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Nanosuspension enhances dissolution rate and oral bioavailability of Terminalia arjuna bark extract in vivo and in vitro

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asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2020年第4期10卷 164-171页

作者： Fatiqa Zafar Nazish Jahan Khalil-Ur-Rahman muhammad rafique asi Waseeq-Ul-Islam Zafar Department of Chemistry University of OkaraOkaraPakistan Department of Chemistry University of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan Department of Biochemistry University of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan Food Toxicology Lab Plant Protection DivisionNuclear Institute for Agriculture and BiologyFaisalabadPakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University of Information and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan

Objective:To enhance the dissolution rate and oral bioavailability of Terminalia arjuna bark extract by formulating its ***:Nanoprecipitation approach was used for the formulation of nanosuspension using polysorbate-80 as a *** formulated nanosuspension was assessed for particle size,polydispersity index,zeta potential value and for in vitro dissolution *** bioavailability studies were carried out in Wistar male albino rats by administering a single dose(50 mg/***)of the formulated nanosuspension and coarse *** storage stability of the formulated nanosuspension was determined after three months of storage at room temperature and under the refrigerated *** assay was carried out to evaluate the toxicity of the formulated nanosuspension using two mutant strains(Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and Salmonella typhimurium TA98).Results:The mean particle size of the formulated nanosuspension was 90.53 nm with polydispersity index and zeta potential values of 0.175 and-15.7 m V,*** arjuna nanosuspension showed improved dissolution rate and 1.33-fold higher oral bioavailability than its coarse *** formulated nanosuspension also showed better stability under the refrigerated condition and was non-mutagenic against both ***:Our study demonstrates that nanosuspension technology can effectively enhance the dissolution rate and oral bioavailability of Terminalia arjuna bark extract.

关键词： Terminalia arjuna Nanosuspension Bioavailability Stability Toxicity Polysorbate-80

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Determination of Organochlorine and Nitrogen Containing Pesticide Residues in Water,Sediments and Fish Samples by Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatograph

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2009年第5期10卷 9-12页

作者： Shahid Mahboob Ghazala S.Sultana muhammad rafique asi S.Nadeem A.S.Chaudhry GC大学动物学系巴基斯坦费萨拉巴德38000 农业与生物核研究所巴基斯坦费萨拉巴德38000 纽卡斯尔大学食品和农村发展(SA-FRD)农学院

With high performance liquid chromatography, the concentrations of α-endosulfan, DDE, parathion methyl, isoproturon, atrazine, carbaryl and carbofuran were determined in farmed raised fish Labeo rohita of two weight groups. All these pesticide residues were detected in fish meat samples. All these pesticide residues except isoproturon were identified in soil sediments, whereas all these pesticide residues except isoproturon, carbaryl and DDE were also present in water samples. DDT, heptachlor, β-endosulfan, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, captan, cypermethrin, chlorobromuron and chlorotoluron were absent in all samples of water, sediments and fish flesh. The pesticide residues levels were in order of parathion methyl 〉 DDE 〉 carbofuran 〉 atrazine 〉 α-endosulfan 〉 isoproturan 〉 carbaryl. The concentrations of pesticides were higher in fish weighing 800 -1 300 g than in those weighing 250 -750 g. The DDE was remained highest in sediments, while that was not detected in water samples. The pesticides （endosulfan, parathion methyl, atrazine and carbofuran） had crossed their MRL values （0.001 μg/g） in water samples.

关键词： Pesticrde residues Organochlorine Nitrogen containing pesticides Reverse phase Chromatograph

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Enhancing alkyne semi-hydrogenation through engineering metal-support interactions of Pd on oxides

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3707-3713页

作者： Yuefeng Wu Xiaotong Lu Pengfei Cui Wenyu Jia Jun Zhou Yuan Wang Hussain Zahid Yuxin Wu muhammad Umer rafique Xiong Yin Baoshan Li Leyu Wang Guolei Xiang State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China College of Chemical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

Supported Pd catalysts show superior activities for olefin productions from alkynes through semi-hydrogenation reactions,but over-hydrogenation into alkanes highly decreases olefin *** phenylacetylene semi-hydrogenation as a model reaction,here we explore the optimization approaches toward better Pd catalysts for alkyne semi-hydrogenation through investigating support effect and metal-support *** results show that the states of Pd with supports can be tuned by varying oxide reducibility,loading ratios,and *** our system,0.06 wt.%Pd on rutile-TiO_(2) nanorods shows the highest activity owing to the synergistic effects of single-atoms and *** reducibility can change the filling degrees of Pd 4d orbitals through varying interfacial bonding strengths,which further affect catalytic activity and selectivity.

关键词： alkyne semi-hydrogenation support effect metal-support interaction Pd catalyst single-atom catalyst

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Recent Developments in Authentication Schemes Used in Machine-Type Communication Devices in Machine-to-Machine Communication: Issues and Challenges

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 93-115页

作者： Shafi Ullah Sibghat Ullah Bazai Mohammad Imran Qazi Mudassar Ilyas Abid Mehmood muhammad asim Saleem Muhmmad Aasim rafique Arsalan Haider Ilyas Khan Sajid Iqbal Yonis Gulzar Kauser Hameed Department of Computer Engineering Balochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineering and Management SciencesQuetta87300Pakistan Department of Information Technology Balochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineeringand Management SciencesQuetta87300Pakistan Department of Information Systems College of Computer Sciences and Information TechnologyKing Faisal UniversityHofuf in Al-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Management Information Systems College of Business AdministrationKing Faisal UniversityHofuf in Al-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Software Engineering College of ComputingRiphah International UniversityFaisalabad44000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineeringand Management SciencesQuetta87300Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of Science Al-ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Machine-to-machine (M2M) communication plays a fundamental role in autonomous IoT (Internet of Things)-based infrastructure, a vital part of the fourth industrial revolution. Machine-type communication devices(MTCDs) regularly share extensive data without human intervention while making all types of decisions. Thesedecisions may involve controlling sensitive ventilation systems maintaining uniform temperature, live heartbeatmonitoring, and several different alert systems. Many of these devices simultaneously share data to form anautomated system. The data shared between machine-type communication devices (MTCDs) is prone to risk dueto limited computational power, internal memory, and energy capacity. Therefore, securing the data and devicesbecomes challenging due to factors such as dynamic operational environments, remoteness, harsh conditions,and areas where human physical access is difficult. One of the crucial parts of securing MTCDs and data isauthentication, where each devicemust be verified before data transmission. SeveralM2Mauthentication schemeshave been proposed in the literature, however, the literature lacks a comprehensive overview of current M2Mauthentication techniques and the challenges associated with them. To utilize a suitable authentication schemefor specific scenarios, it is important to understand the challenges associated with it. Therefore, this article fillsthis gap by reviewing the state-of-the-art research on authentication schemes in MTCDs specifically concerningapplication categories, security provisions, and performance efficiency.

关键词： Authentication cyber security internet of things machine-type communication devices machine-to-machine communication

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Structural,electronic,and magnetic behaviors of 5d transition metal atom substituted divacancy graphene：A first-principles study

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第5期26卷 304-312页

作者： rafique muhammad 帅永 He-Ping Tan Hassan muhammad School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China Mehran University of Engineering and Technology S.Z.A.B Campus Khairpur Mir' s Sindh Pakistan

Structural, electronic, and magnetic behaviors of 5d transition metal（TM） atom substituted divacancy（DV） graphene are investigated using first-principles calculations. Different 5d TM atoms（Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, and Pt） are embedded in graphene, these impurity atoms replace 2 carbon atoms in the graphene sheet. It is revealed that the charge transfer occurs from 5d TM atoms to the graphene layer. Hf, Ta, and W substituted graphene structures exhibit a finite band gap at high symmetric K-point in their spin up and spin down channels with 0.783 μB, 1.65 μB, and 1.78 μB magnetic moments,respectively. Ir and Pt substituted graphene structures display indirect band gap semiconductor behavior. Interestingly, Os substituted graphene shows direct band gap semiconductor behavior having a band gap of approximately 0.4 e V in their spin up channel with 1.5 μB magnetic moment. Through density of states（DOS） analysis, we can predict that d orbitals of 5d TM atoms could be responsible for introducing ferromagnetism in the graphene layer. We believe that our obtained results provide a new route for potential applications of dilute magnetic semiconductors and half-metals in spintronic devices by employing 5d transition metal atom-doped graphene complexes.

关键词： substituted impurity symmetric dilute complexes monolayer Fermi replace polarized doping

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Effect of Cumulative Nanosecond Laser Pulses on the Plasma Emission Intensity and Surface Morphology of Pt-and Ag-Ion Deposited Silicon

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Plasma Science and Technology 2012年第4期14卷 333-337页

作者： Khurram SIRAJ muhammad Zakria BUTT muhammad KHALEEQ-UR-RAHMAN muhammad Shahid rafique Saima rafique FAKHAR-UN-NISA Advanced Physics Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of Engineering and Technology

In this work, the laser induced plasma plume characteristics and surface morphology of Pt- and Ag-ion deposited silicon were studied. The deposited silicon was exposed to cumulative laser pulses. The plasma plume images produced by each laser shot were captured through a computer controlled image capturing system and analyzed with image-J software. The integrated optical emission intensity of both samples showed an increasing trend with increasing pulses. Agion deposited silicon showed higher optical emission intensity as compared to Pt-ion deposited silicon, suggesting that more damage occurred to the silicon by Ag ions, which was confirmed by SRIM/TRIM simulations. The surface morphologies of both samples were examined by optical microscope showing thermal, exfoliational and hydrodynamical sputtering processes along with the re-deposition of the material, debris and heat affected zones＇ formation. The crater of Ption deposited silicon was deeper but had less lateral damage than Agion deposited silicon. The novel results clearly indicated that the ion deposited silicon surface produced incubation centers, which led to more absorption of incident light resulting into a higher emission intensity from the plasma plume and deeper crater formation as compared to pure silicon. The approach can be effectively utilized in the laser induced breakdown spectroscopy technique, which endures poor limits of detection.

关键词： ions deposited silicon laser irradiation plasma plume emission intensity,crater formation

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Radioactive contents and background doses from northern alluvial sediment plains between rivers Ravi and Chenab,Pakistan

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2016年第4期27卷 127-134页

作者： Abdul Jabbar Khalid Khan Tania Jabbar muhammad rafique S.U.Rehman Waheed Arshed muhammad Dilband Health Physics Division Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH) Department of Physics University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Muzaffarbad Department of Medical Physics Nuclear Medicine Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute (NORI)

Radiometric analysis of soil samples, collected from northern alluvial sediment plains between rivers Ravi and Chenab, has been carried out. Activity concentrations of^(226) Ra,^(232)Th,^(40) K and the artificial radionuclide^(137) Cs were estimated by using high-purity germanium detector. Subsequent values of activity concentrations were used to find terrestrial absorbed dose rate and annual effective doses received by resident of area. The mean radioactivity levels of^(226) Ra,^(232)Th,^(40) K and^(137)Cs were found to be 45.0 ± 1.3,59.6 ± 2.8, 613.8 ± 20.0 and 4.0 ± 0.2 Bq kg^(-1), respectively. Terrestrial absorbed dose rate and annual effective dose received by public were found to be 85.1 n Gy h^(-1)and0.5 m Sv, respectively. The activity concentrations of^(226) Ra,^(232)Th,^(40) K and^(137)Cs and resulting doses obtained for the current study were compared with data available in the literature and with international standards.

关键词：年有效剂量冲积平原平原河流放射性含量巴基斯坦泥沙 137Cs 226Ra

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Advances in research on Zika virus

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asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第4期10卷 301-312页

作者： Amjad Ali Braira Wahid Shazia rafique muhammad Idrees Centre for Applied Molecular Biology University of the Punjab Vice Chancellor Hazara University

Zika virus(ZIKV) is rapidly spreading across the America and its devastating outcomes for pregnant women and infants have driven this previously ignored pathogen into the *** manifestations are fever,joint pain or rash and *** of ZIKV started with a first outbrcak in the Pacific arca in 2007.a second large outbreak occurred in the Pacific in 2013/2014 and subsequently the virus spread in other Pacific *** of explosive global pandemic and severe clinical complications linked with the more immediate and recurrent epidemics necessitate the development of an effective *** vaccine platforms such as DNA vaccine,recombinant subunit *** purified inactivated vaccine,and chimeric vaccines have shown potent efficacy in ritro and in rim ***,number of drugs such as ***008 and 7-DMA are ready to enter phase I clinical trial because of proven anti-ZIKV *** based antibodies offer promise as an intervention effective for use in pregnant *** this review,we describe the advances in research on ZIKV such as research strategies for the development of antiviral drugs & vaccines,molecular evolution,epidemiology emergence,neurological complications and other teratogenic outcomes as well as pathogenesis.

关键词： Zika virus Molecular evolution Neurological complications Transmission Diagnosis Pathogenesis

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Radionuclide concentrations in sand samples from riverbanks of Muzaffarabad,Azad Kashmir

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2018年第7期29卷 103-115页

作者： Abdul Razzaq Khan muhammad rafique Abdul Jabbar Saeed Ur Rahman muhammad Ikram Shahzad muhammad Ejaiz Khan Mulaika Yasin Department of Physics University of Azad Jammu andKashmir MuzaffarbadAzad Kashmir 13100Pakistan Health Physics Division Pakistan Institute of NuclearScience and Engineering(PINSTECH)NiloreIslamabad 45650Pakistan Department of Medical Physics Nuclear MedicineOncologyand Radiotherapy InstituteIslamabadPakistan Physics Division Directorate of SciencePINSTECHP.O.NiloreIslamabad 45650Pakistan

This paper presents the results of a radiological risk assessment arising from the presence of naturally occurring radionuclides in sand samples from three riverbanks in *** mean values obtained for 232 Th,226 Ra,and 40 K were found to be 44.58 ± 3.34,48.25 ± 1.77,and 239.92 ± 22.73 Bq kg^(-1),*** assess the uniformity of exposure,the radium equivalent activity(Raeq) was calculated and was found to be130.47 ± 8.29 Bqkg^(-1).The current reported value for Raeqis lower than the maximum permissible value,that is,370 Bq kg^(-1),and equivalent to a gamma dose of1.5 m Svy^(-1).To investigate the possible contribution to health risks of alpha particle exposure,the radon exhalation rate(RER) from the sand samples was *** mean RER for all the samples was found to be335 m Bq m-^(2) h^(-1).About 43% of the samples were found to have an indoor excess lifetime cancer risk value slightly higher than recommended safety limit of 1,as proposed by the ICRP.A normalized parameter,the equivalent multiplicative factor,was defined and used to compare the current results with the findings of studies performed in other *** findings are relevant to both human health and future environmental radiation monitoring.

关键词：放射性核种样品克什米尔河岸风险评价调查结果 226Ra gamma

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Zika virus: Is Pakistan next?

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asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第7期11卷 451-452页

作者： Braira Wahid Amjad Ali Shazia rafique muhammad Idrees Genome Centre for Molecular Based Diagnostics and Research Cl-25 Block B Al-Sudais Plaza Abdalian Cooperative Society Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB) 87-West Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig University of the Punjab Division of Molecular Virology and Diagnostics Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB) 87-West Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig University of the Punjab Vice Chancellor Hazara University Mansehra

Dear editor,Zika virus(ZIKV)crisis,which caught Brazil in 2015,heralded the rapid spread throughout Americas and has imparted catastrophic devastation to human population in the form of severe

关键词： Aedes ZIKV Microcephaly Deaths

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