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Structural and optical properties of thermally reduced graphene oxide for energy devices

Chinese Physics B 2017年第8期26卷 346-352页

作者： Ayesha Jamil Faiza Mustafa Samia Aslam Usman arshad muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad Department of Physics COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyLahore 54000Pakistan

Natural intercalation of the graphite oxide, obtained as a product of Hummer＇s method, via ultra-sonication of water dispersed graphite oxide has been carried out to obtain graphene oxide（GO） and thermally reduced graphene oxide（RGO）.Here we report the effect of metallic nitrate on the oxidation properties of graphite and then formation of metallic oxide（MO） composites with GO and RGO for the first time. We observed a change in the efficiency of the oxidation process as we replaced the conventionally used sodium nitrate with that of nickel nitrate Ni（NO_3）_2, cadmium nitrate Cd（NO_3）_2,and zinc nitrate Zn（NO_3）_2. The structural properties were investigated by x-ray diffraction and observed the successful formation of composite of MO–GO and MO–RGO（M = Zn, Cd, Ni）. We sought to study the effect on the oxidation process through optical characterization via UV-Vis spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared（FTIR） ***, Thermo Gravimetric Analysis（TGA） was carried out to confirm 〉 90% weight loss in each process thus proving the reliability of the oxidation cycles. We have found that the nature of the oxidation process of graphite powder and its optical and electrochemical characteristics can be tuned by replacing the sodium nitrate（NaNO_3） by other metallic nitrates as Cd（NO_3）_2, Ni（NO_3）_2, and Zn（NO_3）_2. On the basis of obtained results, the synthesized GO and RGO may be expected as a promising material in antibacterial activity and in electrodes fabrication for energy devices such as solar cell, fuel cell,and super capacitors.

关键词： thermal properties of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide optical properties structuralproperties fuel cell composite materials

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Cloud authorization： exploring techniques and approach towards effective access control framework

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2015年第2期9卷 297-321页

作者： Rahat MASOOD muhammad Awais SHIBLI Yumna GHAZI Ayesha KANWAL arshad ALI School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (SEECS) National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Islamabad - 44000 Pakistan

Despite the various attractive features that Cloud has to offer, the rate of Cloud migration is rather slow, pri- marily due to the serious security and privacy issues that exist in the paradigm. One of the main problems in this regard is that of authorization in the Cloud environment, which is the focus of our research. In this paper, we present a systematic analysis of the existing authorization solutions in Cloud and evaluate their effectiveness against well-established industrial standards that conform to the unique access control require- ments in the domain. Our analysis can benefit organizations by helping them decide the best authorization technique for deployment in Cloud; a case study along with simulation re- sults is also presented to illustrate the procedure of using our qualitative analysis for the selection of an appropriate tech- nique, as per Cloud consumer requirements. From the results of this evaluation, we derive the general shortcomings of the extant access control techniques that are keeping them from providing successful authorization and, therefore, widely adopted by the Cloud community. To that end, we enumer- ate the features an ideal access control mechanisms for the Cloud should have, and combine them to suggest the ultimate solution to this major security challenge - access control as a service （ACaaS） for the software as a service （SaaS） layer. We conclude that a meticulous research is needed to incorpo- rate the identified authorization features into a generic ACaaS framework that should be adequate for providing high level of extensibility and security by integrating multiple accesscontrol models.

关键词： authorization access control software as a ser-vice extensible access control markup language identity &access management cloud security

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Molecular dynamics simulation of nanoscale surface diffusion of heterogeneous adatoms clusters

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第7期25卷 341-348页

作者： muhammad Imran Fayyaz Hussain muhammad Rashid muhammad Ismail Hafeez Ullah Yongqing Cai M arshad Javid Ejaz Ahmad S A Ahmad Material Simulation Research Laboratory(MSRL) Department of PhysicsBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60800Pakistan Department of Physics COMSATS Institute of Information Technology44000 IslamabadPakistan Department of Physics Govt.College University FaisalabadLayyah CampusLayyah 31200Pakistan Institute of High Performance Computing A*STARSingapore 138632Singapore Department of Basic Sciences(Physics) UETTaxila Department of Physics Simulation Laboratorythe Islamia University of Bahawalpur63100Pakistan

Molecular dynamics simulation employing the embedded atom method potential is utilized to investigate nanoscale surface diffusion mechanisms of binary heterogeneous adatoms clusters at 300 K, 500 K, and 700 K. Surface diffusion of heterogeneous adatoms clusters can be vital for the binary island growth on the surface and can be useful for the formation of alloy-based thin film surface through atomic exchange process. The results of the diffusion process show that at 300 K, the diffusion of small adatoms clusters shows hopping, sliding, and shear motion; whereas for large adatoms clusters（hexamer and above）, the diffusion is negligible. At 500 K, small adatoms clusters, i.e., dimer, show almost all possible diffusion mechanisms including the atomic exchange process; however no such exchange is observed for adatoms clusters greater than dimer. At 700 K, the exchange mechanism dominates for all types of clusters, where Zr adatoms show maximum tendency and Ag adatoms show minimum or no tendency toward the exchange process. Separation and recombination of one or more adatoms are also observed at 500 K and 700 K. The Ag adatoms also occupy pop-up positions over the adatoms clusters for short intervals. At 700 K, the vacancies are also generated in the vicinity of the adatoms cluster,vacancy formation, filling, and shifting can be observed from the results.

关键词： molecular dynamics surface diffusion adatoms atomic exchange

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Adsorption Isotherm and Kinetic Study of Methane on Palm Kernel Shell-Derived Activated Carbon

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2023年第1期8卷 66-77页

作者： Mohd Saufi Md Zaini muhammad arshad Syed Shatir A.Syed-Hassan School of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan TerengganuKampus Bukit BesiDungun 23200Malaysia Department of Basic Science Jhang-Campus University of Veterinary and Animal ScienceLahore 35200Pakistan School of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MARAShah Alam 40450Malaysia

Activated carbon(AC)was synthesized from palm kernel shell(PKS)using different activating agents,i.e.,steam,carbon dioxide(CO 2),and CO 2-steam,in order to analyze the impact of acti-vating agents on the pore opening of *** this study,AC produced from PKS was found to have great potential as an adsorbent for methane *** different molecular diffusivity and reac-tivity of the combination of CO 2 and steam succeeded in producing AC with the highest burn-offof 78.57%,a surface area of 869.82 m 2/g,a total pore volume of 0.47 cm 3/g,and leading to maximum methane gas adsorption capacity of 4.500 mol/*** types of ACs exhibited the best fit with the Freundlich isotherm model,with the correlation coefficient(R 2)ranging from 0.997 to 0.999,indicating the formation of multilayer *** addition,the adsorption kinetic data for all ACs followed the pseudo-first-order model showing that the rate of adsorption was dependent on both the adsorbent and the adsorbate and was governed primarily by physical ad-sorption between the pore surface and methane *** results of intraparticle diffusion model indicated that the adsorption of methane was affected by both pore diffusion and exterior layer diffusion due to the different adsorption rates.

关键词： Palm kernel shell Activated carbon Methane adsorption Kinetic model Isotherm model

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Google Scholar University Ranking Algorithm to Evaluate the Quality of Institutional Research

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 4955-4972页

作者： Noor Ul Sabah muhammad Murad Khan Ramzan Talib muhammad Anwar muhammad Sheraz arshad Malik Puteri Nor Ellyza Nohuddin Department of Computer Science Government College UniversityFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Department of Information Sciences Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahore54000Pakistan Department of Software Engineering Government College UniversityFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Institute of IR4.0 Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangiSelangor43600Malaysia

Education quality has undoubtedly become an important local and international benchmark for education,and an institute’s ranking is assessed based on the quality of education,research projects,theses,and dissertations,which has always been ***,this research paper is influenced by the institutes ranking all over the *** data of institutes are obtained through Google Scholar(GS),as input to investigate the United Kingdom’s Research Excellence Framework(UK-REF)*** this purpose,the current research used a Bespoke Program to evaluate the institutes’ranking based on their *** bespoke program requires changes to improve the results by addressing these methodological issues:Firstly,Redundant profiles,which increased their citation and rank to produce false ***,the exclusion of theses and dissertation documents to retrieve the actual publications to count for ***,the elimination of falsely owned articles from scholars’*** accomplish this task,the experimental design referred to collecting data from 120 UK-REF institutes and GS for the present year to enhance its correlation analysis in this new *** data extracted from GS is processed into structured data,and afterward,it is utilized to generate statistical computations of citations’analysis that contribute to the ranking based on their *** research promoted the predictive approach of correlational ***,experimental evaluation reported encouraging results in comparison to the previous modi-fication made by the proposed *** paper discussed the limitations of the current evaluation and suggested the potential paths to improve the research impact algorithm.

关键词： Google scholar institutes ranking research assessment exercise research excellence framework impact evaluation citation data

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Ethnobotanical profiling of the medicinal flora of Kotli,Azad Jammu and Kashmir,Pakistan:Empirical reflections on multinomial logit specifications

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第5期10卷 478-488页

作者： muhammad Shoaib Amjad muhammad arshad Abdul Saboor Sue Page Sunbal Khalil Chaudhari Department of Botany PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Department of Botany Women University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir Department of Economics PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Department of Geography University of Leicester

Objective:To report the indigenous people's uses of plants from a multidimensional perspective in a remote area where strong ethnobotanical cultural practices prevail. Methods:An ethnobotanical survey was conducted in the field during 2014-2016. Ethnobotanical data were gathered from 182 informants through oral interviews and semi-structured questionnaires. The distribution of plants was explored using both descriptive and graphical methods. Further,a Multinomial Logit Specification was applied to find out the probability of the occurrence of diverse utilization of plants in multipurpose domains. Results:The study identified 202 plant species distributed among 71 families and 156 genera. Ethnobotanical data indicate that there are more medicinal(36.96%) uses of plants as compared to all other use categories. The output from the Multinomial Logit Specifications(MLS) model reveals that perennial and non-woody plants are exploited more for medicinal and food uses than annual and woody plants. In the context of ethnomedicinal uses,aerial plant parts particularly leaves are more extensively used for the preparation of herbal recipes as compared to underground parts. Conclusions:The results of the study emphasize the need to create awareness among the local communities about the conservation status of plant species in order to maintain a sustainable resource of plant-derived materials into the future. The novel econometric approach employed in this study adds a new insightful methodology to the existing body of literature in the field of ethnobotany. We strongly recommend conservation measures,alongside phytochemical and pharmacological studies on the useful plant species identified in this study in order to ensure their sustainable and effective utilization.

关键词： Ethnobotany Medicinal uses Multinomial logit Kotli Azad Kashmir Pakistan

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Ethnobotanical inventory and folk uses of indigenous plants from Pir Nasoora National Park,Azad Jammu and Kashmir

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第3期5卷 234-241页

作者： muhammad Shoaib Amjad muhammad arshad Rahmatullah Qureshi Department of Botany PMAS-University of Arid Agriculture Department of Botany Women University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir

Objective:To document the medicinal and other folk uses of native plants of the area with a view to preserve the ethnobotanical knowledge associated with this ***:The fieldwork was conducted during a period of one *** were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire and interviews with indigenous tribal people and traditional health practitioners residing in the study ***:The present study documented ethnobotanical uses of 104 plant species belonged to93 genera and 51 *** revealed that most of the documented species were used medicinally(78 spp..44.07%).Leaves were found to be the most frequently used part(69 spp..42.86%) for the preparation of indigenous recipes and for ***:The current research contributes significantly to the ethnobotanical *** depicts a strong human-plant *** is an urgent need to further document indigenous uses of plants for future domestication.

关键词： Ethnobotany Pir Nasoora Indigenous knowledge Conservation

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Influences of Marangoni convection and variable magnetic field on hybrid nanofluid thin-film flow past a stretching surface

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第6期31卷 494-501页

作者： Noor Wali Khan arshad Khan muhammad Usman Taza Gul Abir Mouldi Ameni Brahmia Department of Mathematics City University of Science and ITPeshawar 25000Pakistan College of Aeronautical Engineering National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Sector H-12Islamabad 44000Pakistan Higher Education Archives and Libraries Department KP Govt.Superior Science CollegePeshawarPakistan Department of Industrial Engineering College of EngineeringKing Khalid UniversityAbha 61421KSA Chemistry Department College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha 61413Saudi Arabia

Investigations on thin-film flow play a vital role in the field of optoelectronics and magnetic *** films are reasonably hard and thermally stable but quite *** thermal stability of a thin film can be further improved by incorporating the effects of *** the current work,a stretchable surface is considered upon which hybrid nanofluid thin-film flow is taken into *** idea of augmenting heat transmission by making use of a hybrid nanofluid is a focus of the current *** flow is affected by variations in the viscous forces,along with viscous dissipation effects and Marangoni convection.A time-constrained magnetic field is applied in the normal direction to the flow *** equations governing the flow system are shifted to a non-dimensional form by applying similarity *** homotopy analysis method is employed to find the solution to the resultant *** is noticed in this study that the flow characteristics decline with augmentation of magnetic,viscosity and unsteadiness parameters while they increase with enhanced values of thin-film *** characteristics are supported by increasing values of the Eckert number and the unsteadiness parameter and opposed by the viscosity parameter and Prandtl *** numerical impact of different emerging parameters upon skin friction and the Nusselt number is calculated in tabular form.A comparison of current work with established results is carried out,with good agreement.

关键词： thin-film flow hybrid nanofluid viscous dissipation stretching surface homotopy analysis method

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Dispersive Solitary Wave Solutions of Strain Wave Dynamical Model and Its Stability

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2019年第10期71卷 1155-1162页

作者： muhammad arshad Aly R.Seadawy Dian-Chen Lu Asghar Ali Faculty of Science Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceTaibah UniversityAl-Madinah Al-MunawarahSaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics University of EducationMultan CampusPakistan

In the materials of micro-structured, the propagation of wave modeling should take into account the scale of various microstructures. The different kinds solitary wave solutions of strain wave dynamical model are derived via utilizing exp(-φ(ξ))-expansion and extended simple equation methods. This dynamical equation plays a key role in engineering and mathematical physics. Solutions obtained in this work include periodic solitary waves, Kink and antiKink solitary waves, bell-shaped solutions, solitons, and rational solutions. These exact solutions help researchers for knowing the physical phenomena of this wave equation. The stability of this dynamical model is examined via standard linear stability analysis, which authenticate that the model is stable and their solutions are exact. Graphs are depicted for knowing the movements of some solutions. The results show that the current methods, by the assist of symbolic calculation, give an effectual and direct mathematical tools for resolving the nonlinear problems in applied sciences.

关键词： exp(-∅(ξ))-expansion method improved simple equation method strain wave equation solitary waves periodic solutions

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Structural and optical properties of Cr doped ZnO crystalline thin films deposited by reactive electron beam evaporation technique

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2013年第1期23卷 64-69页

作者： Amjid Iqbal arshad Mahmood Taj muhammad Khan Ejaz Ahmed National Institute of Laser and Optronics(NILOP) P.O.NiloreIslamabad 45650Pakistan Physics Division PINSTECH P.O.NiloreIslamabad 45650Pakistan

ZnO and Cr-doped ZnO thin films are grown on to glass substrates using reactive electron beam(e-beam) evaporation *** of structural,morphological,and optical properties with Cr doping is investigated.X-ray diffraction(XRD) studies show that the films are polycrystalline in nature with single *** dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) results demonstrate that Cr ions are substitutionally incorporated into *** force microscopy(AFM) reveals that the films present a compact surface and root mean squared(RMS) roughness increased with Cr *** optical band gap energy Eg of the films has been determined using Transmission data by spectrophotometer and *** band gap energy found to be decreased with increasing Cr doping *** optical constants(refractive index,extinction coefficient) are calculated using ellipsometry and found to increase with Cr doping concentration.

关键词： Cr doping Thin film ZnO thin films Roughness Ellipsometry Optical constants

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