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Weathering and accumulation of trace elements in the soils of the Porali Plain, Balochistan: repercussions in agriculture

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 214-234页

作者： Maria Kaleem Erum Bashir Shahid Naseem Tahir rafique Bushra Shahab Department of Geology University of KarachiKarachi 75270Pakistan Applied Chemistry Research Centre PCSIR Laboratories ComplexKarachi 75280Pakistan

This study is theﬁrst attempt to assess the nature of the soil,especially on the western side of the Porali Plain in Balochistan;a new emerging agriculture hub,using weathering and pollution indices supplemented by multi-variate analysis based on geochemical data.The outcomes of this study are expected to help farmers in soil manage-ment and selecting suitable crops for the region.Twenty-ﬁve soil samples were collected,mainly from the arable land of the Porali Plain.After drying and coning-quarter-ing,soil samples were analyzed for major and trace ele-ments using the XRF technique;sieving and hydrometric methods were employed for granulometric analysis.Esti-mated data were analyzed using Excel,SPSS,and Surfer software to calculate various indices,correlation matrix,and spatial distribution.The granulometric analysis showed that 76%of the samples belonged to loam types of soil,12%to sand type,and 8%to silt type.Weathering indices:CIA,CIW,PIA,PWI,WIP,CIX,and ICV were calculated to infer the level of alteration.These indices reﬂect mod-erate to intense weathering;supported by K_(2)O/AI_(2)O_(3),Rb/K_(2)O,Rb/Ti,and Rb/Sr ratios.Assessment of the geo-ac-cumulation and Nemerow Pollution indices pinpoint rela-tively high concentrations of Pb,Ni,and Cr concentration in the soils.The correlation matrix and Principal Compo-nent Analysis show that the soil in this study area is mainly derived from the weathering of igneous rocks of Bela Ophiolite(Cretaceous age)and Jurassic sedimentary rocks of Mor Range having SEDEX/MVT type mineralization.Weathering may result in the undesirable accumulation of certain trace elements which adversely affects crops.

关键词： Weathering indices Pollution indices Accumulation Repercussions Trace elements Multivariate analyses Porali Plain Balochistan

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Extracellular matrix and nitric oxide based functional coatings for vascular stents

Engineered Regeneration

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Engineered Regeneration 2022年第2期3卷 149-153页

作者： Quhan Cheng muhammad Shafiq muhammad rafique Li Shen Xiumei Mo Kai Wang Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative MedicineCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Department of Cardiology Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine Shanghai 200032China.

Cardiovascular diseases cause huge morbidity and mortality worldwide.Recently,vascular stents have been most frequently used to treat cardiovascular diseases thanks to their effectiveness at dilating blood vessels and main-taining the circulation of blood.However,stent expansion leads to endothelium injury posing thrombogenic and in-stent restenosis(ISR).In addition,the bioinertness and an acute lack of endothelium-like function on the surface of implanted vascular stents compromise their performance.Functional coatings of vascular stents to mimic endothelium-and extracellular matrix(ECM)-like functions could prevent thrombosis,inhibit the over-growth of smooth muscle cells(SMCs),and promote the rapid restoration of native endothelium,hence effec-tively suppressing stent-related complications.Noticeably,ECM-based coatings including a multitude of bioactive molecular,such as growth factors,heparin,hyaluronic acid(HA)and so on,have been proven to play important effects on regulating ECs/SMCs behavior and improving blood compatibility of stents.Additionally,nitric oxide(NO),which is fundamental to the endothelium-mediated anti-thrombogenesity,anti-intimal hyperplasia and anti-inflammation,has been leveraged to improve vascular stent functions.Therefore,this review will highlight different strategies and biological role of ECM and NO based functional coatings on vascular stent.Lastly,some potential important factors for stents development are suggested as well.

关键词： Vascular stent Nitric oxide Extracellular matrix Functional coating

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Enhancing alkyne semi-hydrogenation through engineering metal-support interactions of Pd on oxides

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3707-3713页

作者： Yuefeng Wu Xiaotong Lu Pengfei Cui Wenyu Jia Jun Zhou Yuan Wang Hussain Zahid Yuxin Wu muhammad Umer rafique Xiong Yin Baoshan Li Leyu Wang Guolei Xiang State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China College of Chemical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

Supported Pd catalysts show superior activities for olefin productions from alkynes through semi-hydrogenation reactions,but over-hydrogenation into alkanes highly decreases olefin selectivity.Using phenylacetylene semi-hydrogenation as a model reaction,here we explore the optimization approaches toward better Pd catalysts for alkyne semi-hydrogenation through investigating support effect and metal-support interactions.The results show that the states of Pd with supports can be tuned by varying oxide reducibility,loading ratios,and post-treatments.In our system,0.06 wt.%Pd on rutile-TiO_(2) nanorods shows the highest activity owing to the synergistic effects of single-atoms and clusters.Support reducibility can change the filling degrees of Pd 4d orbitals through varying interfacial bonding strengths,which further affect catalytic activity and selectivity.

关键词： alkyne semi-hydrogenation support effect metal-support interaction Pd catalyst single-atom catalyst

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Recent Developments in Authentication Schemes Used in Machine-Type Communication Devices in Machine-to-Machine Communication: Issues and Challenges

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 93-115页

作者： Shafi Ullah Sibghat Ullah Bazai Mohammad Imran Qazi Mudassar Ilyas Abid Mehmood muhammad Asim Saleem Muhmmad Aasim rafique Arsalan Haider Ilyas Khan Sajid Iqbal Yonis Gulzar Kauser Hameed Department of Computer Engineering Balochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineering and Management SciencesQuetta87300Pakistan Department of Information Technology Balochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineeringand Management SciencesQuetta87300Pakistan Department of Information Systems College of Computer Sciences and Information TechnologyKing Faisal UniversityHofuf in Al-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Management Information Systems College of Business AdministrationKing Faisal UniversityHofuf in Al-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Software Engineering College of ComputingRiphah International UniversityFaisalabad44000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineeringand Management SciencesQuetta87300Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of Science Al-ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Machine-to-machine (M2M) communication plays a fundamental role in autonomous IoT (Internet of Things)-based infrastructure, a vital part of the fourth industrial revolution. Machine-type communication devices(MTCDs) regularly share extensive data without human intervention while making all types of decisions. Thesedecisions may involve controlling sensitive ventilation systems maintaining uniform temperature, live heartbeatmonitoring, and several different alert systems. Many of these devices simultaneously share data to form anautomated system. The data shared between machine-type communication devices (MTCDs) is prone to risk dueto limited computational power, internal memory, and energy capacity. Therefore, securing the data and devicesbecomes challenging due to factors such as dynamic operational environments, remoteness, harsh conditions,and areas where human physical access is difficult. One of the crucial parts of securing MTCDs and data isauthentication, where each devicemust be verified before data transmission. SeveralM2Mauthentication schemeshave been proposed in the literature, however, the literature lacks a comprehensive overview of current M2Mauthentication techniques and the challenges associated with them. To utilize a suitable authentication schemefor specific scenarios, it is important to understand the challenges associated with it. Therefore, this article fillsthis gap by reviewing the state-of-the-art research on authentication schemes in MTCDs specifically concerningapplication categories, security provisions, and performance efficiency.

关键词： Authentication cyber security internet of things machine-type communication devices machine-to-machine communication

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Antagonistic Potential of Bacterial Species against Fungal Plant Pathogens(FPP)and Their Role in Plant Growth Promotion(PGP):A Review

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第9期91卷 1859-1877页

作者： Amjad Ali Yasir Iftikhar Mustansar Mubeen Haider Ali muhammad Ahmad Zeshan Zohaib Asad muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye Malik Abdul Rehman Mazhar Abbas muhammad rafique muhammad Usman Ghani Department of Plant Protection Sivas University of Science and TechnologySivas58140Turkey Department of Plant Pathology College of AgricultureUniversity of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan College of Bioscience University of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK Department of Plant Pathology PMAS University of Arid AgricultureRawalpindi43490Pakistan Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and TechnologyBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Citrus Research Institute Sargodha40100Pakistan Department of Agriculture and Agribusiness Management University of Karachi75270KarachiPakistan Pest warning&Quality Control of Pesticides SahiwalPunjab40210Pakistan Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences University of AgricultureFaisalabad38000Pakistan

Since the 19th century to date,the fungal pathogens have been involved in causing devastating diseases in plants.All types of fungal pathogens have been observed in important agricultural crops that lead to significant pre and postharvest losses.The application of synthetic fungicide against the fungal plant pathogens(FPP)is a traditional management practice but at the same time these fungicides kill other beneficial microbes,insects,animal,and humans and are harmful to environment.The antagonistic microorganism such as bacteria are being used as an alternate strategy to control the FPP.These antagonistic species are cost-effective and eco-friendly in nature.These biocontrol bacteria have a broad mechanism against fungal pathogens present in the phyllosphere and rhizosphere of the plant.The antagonistic bacteria have different strategies against the FPP,by producing siderophore,biofilm,volatile organic compounds(VOCs),through parasitism,antibiosis,competition for limited resources and induce systemic resistance(ISR)in the host plant by activating the immune systems.The commercial bio-products synthesized by the major bacterial species Pseudomonas syringae,Burkholderia cepacia,Streptomyces griseoviridis,Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis are used to control Fusarium,Pythium,Rhizoctonia,Penicillium,Alternaria,and Geotrichum.The commercial bio-formulations of bacteria act as both antifungal and plant growth regulators.The Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)played a significant role in improving plant health by nitrogen-fixing,phosphorus solubilization,phytohormones production,minimizing soil metal contamination,and by ACC deaminase antifungal activities.Different articles are available on the specific antifungal activity of bacteria in plant diseases.Therefore,this review article has summarized the information on biocontrol activity of bacteria against the FPP and the role of PGPR in plant growth promotion.This review also provided a complete picture of scattered information regarding antifungal ac

关键词： Fungi plant pathogens synthetic fungicide antagonism bio-products PGPR

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Isolated Hyperacute T-Waves in West Nile Encephalitis Indicating Atypical Variant of Stress-Induced Cardiomyopathy

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 303-310页

作者： Soomal rafique Nadeem Khan Momin Siddique School of Medicine Southern Illinois University Springfield USA

Several cardiac outcomes have been reported with West Nile-encephalitis;however, the underlying pathophysiology remains complex. We present a 42-year-old female, with multiple sclerosis, whose neurological symptoms and respiratory decline were finally explained by the diagnosis of West Nile-encephalitis. During her admission, the isolated peaked T-waves indicated the underlying stress-induced cardiomyopathy. The absence of all other causes of hyperacute T-waves, their subsequent resolution with the resolution of infection and improvement in wall motion abnormalities, further supported the association. This case highlights the importance of considering hyperacute T-waves in an approach towards the diagnosis of WNV-encephalitis related atypical variant of stress-induced cardiomyopathy.

关键词： West Nile Virus encephalitis WNV Hyperacute T-Waves Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Atypical/Inverted Variant of Stress-Induced Cardiomyopathy CMP

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Radioactive contents and background doses from northern alluvial sediment plains between rivers Ravi and Chenab,Pakistan

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2016年第4期27卷 127-134页

作者： Abdul Jabbar Khalid Khan Tania Jabbar muhammad rafique S.U.Rehman Waheed Arshed muhammad Dilband Health Physics Division Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH) Department of Physics University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Muzaffarbad Department of Medical Physics Nuclear Medicine Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute (NORI)

Radiometric analysis of soil samples, collected from northern alluvial sediment plains between rivers Ravi and Chenab, has been carried out. Activity concentrations of^(226) Ra,^(232)Th,^(40) K and the artificial radionuclide^(137) Cs were estimated by using high-purity germanium detector. Subsequent values of activity concentrations were used to find terrestrial absorbed dose rate and annual effective doses received by resident of area. The mean radioactivity levels of^(226) Ra,^(232)Th,^(40) K and^(137)Cs were found to be 45.0 ± 1.3,59.6 ± 2.8, 613.8 ± 20.0 and 4.0 ± 0.2 Bq kg^(-1), respectively. Terrestrial absorbed dose rate and annual effective dose received by public were found to be 85.1 n Gy h^(-1)and0.5 m Sv, respectively. The activity concentrations of^(226) Ra,^(232)Th,^(40) K and^(137)Cs and resulting doses obtained for the current study were compared with data available in the literature and with international standards.

关键词：年有效剂量冲积平原平原河流放射性含量巴基斯坦泥沙 137Cs 226Ra

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Functionalization of in vivo tissue-engineered living biotubes enhance patency and endothelization without the requirement of systemic anticoagulant administration

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第8期26卷 292-305页

作者： Hongyu Yan Quhan Cheng Jianghua Si Songdi Wang Ye Wan Xin Kong Ting Wang Wenting Zheng muhammad rafique Xiaofeng Li Ju He Adam C.Midgley Yi Zhu Kai Wang Deling Kong a a Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin300071China Department of Ultrasound in Medicine Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200233China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin300071China State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin300020China Department of Vascular Surgery Tianjin First Central HospitalNankai UniversityTianjin300192China Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China

Vascular regeneration and patency maintenance,without anticoagulant administration,represent key developmental trends to enhance small-diameter vascular grafts(SDVG)performance.In vivo engineered autologous biotubes have emerged as SDVG candidates with pro-regenerative properties.However,mechanical failure coupled with thrombus formation hinder translational prospects of biotubes as SDVGs.Previously fabricated poly(ε-caprolactone)skeleton-reinforced biotubes(PBs)circumvented mechanical issues and achieved vascular regeneration,but orally administered anticoagulants were required.Here,highly efficient and biocompatible functional modifications were introduced to living cells on PB lumens.The 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-methoxy(DMPE)-PEG-conjugated anti-coagulant bivalirudin(DPB)and DMPE-PEG-conjugated endothelial progenitor cell(EPC)-binding TPS-peptide(DPT)modifications possessed functionality conducive to promoting vascular graft patency.Co-modification of DPB and DPT swiftly attained luminal saturation without influencing cell viability.DPB repellent of non-specific proteins,DPB inhibition of thrombus formation,and DPB protection against functional masking of DPT’s EPC-capture by blood components,which promoted patency and rapid endothelialization in rat and canine artery implantation models without anticoagulant administration.This strategy offers a safe,facile,and fast technical approach to convey additional functionalization to living cells within tissue-engineered constructs.

关键词： In vivo tissue-engineering Biotube Living tissue modification Anticoagulation Rapid endothelialization

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Radionuclide concentrations in sand samples from riverbanks of Muzaffarabad,Azad Kashmir

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2018年第7期29卷 103-115页

作者： Abdul Razzaq Khan muhammad rafique Abdul Jabbar Saeed Ur Rahman muhammad Ikram Shahzad muhammad Ejaiz Khan Mulaika Yasin Department of Physics University of Azad Jammu andKashmir MuzaffarbadAzad Kashmir 13100Pakistan Health Physics Division Pakistan Institute of NuclearScience and Engineering(PINSTECH)NiloreIslamabad 45650Pakistan Department of Medical Physics Nuclear MedicineOncologyand Radiotherapy InstituteIslamabadPakistan Physics Division Directorate of SciencePINSTECHP.O.NiloreIslamabad 45650Pakistan

This paper presents the results of a radiological risk assessment arising from the presence of naturally occurring radionuclides in sand samples from three riverbanks in Muzaffarabad.The mean values obtained for 232 Th,226 Ra,and 40 K were found to be 44.58 ± 3.34,48.25 ± 1.77,and 239.92 ± 22.73 Bq kg^(-1),respectively.To assess the uniformity of exposure,the radium equivalent activity(Raeq) was calculated and was found to be130.47 ± 8.29 Bqkg^(-1).The current reported value for Raeqis lower than the maximum permissible value,that is,370 Bq kg^(-1),and equivalent to a gamma dose of1.5 m Svy^(-1).To investigate the possible contribution to health risks of alpha particle exposure,the radon exhalation rate(RER) from the sand samples was determined.The mean RER for all the samples was found to be335 m Bq m-^(2) h^(-1).About 43% of the samples were found to have an indoor excess lifetime cancer risk value slightly higher than recommended safety limit of 1,as proposed by the ICRP.A normalized parameter,the equivalent multiplicative factor,was defined and used to compare the current results with the findings of studies performed in other countries.Our findings are relevant to both human health and future environmental radiation monitoring.

关键词：放射性核种样品克什米尔河岸风险评价调查结果 226Ra gamma

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Intercomparison of Environmental Gamma doses Measured with A NaI(Tl) Survey Meter and Thermoluminescent Dosimeters(TLDs) in the Poonch Division of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2014年第12期27卷 969-972页

作者： muhammad rafique Kimberlee J Kearfott Khalil Ahmad Jabeen Akhter Abdul Razzaq Khan Raja Azhar Saeed Saeed Ur Rahman Matiullah muhammad Usman Rajput University of Michigan Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences Department of Physics University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Muzaffarbad Radiation Dosimetry Laboratory Health Physics Division PINSTECH Department of Medical Physics Nuclear Medicine Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute Directorate of Systems and Services PINSTECH Physics Division Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH)

This study presents the intercomparison of the outdoor environmental gamma dose rates measured using a Nal （TI） based survey meter along with thermoluminescent dosimeters （TLDs） and estimation of excess lifetime cancer risk （ELCR）, for the inhabitants of Poonch division of the Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. CaF2： Dy （TLD-200） card dosimeters were installed at height of 1 m from ground at fifteen different locations covering the entire Poonch division comprising of three districts.

关键词： in the Poonch Division of Azad Kashmir Survey Meter and Thermoluminescent Dosimeters Tl TLDs NaI

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