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Numerical Solution for a Similar Flow between Two Disks in the Presence of a Magnetic Field

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Applied Mathematics 2013年第8期4卷 1163-1167页

作者： Sajjad Hussain muhammad anwar kamal Farooq Ahmad muhammad Ali muhammad Shafique Sifat Hussain Centre for Advanced Studies in Pure and Applied Mathematics Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan Department of Mathematics Gomal University D. I. Khan Pakistan Department of Mathematics King Suleman Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Minhaj University Lahore Pakistan

Numerical solutions are obtained for non-steady, incompressible fluid flow between two parallel disks which at time t are separated by a distance H(1-αt)1/2 and a magnetic field proportional to B0(1-αt) -1/2 is applied perpendicular to the disks where H denotes a representative length, BO denotes a representative magnetic field and α-1 denotes a representative time. Similarity transformations are used to convert the governing partial differential equations of motion in to ordinary differential form. The resulting ordinary differential equations are solved numerically using SOR method, Richardson extrapolation and Simpson’s (1/3) Rule. Our numerical scheme is straightforward, efficient and easy to program.

关键词： Numerical Solution Similar Flow Newtonian Fluid Magnetic Field Reynold’s Number

Numerical investigations of asymmetric flow of a micropolar fluid between two porous disks

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2009年第6期25卷 787-794页

作者： muhammad Ashraf M.anwar kamal K.S.Syed Centre for Advanced Studies in Pure and Applied Mathematics Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan Department of Mathematics King Saud University RiyadhSaudi Arabia

Numerical solution is presented for the two- dimensional flow of a micropolar fluid between two porous coaxial disks of different permeability for a range of Reynolds number Re （-300≤ Re 〈 0） and permeability parameter A （1.0≤A ≤2.0）. The main flow is superimposed by the injection at the surfaces of the two disks. Von Karman＇s similarity transformations are used to reduce the governing equations of motion to a set of non-linear coupled ordinary differential equations （ODEs） in dimensionless form. An algorithm based on the finite difference method is employed to solve these ODEs and Richardson＇s extrapolation is used to obtain higher order accuracy. The results indicate that the parameters Re and A have a strong influence on the velocity and microrotation profiles, shear stresses at the disks and the position of the viscous/shear layer. The micropolar material constants cl, c2, c3 have profound effect on microrotation as compared to their effect on streamwise and axial velocity profiles. The results of micropolar fluids are compared with the results for Newtonian fluids.

关键词： Porous disks . Asymmetric flow .Micropolar fluid . Finite differences.Viscous layer

Saponins and solvent extracts from Atriplex laciniata L. exhibited high anthelmintic and insecticidal activities

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2017年第5期37卷 599-606页

作者： Zul kamal Farhat Ullah Sajjad Ahmad muhammad Ayaz Abdul Sadiq muhammad Imran Shujat Ahmad Faiz Ur Rahman anwar Zeb Department of Pharmacy Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal Dir Upper 18050Pakistan Department of Pharmacy University of Malakand Chakdara Dir Lower 18000 Pakistan Department of Zoology Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal Dir Upper 18050 Pakistan

OBJECTIVE: To investigate saponins and various solvent extracts from Atriplex laciniata(A. laciniata)against human parasites and various ***: The samples from A. laciniata used in the activities were crude saponins(*** F) and solvent samples including methanolic extract(*** F), ethyl acetate(*** F), choloroform(*** F),n-hexane(*** F) and water residual(*** F). Anthelmintic potentials of the samples were analyzed against Pheretima posthuma(earthworms) and Ascaridia galli(round worms) using contact toxicity method. Insecticidal activities were performed against Heterotermes indicola(termite), Monomorium pharaonis(pharaoh ant), Tribolium castaneum(flour beetle) and Rhyzopertha dominica(grain borer) using standard ***: In anthelmintic assay, *** F and *** F were most effective against P. posthuma and A. gal-li with average death times of 25.62 and 29.65 min respectively. Likewise the anthelmintic assay, *** F and *** F were most effective against H. indicola causing 90.36% and 73.24% lethality respectively. Furthermore, in anti-Pharaoh activity *** F, *** F, *** F, *** F and *** F exhibited highest activity with LD50 of 78, 220, 260, 330 and > 800 mg/m L respectively. *** F and *** F were highly effective against R. dominica causing 80.11% and71.30% lethality respectively. *** F was found most active against T. ***: Our findings suggest that the *** F, *** F and *** F extracted from *** *** be the best options for the isolation of anthelmintic and bio-insecticidal compounds.

关键词： Saponins Atriplex Parasites Hetero termes indicola Monomorium pharaonis Rhyzopertha dominica Tribolium castaneum

Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Risk Factors Contributing Pulmonary Tuberculosis Infection and Recent Transmission

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2019年第4期7卷 228-237页

作者： S. M. Shahriar Rizvi Shirin Tarafder S. M. Mostofa kamal Shaheda anwar Fatima Tuj Johora Shamim Hossain Communicable Disease Control Directorate General of Health Services Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Microbiology and Immunology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory NIDCH Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Microbiology East West Medical College Dhaka Bangladesh Medical Technologist National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory NIDCH Dhaka Bangladesh

Host factors, environmental factors, genetic diversity and distinct phylogeographic distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) contribute to regional differences in drug resistance. Bangladesh remains among the top 20 high Multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) burden countries of the world. This cross sectional study was conducted to identify the socio demographic characteristics and the risk factors contributing Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) infection. These characteristics and risk factors were further investigated among the clustered isolates. Total 60 culture isolates consist of 40 RR and 20 rifampicin sensitive (RS) isolates were enrolled in this study. Laboratory works were done in National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory (NTRL) and Department of Microbiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. All 60 samples were confirmed as MTB by MPT 64 antigen detection. Two samples were excluded for possible cross contamination and two for failing to give PCR product for most of the locus. So, finally 56 samples were further analyzed for results. Four isolates were distributed within two clusters which were belonged to Beijing lineage. Socio demographic data and risk factors analysis of this study found significant male predominance (p = 0.04) with history of smoking (p = 0.01) and previous anti-TB treatment (p = 0.012) as the significant risk factors for RR TB.

关键词： Tuberculosis Socio-Demographic Beijing Lineage Epidemiology

Preoperative evaluation of P53 and bcl-2 over expression in clinical stage 1 endometrial carcinoma and their correlation with surgico-pathological data and prognosis of patients

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2011年第2期1卷 55-63页

作者： Emad A. Fyallah Reda A. Hemida kamal I. anwar Nada A. Nadia Lotfy S. Sherif Mohammad T. Sayed-Ahmed 不详

Introduction: P53 and bcl-2 over expression was reported to affect the biology and prognosis of patients endometrial carcinoma. Methods: This prospective study included 38 patients with histologically confirmed endometrial carcinoma and staged clinically as stage I. Immunohistochemical staining of the tumor specimens obtained by dilatation and curettage (D&C) with P53 and bcl-2 monoclonal antibodies was done. The surgical, pathological and follow up data of all patients were studied. Results: There were 18 cases (47.4%) with positive P53 over expression. P53 over expression was found to be associated with increasing grade of differentiation, advanced stage, and non endometrioid type (significant), and increased depth of myometrial invasion (non-significant). It was associated with more recurrence rate (22% versus 15%) and shorter mean survival time (33.9 versus 29.2 months). Bcl-2 expression was present in24 cases (63.2%) of the studied group. There was significant decrease in bcl-2expression with poorly differentiated, advanced stage, increased depth of myometrial invasion, and non-endometrioid type. It was not significantly correlated with recurrence rate and mean survival time. Conclusion: P53 over expression in the D&C specimens was associated with adverse surgicopathological criteria, increased mortality rate, and shorter survival time in patients with endometrial carcinoma. A significant decrease in bcl-2 expression was associated with adverse surgicopathological criteria, but it was not significantly correlated with prognosis of the patients.

关键词： Endometrial Carcinoma Prognosis P53 Bcl-2