Next generation in vitro primary hepatic cell test systems—their suitability as an alternative to in vivo testing?

作     者：Ali Kermanizadeh Wolfgang Moritz Ali Kermanizadeh;Wolfgang Moritz

作者机构：Heriot Watt UniversitySchool of Engineering and Physical SciencesEdinburghUK InSpheroSchlierenSwitzerland 

出 版 物：《Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition》 (肝胆外科与营养（英文）)

年 卷 期：2020年第9卷第1期

页      面：103-105页

核心收录：

学科分类：1004[医学-公共卫生与预防医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 1002[医学-临床医学] 0809[工学-电子科学与技术（可授工学、理学学位）] 08[工学] 

主　　题：testing vivo absolutely 

摘      要：To date traditional toxicity testing has relied heavily on in-life animal studies that are expensive and restrictive with regards to very important ethical implications. In addition, these studies often yield data that are not relevant to human exposures or biological responses due to intra-species variations, necessitating the requirement for further testing or candidate (drug) abandonment in late development stages. There is increasing global pressure from regulatory agencies, the general public, and the scientific community to develop in vitro alternatives for toxicity testing that can be utilized for mechanistic dose response hazard identification prior to embarking on small well designed and absolutely necessary in vivo studies.