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Synchronization-free all-solid-state laser system for stimulated Raman scattering microscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2016年第1期5卷 481-486页

作者： Tobias Steinle Vikas Kumar moritz Floess Andy Steinmann Marco Marangoni Claudia koch Christina Wege Giulio Cerullo Harald Giessen th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE University of StuttgartD-70569StuttgartGermany IFN-CNR Dipartimento di FisicaPolitecnico di MilanoPiazza Leonardo da Vinci 32I-20133MilanItaly Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems Dpt.of Molecular Biology and Plant VirologyUniversity of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 57D-70569StuttgartGermany

We introduce an extremely simple and highly stable system for stimulated Raman scattering(SRS)*** 8-W,450-fs Yb:KGW bulk oscillator with 41 MHz repetition rate pumps an optical parametric amplifier,which is seeded by a cw tunable external cavity diode *** output radiation is frequency doubled in a long PPLN crystal and generates 1.5-ps long narrowband pump pulses that are tunable between 760 and 820 nm with 450 mW average *** of the oscillator output is sent through an etalon and creates Stokes pulses with 100 mW average power and 1.7 ps *** demonstrate SRS microscopy at a 30-μs pixel dwell time with high chemical contrast,signal-to-noise ratio in excess of 45 and no need for balanced detection,thanks to the favorable noise properties of the bulk solid-state *** seeding intrinsically ensures low spectral *** discuss its application to chemical contrast microscopy of freshly prepared plant tissue sections at different vibrational bands.

关键词： label-free imaging stimulated Raman scattering optical parametric amplifier spectral compression

Isoperimetry of nilpotent groups

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Frontiers of Mathematics in China 2016年第5期11卷 1239-1258页

作者： moritz GRUBER Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany

This survey gives an overview of the isoperimetric properties of nilpotent groups and Lie groups. It discusses results for Dehn functions and filling functions as well as the techniques used to retrieve them. The cont... 详细信息

关键词： Nilpotent groups nilpotent Lie groups Dehn functions filling functions

Discovering plasticity models without stress data

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 857-866页

作者： moritz Flaschel Siddhant Kumar Laura De Lorenzis Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering ETH Zürich8092ZürichSwitzerland Department of Materials Science and Engineering Delft University of Technology2628 CDDelftThe Netherlands

We propose an approach for data-driven automated discovery of material laws,which we call EUCLID(Efficient Unsupervised Constitutive Law Identification and Discovery),and we apply it here to the discovery of plasticity models,including arbitrarily shaped yield surfaces and isotropic and/or kinematic hardening *** approach is unsupervised,i.e.,it requires no stress data but only full-field displacement and global force data;it delivers interpretable models,i.e.,models that are embodied by parsimonious mathematical expressions discovered through sparse regression of a potentially large catalog of candidate functions;it is one-shot,i.e.,discovery only needs one *** material model library is constructed by expanding the yield function with a Fourier series,whereas isotropic and kinematic hardening is introduced by assuming a yield function dependency on internal history variables that evolve with the plastic *** selecting the most relevant Fourier modes and identifying the hardening behavior,EUCLID employs physics knowledge,i.e.,the optimization problem that governs the discovery enforces the equilibrium constraints in the bulk and at the loaded boundary of the *** promoting regularization is deployed to generate a set of solutions out of which a solution with low cost and high parsimony is automatically *** virtual experiments,we demonstrate the ability of EUCLID to accurately discover several plastic yield surfaces and hardening mechanisms of different complexity.

关键词： stress plasticity selecting

Opioid receptors:single molecule studies shed light on mechanisms of efficacy

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第9期9卷 3555-3556页

作者： Cornelius Krasel moritz Bünemann Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Philipps-University MarburgMarburgGermany

In a study recently published in Nature,Zhao et al.1 investigate the conformational dynamics of theμ-opioid receptor(μOR).They found evidence for previously unknown conformations of this receptor which could eventually improve the therapy of severe ***μOR is the primary target of opioids,the most potent painkillers ***,their use is often complicated by undesirable side effects such as respiratory depression and addiction.

关键词： eventually conformational conformation

Spatial heterogeneity of flesh-cell osmotic potential in sweet cherry affects partitioning of absorbed water

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 2104-2113页

作者： Eckhard Grimm Daniel Pflugfelder Jan Hahn moritz Jonathan Schmidt Hendrik Dieckmann moritz Knoche Institut für Gartenbauliche Produktionssysteme Leibniz Universität HannoverAbteilung ObstbauHerrenhäuser Straße 2D-30419 HannoverGermany Forschungszentrum Jülich IBG-2:PflanzenwissenschaftenWilhelm-Johnen-StraßeD-52428 JülichGermany Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V. Hollerithallee 8D-30419 HannoverGermany

A fleshy fruit is commonly assumed to resemble a thin-walled pressure vessel containing a homogenous carbohydrate *** sweet cherry(Prunus avium L.)as a model system,we investigate how local differences in cell water potential affect H2O and D2O(heavy water)*** partitioning of H2O and D2O was mapped nondestructively using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).The change in size of mesocarp cells due to water movement was monitored by optical coherence tomography(OCT,non-destructive).Osmotic potential was mapped using microosmometry(destructive).Virtual sections through the fruit revealed that the H2O distribution followed a net pattern in the outer mesocarp and a radial pattern in the inner *** patterns align with the disposition of the vascular bundles.D2O uptake through the skin paralleled the acropetal gradient in cell osmotic potential gradient(from less negative to more negative).Cells in the vicinity of a vascular bundle were of more negative osmotic potential than cells more distant from a vascular *** revealed net H2O uptake was the result of some cells loosing volume and other cells increasing volume.H2O and D2O partitioning following uptake is non-uniform and related to the spatial heterogeneity in the osmotic potential of mesocarp cells.

关键词： potential Spatial bundle

Next generation in vitro primary hepatic cell test systems—their suitability as an alternative to in vivo testing?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第1期9卷 103-105页

作者： Ali Kermanizadeh Wolfgang moritz Heriot Watt University School of Engineering and Physical SciencesEdinburghUK InSphero SchlierenSwitzerland

To date traditional toxicity testing has relied heavily on in-life animal studies that are expensive and restrictive with regards to very important ethical implications. In addition, these studies often yield data that are not relevant to human exposures or biological responses due to intra-species variations, necessitating the requirement for further testing or candidate (drug) abandonment in late development stages. There is increasing global pressure from regulatory agencies, the general public, and the scientific community to develop in vitro alternatives for toxicity testing that can be utilized for mechanistic dose response hazard identification prior to embarking on small well designed and absolutely necessary in vivo studies.

关键词： testing vivo absolutely

Leveraging the potential of big genomic and phenotypic data for genome-wide association mapping in wheat

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 803-813页

作者： moritz Lell Yusheng Zhao Jochen C.Reif Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research(IPK) Corrensstraße 3D-06466 SeelandGermany

Genome-wide association mapping studies(GWAS)based on Big Data are a potential approach to improve marker-assisted selection in plant *** number of available phenotypic and genomic data sets in which medium-sized populations of several hundred individuals have been studied is rapidly *** these data and using them in GWAS could increase both the power of QTL discovery and the accuracy of estimation of underlying genetic effects,but is hindered by data heterogeneity and lack of *** this study,we used genomic and phenotypic data sets,focusing on Central European winter wheat populations evaluated for heading *** explored strategies for integrating these data and subsequently the resulting potential for *** interoperability between data sets was greatly aided by some overlapping genotypes and a linear relationship between the different phenotyping protocols,resulting in high quality integrated phenotypic *** this context,genomic prediction proved to be a suitable tool to study relevance of interactions between genotypes and experimental series,which was low in our *** to expectations,fewer associations between markers and traits were found in the larger combined data than in the individual experimental ***,the predictive power based on the marker-trait associations of the integrated data set was higher across data ***,the results show that the integration of medium-sized to Big Data is an approach to increase the power to detect QTL in *** results encourage further efforts to standardize and share data in the plant breeding community.

关键词： Big Data Genome-wide association study Data integration Genomic prediction Wheat

Localized bursting of mesocarp cells triggers catastrophic fruit cracking

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Horticulture Research 2019年第1期6卷 764-773页

作者： Eckhard Grimm Jan Hahn Daniel Pflugfelder moritz Jonathan Schmidt Dagmar van Dusschoten moritz Knoche Abteilung Obstbau Institut für Gartenbauliche ProduktionssystemeLeibniz Universität HannoverHerrenhäuser Straße 230419 HannoverGermany Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V. Hollerithallee 830419 HannoverGermany IBG-2:Grimm et al.Horticulture Research(2019)6:79 Page 9 of 10 Pflanzenwissenschaften Forschungszentrum JülichWilhelm-Johnen-Straße52428 JülichGermany

The so-called rain-cracking of sweet cherry fruit severely threatens commercial *** observation tells us that cuticular microcracking(invisible)always precedes skin macrocracking(visible).The objective here was to investigate how a macrocrack *** detached sweet cherry fruit in deionized water induces *** fruit in D2O and concurrent magnetic resonance imaging demonstrates that water penetration occurs only(principally)through the microcracks,with nondetectable amounts penetrating the intact *** coherence tomography of detached,whole fruit incubated in deionized water,allowed generation of virtual cross-sections through the zone of a developing *** mesocarp cell volume increased before macrocracks developed but increased at a markedly higher rate *** change in mesocarp cell volume occurred in a control zone distant from the *** water incubation continued,the cell volume in the crack zone decreased,indicating leaking/bursting of individual mesocarp *** incubation continued still longer,the crack propagated between cells both to form a long,deep *** mesocarp cell turgor did not differ significantly before and after incubation between fruit with or without macrocracks;nor between cells within the crack zone and those in a control zone distant from the *** cumulative frequency distribution of the logtransformed turgor pressure of a population of outer mesocarp cells reveals all cell turgor data followed a normal *** results demonstrate that microcracks develop into macrocracks following the volume increase of a few outer mesocarp cells and is soon accompanied by cell bursting.

关键词： markedly cracking continued

Opto-fluidically multiplexed assembly and micro-robotics

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 544-554页

作者： Elena Erben Weida Liao Antonio Minopoli Nicola Maghelli Eric Lauga moritz Kreysing Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics Dresden 01307Germany Center for Systems Biology Dresden 01307Germany Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems–Biological Information Processing.Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344Germany Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of CambridgeCambridge CB30WAUK

Techniques for high-definition micromanipulations,such as optical tweezers,hold substantial interest across a wide range of ***,their applicability remains constrained by material properties and laser *** while microfluidic manipulations have been suggested as an alternative,their inherent capabilities are limited and further hindered by practical challenges of implementation and *** we show that the iterative application of laser-induced,localized flow fields can be used for the relative positioning of multiple micro-particles,irrespectively of their material *** to the standing theoretical proposal,our method keeps particles mobile,and we show that their precision manipulation is non-linearly accelerated via the multiplexing of temperature stimuli below the heat diffusion *** resulting flow fields are topologically rich and mathematically *** represent unprecedented microfluidic control capabilities that are illustrated by the actuation of humanoid micro-robots with up to 30 degrees of freedom,whose motions are sufficiently well-defined to reliably communicate personal characteristics such as gender,happiness and *** results constitute high-definition micro-fluidic manipulations with transformative potential for assembly,micro-manufacturing,the life sciences,robotics and optohydraulically actuated micro-factories.

关键词： manipulation fluid assembly