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Physicochemical and Bacteriological Profile of Bilanko and Ngamakala Peat Bog Soils (Republic of Congo)

Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第8期15卷 842-862页

作者： Gatsé Elgie Viennechie Mboukou Kimbatsa Irène Marie Cecile Ignoumba Evariste Mesmin morabandza cyr jonas Nguimbi Etienne Laboratory of Microbiology Infectiology and Immunology ENS-UMNG Brazzaville Republic of Congo Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology FST-UMNG Brazzaville Republic of Congo Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Forest Ecology ENS-UMNG Brazzaville Republic of Congo

Peatlands are unique and complex natural ecosystems that are part of the most important carbon reservoirs on our planet, home to a diversity of microorganisms responsible for fermentation, humification or peat. The aim is to understand chemical and biological indicators of peatland soils. This work aims to determine the physicochemical and bacteriological profile and lipolytic activity of soil bacteria in Bilanko peatlands. The bacterial profile with the production of lipases is carried out by classical microbiology techniques. The results show that the soils are moderately acidic with temperatures of 27.8˚C ± 0.01˚C for Bilanko and 27.1˚C ± 0.57˚C for Ngamakala. The electroconductivity (EC) varies from (9.52 ± 0.002) μS/cm to (39.01 ± 1.4) μS/cm with low turbidity of (2.04 ± 0.66) mg/L to (31.02 ± 0.84) mg/L and low ion concentrations with, however, a richness in phenolic compounds for Bilanko compared to Ngamakala. FMAT diversity ranged from (1.71 ± 0.88)∙104 UFC/g to (2.92 ± 0.07)∙105 UFC/g for Bilanko and (1.30 ± 0.73)∙104 UFC/g to (2.89 ± 0.06)∙104 UFC/g for Ngamakala. Bacillus loads ranged from (5.20 ± 1.40)∙103 CFU/g to (1.22 ± 0.13)∙104 CFU/g and from (1.11 ± 0.13)∙104 CFU/g to (9.20 ± 2.05)∙103 CFU/g;enterobacteria loads from (1.40 ± 0.76)∙103 CFU/g to (8.80 ± 1.73)∙103 CFU/g and from (1.01 ± 0.02)∙103 CFU/g to (9.20 ± 2.05)∙103 CFU/g;in Pseudomonas from 0 to (2.30 ± 0.53)∙102 CFU/g and from 0 to (8.90 ± 2.35)∙102 CFU/g for Bilanko and Ngamakala respectively. These results reveal a variation in bacterial similarity and distribution in the Bilanko and Ngamakala peat bogs.

关键词： Bacteria Lipase Polyphenol Soil Peat Bog Republic of Congo

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Molecular Identification of Isolated Bacteria from Soils in Likouala Peat Bog Area, Republic of Congo

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2023年第6期13卷 263-274页

作者： Gatse Elgie Viennechie Mboukou Kimbatsa Irène Marie Cécile morabandza cyr jonas Mfoutou Mampanguy Claujeans Chastel Ifo Suspens Averti Nguimbi Etienne Laboratory of Microbiology Infectiology and Immunology ENS Université Marien NGOUABI Brazzaville Republic of Congo Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Université Marien NGOUABI Brazzaville Republic of Congo Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics Unit Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Republic of Congo Teledetection and Eorest Ecology Laboratory ENS Université Marien NGOUABI Brazzaville Republic of Congo

This study aimed to the molecular identification of isolated bacteria from the soils of Likouala (Congo-Brazzaville) peat bog area. Counting and isolation were carried out on Mossel and TSB media enriched with petroleum and vegetable oil;the amplification and sequencing of 16S RNA genes by PCR and Artic Oxford Nanopore Technology. The results showed bacterial loads of (5.81 ± 1.08) × 104;(6.64 ± 1.94) × 104 et (8.56 ± 1.19) × 103 CFU/g on Mossel respectively for samples 1, 2 and 3 against (2.12 ± 4.1) × 108 et (8.15 ± 10.1) × 107 CFU/g respectively on TSB enriched with petroleum and vegetable oil exclusively with sample 2. The analysis of the 16S rRNA of the isolates gene made it possible, after PCR, agarose gel electrophoresis, sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, to identify eight (08) strains with similarities of 99 to 100% whose sequences genes placed in GenBank have made it possible to obtain accession numbers corresponding to: Bacillus thuringiensis strain (ON303633);Bacillus cereus strain (ON350770);Bacillus thuringiensis strain (ON350771);Bacillus thuringiensis strain (ON738723);Priestia megaterium strain (ON738719);Bacillus anthracis strain (ON738720);Bacillus subtilis (ON738721);Enterobacter sp (ON738722). The phylogenetic classification of strains was done and revealed two genuses which are Bacillus and Enterobacteriaceae.

关键词： Bacteria Peat Bog Area PCR Sequencing 16S rRNA

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Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from “Mabokés” Smothered Fish in Brazzaville, Congo

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第8期8卷 138-148页

作者： morabandza cyr jonas Nguimbi Etienne Baloki Ngoulou Tarcisse Moyen Rachel Moussounda Milongo Lucien Jolivet Soloka Mabika Armel Faly Ngo-Itsouhou Christian Ahombo Gabriel Normal Superior School Marien NGOUABI University Brazzaville Republic of Congo Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Marien NGOUABI University Brazzaville Republic of Congo

The smothered fish samples were taken from 3 markets. They were grown on different selective and differentiated culture media to target groups of bacteria associated with food poisoning. Isolates were identified on the basis of cellular and colonial morphologies on selective and differentiated culture media, followed by susceptibility testing to certain families of antibiotics, in particular beta-lactams. This study showed that S. aureus and B. cereus had high levels of beta-lactam resistance. However, these strains were sensitive to kanamycin, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. The characteristic penicillinase phenotype was dominant in Gram-positive bacteria. Shigella spp, Salmonella spp and E. coli were resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. Tobramycin and meropenem retained their activity on all strains. Despite the increased rates of resistance observed, vancomycin, kanamycin, tobramycin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and norfloxacin can be used in the treatment of community-acquired infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria while meropenem and tobramycin for Shigella spp, Salmonella spp and E. coli infections.

关键词： Resistance Antibiotics Bacteria Smothered Fish

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Evaluation of Analgesic and Antipyretic Effects of the Aqueous Extract of the Leaves of Chenopodium ambrosioides L. (Amaranthaceae)

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第11期10卷 69-81页

作者： Elion Itou Romaric De Garde Etou Ossibi Arnaud Wilfrid Tchiama Loui-Marie Boukongo Roger Pavel Mambeke Hono Roger morabandza cyr jonas Abena Ange Antoine Animal Physiology Laboratory Faculty of Science and Technology Marien University Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo National Institute for Research in Health Sciences Scientific City of Brazzaville (Formerly ORSTOM) Brazzaville Congo Laboratory of Biochemistry and Pharmacology Faculty of Health Sciences University Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo Department of Natural Sciences Ecole Normale Supérieure Marien University Ngouabi Congo Brazzaville Congo

C. ambrosioides is a Congolese medicinal plant used in the treatment of several pathologies. This work was initiated to evaluate the analgesic and antipyretic effect of the aqueous extract of leaves of C. ambrosioides. Analgesic effect was evaluated by using the acetic acid-induced writhing, the Tilk Flick test as well as the pain induced by formaldehyde. The results obtained showed that the aqueous extract significantly reduces the number of abdominal writhes (p C. ambrosioides (400 and 600 mg/kg) compared to control group (saline water). This result suggests an antipyretic effect. Chemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavones and mucilage. The presence of alkaloids and flavones could explain the analgesic and antipyretic effects attributed to this aqueous extract.

关键词： Analgesic Antipyretic Medicinal Plant Chenopodium ambrosioides

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Antibiotics Resistance Profile of Bacillus cereus Strains Isolated from Soil and Pepper in Brazzaville

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第9期10卷 30-40页

作者： Isaac Samuel Onyankouang Nicole Prisca Makaya Dangui Nieko cyr jonas morabandza Moїse Doria Kaya-Ongoto Christoffer Pregna Mounkala Etienne Nguimbi Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo Laboratoire National de Santé Publique Brazzaville Congo Laboratoire de Microbiologie Infectiologie et Immunologie Ecole Normale Supérieure Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo

Introduction: Bacillus cereus and spores produced in various ecological niches are responsible for toxic infections in humans. This study is conducted to determine the antibiotics resistance profile of B. cereus strains isolated from soil and pepper consummated in Brazzaville. Methodology: An antimicrobial susceptibility test of 16 B. cereus strains from soil and peppers was performed using 11 antibiotics by the Kirby-Bauer’s diffusion on disc method. Results: Results revealed 100% (16/16) of resistance in penicillin G, amoxicillin, ceftazidime, rifampicin, and colistin, also 18.75% (3/16), 11.76% (2/16), and 18.75% (3/16) of resistance in doripenem, vancomycin and chloramphenicol respectively. In addition, we have observed 100% (16/16), 81.25% (13/16), 76.47% (13/16), 35.29% (5/16), 35.50% (6/16), and 12.5% (2/16) of sensitivity to line-zolid, tigecycline, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin, doripenem and chloram-phenicol respectively. However, all strains have been multidrug resistant (MDR) to betalactams, polypeptides, and ansamycins. Moreover, 7 strains (43.75%) have been variably multiresistant. One strain, Ri10 has been resistant to beta-lactams, polypeptides, ansamycins, cyclins and glycopeptides. No strain was ultraresistant (XDR) or largely insensitive (PDR) to different antibiotics. Conclusion: This study reveals that 51% of strains have been resistant to antibiotics, 32% are sensitive, and 17% have intermediate resistance. These results partly explain the high rate of gastroenteritis observed in Brazzaville due to food poisoning.

关键词： Antibiotics Resistance Bacillus cereus Soil Pepper

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Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF)-308G/A and Interleukin 8(IL-8)-251C/T Polymorphisms in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients from Congo

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Open Journal of Immunology 2023年第1期13卷 1-13页

作者： Faust René Okamba Prudence Spinelie Koumba Pambou Mandingha Kosso Etoka-Beka Brave Nzoussi Regis Gothard Bopaka cyr jonas morabandza Gabriel Ahombo Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of Congo Laboratory of Immunology National Institute of Health Science and Research (IRSSA) Brazzaville Republic of Congo Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of Congo

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the world’s deadliest infectious diseases. Tumor necrosis factor-Alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin 8 (IL-8) are involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary TB (PTB). However, the contribution of polymorphisms of these cytokines to PTB susceptibility needed more investigation across geographic regions and ethnic groups. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the TNF-α-308 G/A and IL-8-251T/A polymorphisms with PTB risk in the Congolese population. Methods: This case-control study included 150 PTB patients and 160 control subjects. Blood samples were collected from all participants and were used for the TNF-α-308 G/A and IL-8-251T/A genotyping by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated to estimate the potential polymorphism associations. A P level of Results: A significant difference was found between PTB patients and controls regarding the TNF-α-308AA genotype (P = 0.035) distribution. Moreover, this genotype was associated with risk to TB (OR = 7.19, 95% CI = 0.85 - 60.65, P = 0.035). The A allele was significantly more frequent in PTB patients than in controls, and was associated with risk to PTB (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.05 - 2.68, P = 0.014). Regarding the IL-8-251T/A gene, TA and AA genotypes were significantly more frequent in PTB patients compared to controls, and were associated with increased risk to PTB (OR = 2.64, 95% CI = 0.97 - 7.18, P = 0.031 and OR = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.13 - 7.98, P = 0.014, respectively). However, the IL-8-251 A allele was not associated to PTB susceptibility (OR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.15 - 0.44). Conclusion: TNF-α-308G/A and IL-8-251T/A polymorphisms may be associated to PTB susceptibility in the Congolese population, and the AA genotype of both cytokines could be a risk factor.

关键词： Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cytokine Polymorphism Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Interleukin-8 PCR-RFLP

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Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Metallo-Beta-Lactamase and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase among Enterobacteria Isolated at National Public Health Laboratory of Brazzaville

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Advances in Microbiology 2022年第6期12卷 363-377页

作者： Nicole Prisca Makaya Dangui Nieko cyr jonas morabandza Moїse Doria Kaya-Ongoto Duchel Jeanedvi Kinouani Kinavouidi Haman Judel Mikia Fabien Kangoula-Dia-Kikouidi-Kia-Louzala Fabien Roch Niama Service de Bactériologie Laboratoire National de Santé Publique Brazzaville Congo Laboratoire de Microbiologie Infectiologie et Immunologie Ecole Normale Supérieure Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo

The improper use of antimicrobials against infectious diseases has allowed microorganisms to develop defense mechanisms that give them insensitivity to these agents. All bacteria are concerned by this phenomenon. This work aimed to assess prevalence of beta-lactamase produced by enterobacterial isolates. Then, disc diffusion, double disc synergy test (DDST) and combined disc test (CDT) were respectively used for antimicrobial resistance, detection of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBL) and Metallo-Beta-Lactamases (MBL). bla genes were detected by PCR. A total of 132 enterobacterial strains were studied. Resistance to antibiotic families was observed with a greater frequency than 50%. Gentamicin was the least active beta-lactam antibiotic, with a resistance rate of 88%. 40.9% of strains show an ESBL phenotype and 16.6% were MBL. An overall prevalence of 74% (40/54) and respectively rates of 29.6%, 27.7% and 16.7% for blaSHV, blaCTX and blaTEM genes were observed. SHV, CTX, CTX/SHV/TEM, CTX/TEM, SHV/TEM and CTX/SHV were different ESBL genotypes observed. ESBL-producing enterobacteria isolation worried about the future of antimicrobial therapy in the Republic of Congo. This is a public health problem that requires careful monitoring and implementation of a policy of rational antibiotics use.

关键词： Enterobacteria Antibiotic Resistance Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases Metallo-Beta-Lactamases bla Genes

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