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Assessment of Heritable Variation and Best Combining Genotypes for Grain Yield and Its Attributes in Bread Wheat

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第8期9卷 1688-1698页

作者： Nusrat Parveen Amna Kanwal Etlas Amin Fariha Shahzadi Saba Aleem Mehvish Tahir Abia Younas Rasheda Aslam Nafeesa Aslam Iqra Ghafoor Mehvish Makhdoom muhammad Amin Shakir muhammad najeebullah Vegetable Research Institute AARI Faisalabad Pakistan Wheat Research Institute AARI Faisalabad Pakistan Rice Research Institute Kala Shah Kako Pakistan Cotton Research Station AARI Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Plant breeding and Genetics University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Livestock Production Research Institute Bahadernagar Farm Okara Pakistan

Grain yield in wheat is the resultant of several plant attributes. It is very important to assess heritable variation involved in the inheritance of these attributes in addition to find the best combining genotypes. For this purpose, the present study involving 5 × 5 full diallel analysis was performed. Twenty F1 hybrids along with their parents (9797, 9801, 9802, Chakwal-50 and Chakwal-86) were planted in field using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in the research area of Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad during 2015-2016. Plant characters like plant height, flag leaf area, spike length, No. of fertile tillers per plant, No. of grains per spike, No. of spikelets per spike, 1000 grain weight and grain yield per plant were studied in this experiment. Mean squares due to general combining ability (GCA) were highly significant for all the traits except for spike length for which GCA effects were significant. Mean squares due to specific combining ability (SCA) and reciprocal combining ability (RCA) were highly significant for all the characters studied. GCA variance was higher than the SCA variance for spike length and No. of grains per spike exhibiting the predominant role of additive genetic variation in the inheritance of these traits. However, for the characters like plant height, flag leaf area, No. of fertile tillers per plant, No. of spikelets per spike, 1000 grain weight and grain yield per plant, the value of SCA variance was higher than the value of GCA variance showing non additive gene action for these traits. The variety Chakwal-50 proved to be the best general combiner for plant height, spike length, No. of spikelets per spike, No. of grains per spike and grain yield per plant. The cross, 9802 × Chakwal-86 was the best specific combination for grain yield and most of the yield attributes. The good general and specific combiners are important breeding resources for the initiatio

关键词： Wheat Combining Ability Yield Diallel Additive Genetic Variation

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Emerging applications of nanomaterials in chemical enhanced oil recovery:Progress and perspective

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第8期28卷 1995-2009页

作者： najeebullah Lashari Tarek Ganat Department of Petroleum Engineering Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS32610 Seri IskandarPerak Darul RidzuanMalaysia Department of Petroleum and Gas Engineering Dawood University of Engineering&TechnologyM.A Jinnah RoadKarachi-74800Pakistan

In enhanced oil recovery,different chemicalmethods utilization improves hydrocarbon recovery due to their fascinating abilities to alter some critical parameters in porous media,such as mobility control,the interaction between fluid to fluid,and fluid to rock *** decades the use of surfactant and polymer flooding has been used as tertiary recovery *** the current research,the inclusion of nanomaterials in enhanced oil recovery injection fluids solely or in the presence of other chemicals has got colossal *** emphasis of this review is on the applicability of nanofluids in the chemical enhanced oil *** responsiblemechanisms are an increment in the viscosity of injection fluid,decrement in oil viscosity,reduction in interfacial and surface tension,and alteration of wettability in the rock *** this review,important parameters are presented,which may affect the desired behavior of nanoparticles,and the drawbacks of nanofluid and polymer flooding and the need for a combination of nanoparticles with the polymer are *** to the lack of literature in defining the mechanism of nanofluid in a reservoir,this paper covers majorly all the previous work done on the application of nanoparticles in chemical enhanced oil recovery at home ***,the problems associatedwith the nano-enhanced oil recovery are outlined,and the research gap is identified,which must be addressed to implement polymeric nanofluids in chemical enhanced oil recovery.

关键词： Chemical enhanced oil recovery Mechanisms Nanoparticles Polymeric Nanofluids

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Synthesized graphene oxide and fumed aerosil 380 dispersion stability and characterization with partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第6期34卷 307-322页

Hydrolyzed polyacrylamide(HPAM)is a commonly used polymer for the chemicals,mining and refining processes of hydrocarbon but suffers from a persistent high-temperature instability *** contrast,the nanoparticle suspension remains a technical challenge because of the strong interactions of van der Waal forces within nanoparticles,which always encourage *** research sought to improve nanoparticles(NP)stability and polymer(HPAM)rheological properties to improved hydrocarbon recovery by utilizing synthesized graphene oxide(GO)nanosheets and fumed Aerosil 380 Silica oxide(SiO_(2)).The aqueous nanocomposites based on HPAM-GO and HPAM-SiO_(2) in aqueous polymeric solutions have been developed,and its viscoelastic and static behaviour is *** results imply that by adding fumed silica NP,the viscoelastic behaviour of HPAM is marginally improved,particularly in high temperatures and salinity,however,the inclusion of GO's significantly improves the viscosity and stability of the base polymer fluid at high *** Fourier data for the transformation of the infrared spectrum confirmed that the hydrogen bonding formed between HPAM carbonyl groups and silica NP surface silanol functionality and covalent interlinking of electrostatic h-bonding between HPAM and functional GO contributed to the improved stabilization and improved rheological performance that helps to recover high salinity and temperature hydrocarbons.

关键词： Aggregation Composites Chemical enhance oil recovery Hydrocarbons Nanoparticles Polymer

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阿富汗主流媒体中的中国形象研究——以《亚洲之心》英文报纸为例

阿富汗主流媒体中的中国形象研究——以《亚洲之心》英文报纸为例

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作者：纳吉（najeebullah Qane）山东大学

学位级别：硕士

中国和阿富汗有着悠久的历史渊源和和谐稳定的国家关系,两国之间也在逐步加深在政治、经济、历史、文化等方面的联系。中阿两国之间的关系已被证明是睦邻友好的典范,这种国际关系也为其他与中国接壤的国家提供了可借鉴的案例。从1955年... 详细信息

中国和阿富汗有着悠久的历史渊源和和谐稳定的国家关系,两国之间也在逐步加深在政治、经济、历史、文化等方面的联系。中阿两国之间的关系已被证明是睦邻友好的典范,这种国际关系也为其他与中国接壤的国家提供了可借鉴的案例。从1955年中阿两国签署了《经济和技术合作条约》之后,与中国相关的报道开始活跃在阿富汗各大主流媒体上,这也是中国国际形象在阿富汗媒体中展现的起源。但是在新闻传播学领域中,很少有国内外专家学者研究中国在阿富汗媒体中的国际形象。本研究从新闻传播学视角切入,对阿富汗的《亚洲之心》英文报纸中2019年至2020年的涉华报道进行定量和定性的分析,旨在考察《亚洲之心》英文报纸上所呈现的中国形象。选用《亚洲之心》英文报纸作为研究对象,不仅是基于此报纸在阿富汗庞大且广泛的阅读群体,也在于它的知名度和权威性。本研究从建构主义的角度的出发并结合框架理论,考察了相关出版物中的中国媒体形象。本文选择《亚洲之心》作为阿富汗的一份代表性英文报纸,分析了 2019年至2020年(阿富汗历史上的这一时刻,阿富汗处于风雨飘摇的时期。因为2019年至2020年对美国与塔利班之间艰难的和平谈判、美国领导部队准备从阿富汗撤军以及结束长达20年的美国战争至关重要——这导致塔利班接管了政府)中国在阿富汗和国际舞台上的相关报道。本研究使用内容分析和文本分析方法,从三个不同的变量生成定量和定性统计数据:第一,媒体报道中中国在政治、经济、文化等不同领域所具有的形象;第二,新闻信息来源可以直接影响新闻报道的独立性和倾向性,并通过引用观点从样本新闻机构和样本的来源进行分析;第三,从宏观和微观角度审视新闻的具体内容及其特征;第三,来使用定性和定量研究技术研究报告的具体内容,以确定阿富汗主流媒体如何描绘中国的国家和国际形象,以及其表述是否准确。第一章是绪论,围绕研究背景、研究对象、研究目的、研究问题及研究方法等方面展开,通过对概念的解释和理论判断,创造性地提出了如何审视媒体内容以理解中国形象的解释。第二章以形象理论、框架理论为基础,从“形象”视角分析中阿关系、媒体在中阿关系中的作用、阿富汗与中国“一带一路”大型项目的联系、中国在阿富汗的经济和战略利益、中国对阿富汗的关切等方面展开。第三章是中国形象的核心要素分析,以中国在阿富汗媒体中的形象划分主题结构,如政治形象、经济形象、文化形象、科技形象等方面展开。第四章对不同新闻来源中的中国形象进行分析,包括国际新闻、邻国新闻、国内新闻机构等。第五章为中国形象的内容特征分析,首先从领域细分的角度看新闻主题,然后根据新闻内容的优先性总结出报道基调。在最后的第六章中阐述了研究结论、建议以及局限性和未来研究方向。研究结果表明,“亚洲之心”对中国新闻的报道有很大的积极、中立但也有一定的消极倾向,同时对中国也有明显的刻板印象。本研究发现,2019年《亚洲之心》报纸有关中国的新闻报道频率较高,总体对中国的形象的宣传是正面。主要主题是政治、经济、文化和科技,相关报道基调积极。研究表明,2019年有关中国的新闻报道频率较高,这可能与中美贸易战、伊朗核协议谈判等紧张的全球局势有关,要求中国发挥更重要、更积极的作用。这些新闻报道对中国的积极描述,也其不断增长的经济实力、全球政治影响力以及该地区的战略外交等有关系。

关键词：中国形象阿富汗主流媒体《亚洲之心》报纸

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