achieving a balance between preserving the patient’s quality of life and attaining gross total resection,with the extent of surgical resection significantly influencing the survival *** addition to advancements in cancer vaccine development,this review highlights the evolving landscape of LGG treatment,emphasizing a shift toward personalized and targeted *** research is essential for refining strategies and enhancing outcomes in the management of LGG.

关键词： Low-grade gliomas Monoclonal antibody Lerapolturev Glioblastoma CDK9 inhibitor

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派特灵外用治疗跖疣的临床疗效

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国际医药卫生导报 2024年第6期30卷 1028-1031页

作者：刘苑玲陈文艺吴雪琳胡燕卿 Yaqoob muhammad danish 刘康兴南方医科大学第三附属医院普通外科广州510630 南方医科大学第三附属医院皮肤性病科广州510630

目的观察派特灵外用治疗跖疣的临床疗效。方法选取2019年1月至2022年12月南方医科大学第三附属医院确诊的跖疣患者150例,采用随机分配的方式,50例患者采取派特灵外敷治疗,50例患者采用CO_(2)激光治疗,50例患者采用液氮冷冻治疗,并分别... 详细信息

目的观察派特灵外用治疗跖疣的临床疗效。方法选取2019年1月至2022年12月南方医科大学第三附属医院确诊的跖疣患者150例,采用随机分配的方式,50例患者采取派特灵外敷治疗,50例患者采用CO_(2)激光治疗,50例患者采用液氮冷冻治疗,并分别于治疗结束后4周、12周进行随访,观察3组临床疗效、复发情况。采用χ^(2)检验、F检验。结果派特灵组50例患者年龄(30.25±10.52)岁,其中男性27例、女性23例,皮损单发15例、两处及以上部位35例;CO_(2)激光组50例患者年龄(28.65±11.25)岁,其中男性30例、女性20例,皮损单发20例、两处及以上部位30例;液氮冷冻组50例患者年龄(25.15±9.65)岁;其中男性25例、女性25例,皮损单发20例、两处及以上部位30例。治疗后4周,派特灵组临床有效率为94.0%(47/50),CO_(2)激光组临床有效率为84.0%(42/50),液氮冷冻组临床有效率为80.0%(40/50),3组比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.258,P=0.025),CO_(2)激光组与液氮冷冻组差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.619,P=0.532)。治疗后12周,派特灵组临床有效率为88.0%(44/50),CO_(2)激光组临床有效率为78.0%(39/50),液氮冷冻组临床有效率为72.0%(36/50),3组比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.893,P=0.031),CO_(2)激光组与液氮冷冻组差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.021,P=0.328)。结论派特灵能有效地治疗跖疣,减少复发率,创伤和不良反应较小,可广泛应用于临床治疗。

关键词：跖疣人乳头瘤病毒派特灵临床疗效

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Debating the magnesium-selenium battery technology

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2020年第4期8卷 980-988页

作者： muhammad Rashada Syed danish Ali Zaidi muhammad Asif School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003JiangsuChina Advanced Rechargeable Batteries Laboratory Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China Department of Chemical Sciences School of Natural SciencesUniversity of LimerickLimerick V94 T9PXIreland

Magnesium ion batteries(MIBs)have received tremendous research attention owing to their low cost,dendrite free electroplating,and high theoretical capacities compared with lithium ion batteries(LIBs).Despite these advantages,the launching of MIBs is hindered by sluggish kinetics of the magnesium ions inside the host ***,several magnesium-selenium batteries have been developed to achieve the fast kinetics of magnesium ions inside the selenium-based ***,we have critically reviewed the five-year advancements made in the field of selenium cathode design,selenium loadings,compatible organic and inorganic electrolytes,their resultant reversible capacities,working voltages,cycle life,and specific *** selenium-based cathodes were critically debated in terms of their electrochemical performance and *** the end of this review article,several irmovative directions are proposed to shed light on future research.c 2020 Published by Elsevier *** behalf of Chongqing University.

关键词： Magnesium-selenium batteries Energy storage Selenium cathodes Electrolytes Electrochemical properties

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Emergence of taurine as a therapeutic agent for neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 62-68页

作者： Ashok Jangra Priyanka Gola Jiten Singh Pooja Gond Swarnabha Ghosh Mahesh Rachamalla Abhijit Dey danish Iqbal Mehnaz Kamal Punya Sachdeva Saurabh Kumar Jha Shreesh Ojha Dinesh Kumar Niraj Kumar Jha Hitesh Chopra Shing Cheng Tan Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Central University of HaryanaMahendergarhHaryanaIndia Department of Biology University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada Department of Life Sciences Presidency UniversityKolkataWest BengalIndia Department of Health Information Management College of Applied Medical SciencesBuraydah Private CollegesBuraydahSaudi Arabia Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry College of PharmacyPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KharjSaudi Arabia GloNeuro Vishwakarma RoadNoidaIndia Department of Biotechnology School of Engineering&Technology(SET)Sharda UniversityGreater NoidaUttar PradeshIndia Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics College of Medicine and Health SciencesUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl AinUnited Arab Emirates School of Bioengineering&Biosciences Lovely Professional UniversityPhagwaraIndia Department of Biotechnology School of Applied&Life Sciences(SALS)Uttaranchal UniversityDehradunIndia Chitkara College of Pharmacy Chitkara UniversityPunjabIndia UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia

Taurine is a sulfur-containing,semi-essential amino acid that occurs naturally in the *** alternates between inflammation and oxidative stress-mediated injury in various disease *** part of its limiting functions,taurine also modulates endoplasmic reticulum stress,Ca^(2+)homeostasis,and neuronal activity at the molecular *** effectively protects against a number of neurological disorders,including stro ke,epilepsy,cerebral ischemia,memory dysfunction,and spinal cord *** various therapies are available,effective management of these disorders remains a global *** 30 million people are affected *** design of taurine fo rmation co uld lead to potential drugs/supplements for the health maintenance and treatment of central nervous system *** general neuroprotective effects of taurine and the various possible underlying mechanisms are discussed in this *** article is a good resource for understanding the general effects of taurine on various *** the strong evidence for the neuropharmacological efficacy of taurine in various experimental paradigms,it is concluded that this molecule should be considered and further investigated as a potential candidate for neurotherapeutics,with emphasis on mechanism and clinical studies to determine efficacy.

关键词： antioxidant epilepsy γ-amino butyric acid neurodegenerative disorders neuroprotection oxidative stress spinal cord injury taurine

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