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Catalytic hydrotreatment of alkaline lignin and its consequent influences on fast pyrolysis

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2021年第1期4卷 219-229页

作者： Lijuan Zhang Cheolyong Choi Hiroshi machida Zhibao Huo Koyo Norinaga Department of Chemical Systems Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringNagoya UniversityAichi 464-8603Japan School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University800 Dongchuan RoadShanghai 200240China

The current state of lignin has been characterized by these three:(1)as one of the main components in lignocellulosic biomass with an abundant amount;(2)not be taken seriously but treated as a waste product;(3)underutilized due to a complex and stubborn ***,lignin can be a rich source for hydrocarbons and aromatic compounds when gives appropriate *** this work,we have studied the hydrotreatment of alkaline lignin(AL)under relatively mild conditions and further investigated the characterization of hydrogenated lignin(HL),especially the behavior during fast *** recovery of the HL decreased with increasing reaction temperature from 60 wt.%to 41 wt.%in the range of 150-250℃.The hydrotreated products were analyzed using Elemental Analysis,FTIR(for HL)and GC-MS(for bio-oil).The HL samples were found to have a higher hydrogen/carbon atomic effective ratio(H/C_(eff) ratio)and a higher degree of saturation than *** to the internal structure of the lignin before and after hydrotreatment,the side chain groups were removed from AL during the *** that,from the fast pyrolysis of HL,it was observed that more light hydrocarbons and aromatic compounds were formed than that of ***,fast pyrolysis in the hydrogen atmosphere revealed that more volatile fractions were released compared to the Helium *** total olefins yield was increased for HL compared AL from 1.02 wt.%to 3.1 wt.%at 250℃for 7 *** study of HL is instructive to some extent for the industrial utilization of lignin.

关键词： Alkaline lignin Hydrotreatment Hydrogenated lignin Fast pyrolysis Hydrogen atmosphere

Determination of metronidazole in a rat stomach by HPLC for obtaining basic data of the eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2012年第5期2卷 378-381页

作者： Mai Kubodera Tadakazu Tokumura Yoshiharu machida Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories Nihon Generic Co.Ltd.Kannonndai 1-25-4TsukubaIbaraki 305-0856Japan Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of PharmacyInternational University of Health and WelfareKitakanemaru 2600-1OhtawaraTochigi 324-8501Japan Department of Drug Delivery Research Hoshi UniversityEbara 2-4-41ShinagawaTokyo 142-8501Japan

In the eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori changes of antibiotics as these concentrations or amount in the stomach after oral administration were not clear. A simple and accurate method for determining the concentration of metronidazole （MTZ） in homogenate of rat stomach was developed in order to obtain basic data to design a pharmaceutical preparation having targeting ability to the surface of gastric-mucosa. This method included a deproteinization process by methanol, separation with reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and detection with an ultraviolet wavelength of 370 nm. Regression analysis showed that the method was linear over a standard curve nmge from 5 ug/mL to 2000 g/mL. The inter-day precision and accuracy values between thc ranges were 5.0% or better and -7.5 to 5.2%, respectively. The newly developed method was applied to an analysis of gastric samples after oral administration of MTZ at a dose of 5 mg/kg. It was found that the residual MTZ in the stomach was determined within 5 h after dosing. This method is useful for monitoring MTZ in stomach after its oral administration to rats.

关键词： Metronidazole HPLC Homogenate Stomach Rat

深度学习图像重建算法对能谱CT单能量图像质量影响的体模研究

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宁夏医学杂志 2024年第1期46卷 16-19页

作者：赵艳红马保龙町田治彦沈云张晓文石骁萌苏治祥张涛宁夏回族自治区人民医院医学影像中心宁夏银川750002 GE中国CT研究中心北京100176 东京女子医科大学附属足立医院放射科日本东京123-8558 北方民族大学宁夏银川750002

目的探讨基于深度学习的图像重建算法(DLIR)对能谱CT单能量图像及能谱曲线图像质量的影响。方法将9支装有不同管径及不同浓度碘造影剂及水和钙溶液的聚丙烯试管放置在1个直径为20 cm的圆柱形聚丙烯体模(QSP)内,采用Revolution APEX C... 详细信息

目的探讨基于深度学习的图像重建算法(DLIR)对能谱CT单能量图像及能谱曲线图像质量的影响。方法将9支装有不同管径及不同浓度碘造影剂及水和钙溶液的聚丙烯试管放置在1个直径为20 cm的圆柱形聚丙烯体模(QSP)内,采用Revolution APEX CT对体模进行能谱CT成像,利用能谱分析软件重建出40~140 keV单能量图像及能谱曲线,选取碘造影剂浓度为3.75 mgI/mL(可模拟延迟期或实质脏器增强等)、15 mgI/mL(可模拟动脉期的腹主动脉)及Water(可模拟平扫期及囊肿、肌肉等用于图像背景的非增强物质)3支试管进行数据测量,分别在FBP、40%ASIR-V(常规临床检查参数)及True FidelityTM(DLIR-L、DLIR-M、DLIR-H)5组图像测量单能量图像(40 keV、70 keV、100 keV)的CT值,计算图像的信噪比(SNR),对比5组图像质量的差异。结果低浓度碘造影剂(3.75 mgI/mL)、高浓度碘造影剂(15.00 mgI/mL)及水试管内FBP、40%ASIR-V及True FidelityTM(DLIR-L、DLIR-M、DLIR-H)5组图像40 keV、70 keV、100 keV的CT值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。40 keV、70 keV、100 keV图像噪声及图像信噪比5组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。True FidelityTM下的噪声值均较FBP及40%ASIR-V降低,图像信噪比提高(P<0.05),True FidelityTM-DLIR-H噪声最小,信噪比最高。结论在能谱CT成像中,True FidelityTM较FBP及40%ASIR-V在单能量图像噪声降低,信噪比提高。

关键词：体模能谱体层摄影术 X线计算机深度学习图像质量

A comprehensive study on butanolysis of furfuryl alcohol to butyl levulinate using tungstated zirconia and sulfonated carbon catalysts

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2021年第1期4卷 111-121页

作者： Upender Rao Thuppati C.Choi H.machida K.Norinaga Department of Chemical Systems Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringNagoya UniversityAichi 464-8603Japan

This work presents the formation of butyl levulinate,a potential fuel additive,and an excellent renewable chemical obtained by the butanolysis of furfuryl alcohol(FAL)over a solid acid *** butanolysis of furfuryl alcohol reaction is a strong function of acidity for which tungstated zirconia(WO_(3)-ZrO_(2)),a robust solid acid catalyst,and a sulfonated carbon catalyst were employed to produce high yields of butyl levulinate targeting a lower initial molar ratio of butanol to FAL.A maximum of 28 mol%yield of butyl levulinate was obtained with tungstated zirconia *** prepared sulfonated carbon catalyst at high reaction temperatures facilitated the complete conversion of reaction intermediate,2-butoxymethylfuran(2-BMF)through which butyl levulinate was formed,and as high as 80 mol%of butyl levulinate yield was produced at an initial mole ratio of 8.5:1 of butanol to *** better results of sulfonated carbon catalyst could be attributed to the presence of-SO3H,carboxylic acid,and phenolic OH groups on the carbon surface.

关键词： Butanolysis Tungstated zirconia Sulfonated carbon And butyl levulinate

Pathological response measured using virtual microscopic slides for gastric cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第35期25卷 5334-5343页

作者： Sadayuki Kawai Tadakazu Shimoda Takashi Nakajima Masanori Terashima Katsuhiro Omae Nozomu machida Hirofumi Yasui Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology Shizuoka Cancer Center Sunto-gun 411-8777 Shizuoka Japan Division of Pathology Shizuoka Cancer Center Suntogun 411-8777 Shizuoka Japan Division of Gastric Surgery Shizuoka Cancer Center Nagaizumi 411- 0932 Shizuoka Japan Clinical Research Center Shizuoka Cancer Center Sunto-gun 411-8777 Shizuoka Japan Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Shizuoka Cancer Center Suntogun 411-8777 Shizuoka Japan

BACKGROUND Although pathological response is a common endpoint used to assess the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for gastric cancer, the problem of a low rate of concordance from evaluations among pathologists remains unresolved. Moreover, there is no globally accepted consensus regarding the optimal evaluation. A previous study based on a clinical trial suggested that pathological response measured using digitally captured virtual microscopic slides predicted patients’ survival well. However, the pathological concordance rate of this approach and its usefulness in clinical practice were unknown. AIM To investigate the prognostic utility of pathological response measured using digital microscopic slides in clinical practice. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated pathological specimens of gastric cancer patients who underwent NAC followed by surgery and achieved R0 resection between March 2009 and May 2015. Residual tumor area and primary tumor beds were measured in one captured image slide, which contained the largest diameter of the resected specimens. We classified patients with < 10% residual tumor relative to the primary tumorous area as responders, and the rest as non-responders;we then compared overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) between these two groups. Next, we compared the prognostic utility of this method using conventional Japanese criteria. RESULTS Fifty-four patients were evaluated. The concordance rate between two evaluators was 96.2%. Median RFS of 25 responders and 29 non-responders was not reached (NR) vs 18.2 mo [hazard ratio (HR)= 0.35, P = 0.023], and median OS was NR vs 40.7 mo (HR = 0.3, P = 0.016), respectively. This prognostic value was statistically significant even after adjustment for age, eastern cooperative oncology group performance status, macroscopic type, reason for NAC, and T- and Nclassification (HR = 0.23, P = 0.018). This result was also observed even in subgroup analyses for different macroscopic ty

关键词： Stomach neoplasm Neoadjuvant therapy Drug therapy Pathology Prognostic factor

Colon cancer arising from colonic diverticulum:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第13期7卷 1643-1651页

作者： Hajime Kayano Yusuhiko Ueda Takashi machida Shinichiro Hiraiwa Hidenori Zakoji Takuma Tajiri Masaya Mukai Eiji Nomura Department of Gastroenterological and General Surgery Tokai University Hachioji Hospital Tokyo Hachioji 192-0032 Japan Departments of Pathology Tokai University Hachioji Hospital Tokyo Hachioji 192-0032 Japan Departments of Urology Tokai University Hachioji Hospital Tokyo Hachioji 192-0032 Japan

BACKGROUND Colonic diverticulosis is a common disease, and the coexistence of colonic diverticulosis and colorectal cancer is often seen clinically. It is very rare that colon cancer arises from the mucosa of a colonic diverticulum. When colon cancer arises in a diverticulum and then tends to develop outside the wall, without developing within the lumen, the differential diagnosis from complicating lesions due to colonic diverticulitis is difficult. CASE SUMMARY A 76-year-old man was admitted to a nearby clinic with a chief complaint of discomfort and urinary frequency. Since a vesicosigmoidal fistula was seen on abdominal computed tomography, he was referred to our hospital. Laparoscopic sigmoidectomy was performed because the various diagnostic findings were diagnosed as a vesicosigmoidal fistula with diverticulitis of the sigmoid colon. However, on histopathological examination, it was diagnosed as a vesicosigmoidal fistula due to colon cancer arising in the diverticulum. Laparoscopic partial resection of the bladder was performed because local recurrence was observed in the bladder wall one and a half years after surgery. It is currently one year after reoperation, but there has been no recurrence or metastasis. CONCLUSION Colon cancer arising in a diverticulum of the colon should be considered when diverticulitis with complications is observed.

关键词： Colon cancer Diverticulum Colovesical fistula Laparoscopic surgery Diverticulitis Case report

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer with bulky lymph node metastasis:Five case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第18期8卷 4177-4185页

作者： Eiji Nomura Hajime Kayano Takashi machida Hideki Izumi Soichiro Yamamoto Akitomo Sugawara Masaya Mukai Terumitsu Hasebe Department of Gastroenterological and General Surgery Tokai University Hachioji HospitalHachioji 192-0032TokyoJapan Department of Radiology Tokai University Hachioji HospitalHachioji 192-0032TokyoJapan

BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy(NACRT)has not been accepted as a general therapy for gastric cancer because of its localized effect and toxicity for radiosensitive ***,if radiation therapy could compensate for the limited or inadequate treatment choices available for elderly patients and/or those at high risk,the available therapeutic options for advanced gastric cancer might *** this perspective,we present our experiences of five patients with advanced gastric cancer in whom we used NACRT therapy with interesting *** SUMMARY We admitted five patients with clinical Stage III gastric cancer and bulky lymph node metastasis or adjacent organ invasion at the time of diagnosis.A total of 50 Gy of preoperative intensity modulated radiation therapy was delivered to the patients in doses of 2.0 Gy/d,together with a regimen of concomitant chemotherapy comprising two courses of oral tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil(S-1;65 mg/m2 per day)for three consecutive weeks followed by two weeks of rest,starting at the same time as *** patients underwent no residual tumor resection and a pathological complete response of the primary tumors was achieved in two *** incidence of hematological toxicity was low,although the digestive toxicities of anorexia and diarrhea developed in three of the five patients,necessitating termination of radiation therapy at 30 Gy and S-1 at three ***,even 30 Gy of irradiation and half the dose of S-1 resulted in sufficient downstaging,indicating that even a reduced amount of NACRT could confer considerable *** Slightly reduced NACRT might be useful and safe for patients with locally advanced gastric cancer.

关键词： Advanced gastric cancer Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy Intensity modulated radiation therapy Tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil Curative resection Case report Gastrectomy

Short-term and long-term outcomes of corticosterone on developing hippocampus

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Short-term and long-term outcomes of corticosterone on devel...

ERK phosphorylation functions in invadopodia formation in tongue cancer cells in a novel silicate fibre-based 3D cell culture system

中国神经科学学会第四次会员代表大会暨第八届全国学术会议

作者： Takeo machida Department of Regulation Biology Faculty of ScienceSaitama UniversitySaitamaJapan

＜正＞Objective Many researches have found that corticosterone plays a negative role in brain function,especially in learning and memory ***,less evidence confirms its direct actions on hippocampal *** present study is to explore the effects of corticosterone on structure and function of developing *** Corticosterone deprivation by adrenalectomy was conducted on 5-week-old and 10-week-old mice for one week;minimum corticosterone was administered on 10-day mice for 3 days and 20 days *** in each group were tested in eight-arm radial maze test followed by brain sections prepared by Niss1-stained with cresyl violet and radioimmunoassay was used to detect plasma CORT ***（1） Adrenalectomy induced decrease of plasma corticosterone levels and caused impairment of learning performance and degenerative changes not in CA regions of hippocampus but in dentate gyrus.（2） Noteworthily,this damage effect is severer in 5-week-old mice than that in 10-week-old mice.（3） The short-term effect of minimum corticosterone administration may accelerate the development of dentate gyrus of 10-day-old mice.（4） Minimum corticosterone administration during infancy contributed to the learning performance and the structural integrity of hippocampal CA regions in different developing stages,while this phenomenon was not observed in dentate *** Corticosterone is necessary for the development of dentate gyrus,especially in relatively young individuals,and administration with minimum corticosterone in infancy has a long-term positive influence on the hippocampal structure and function in different developing stages.

关键词： glucocorticoid development learning and memory adrenalectomy infant mice

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International Journal of Oral Science 2018年第4期10卷 253-262页

作者： Masaharu Noi Ken-Ichi Mukaisho Saori Yoshida Shoko Murakami Shinya Koshinuma Takeshi Adachi Yoshisato machida Masashi Yamori Takahisa Nakayama Gaku Yamamoto Hiroyuki Sugihara Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shiga University of Medical Science Department of Pathology Division of Molecular Diagnostic PathologyShiga University of Medical Science Dental Oral Surgery Nagahama Red Cross Hospital

To screen for additional treatment targets against tongue cancer, we evaluated the contributions of extracellular signal-related kinase(ERK), AKT and ezrin in cancer development. Immunohistochemical staining showed that ERK and ezrin expressions were significantly higher in invasive squamous cell carcinoma than in carcinoma in situ. To investigate the roles of ERK and ezrin in cancer development, we used the non-woven silica fibre sheet Cellbedwith a structure resembling the loose connective tissue morphology in a novel 3 D culture system. We confirmed that the 3 D system using CellbedTMaccurately mimicked cancer cell morphology in vivo. Furthermore, cell projections were much more apparent in 3 D-cultured tongue cancer cell lines than in 2 D cultures. Typically, under conventional 2 D culture conditions, F-actin and cortactin are colocalized in the form of puncta within ***, in the 3 D-cultured cells, colocalization was mainly observed at the cell margins, including the projections. Projections containing F-actin and cortactin colocalization were predicted to be invadopodia. Although suppressing ezrin expression with small interfering RNA transfection caused no marked changes in morphology, cell projection formation was decreased, and the tumour thickness in vertical sections after 3 D culture was markedly decreased after suppressing ERK activity because both the invasion ability and proliferation were inhibited. An association between cortactin activation as well as ERK activity and invadopodia formation was detected. Our novel 3 D culture systems using Cellbed? are simple and useful for in vitro studies before conducting animal experiments. ERK contributes to tongue cancer development by increasing both cancer cell proliferation and migration via cortactin activation.

关键词： ERK phosphorylation functions in invadopodia formation in tongue cancer cells in a novel silicate fibre-based 3D cell culture sy HSC