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Protection against Chemical Warfare Agents and Biological Threats Using Metal−Organic Frameworks as Active Layers

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Accounts of materials Research 2023年第2期4卷 168-179页

作者： Kaikai ma Yuk ha Cheung Kent O.Kirlikovali Xiaoliang Wang Timur Islamoglu John H.Xin Omar K.Farha International Institute for Nanotechnology Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwesternand Department of ChemistryNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinois 60208United States Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology School of Fashion and TextilesThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloon 999077 Hong Kong SARP.R.China

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic outbreak and the unfortunate misuse of toxic chemical warfare agents(CWAs)highlight the importance of developing functional materials to protect against these chemical and pathogen ***−organic frameworks(MOFs),which comprise a tunable class of crystalline porous materials built from inorganic nodes and organic linkers,have emerged as a class of heterogeneous catalysts capable of rapid detoxification of multiple classes of these harmful chemical or biological *** particular,zirconium-based MOFs(Zr-MOFs)feature Lewis acidic nodes that serve as active sites for a wide range of catalytic reactions,including the hydrolysis of organophosphorus nerve agents within seconds in basic aqueous *** addition,postsynthetic modification of Zr-MOFs enables the release of active species capable of reacting with and deactivating harmful *** this impressive performance,utilizing Zr-MOFs in powder form is not practical for application in masks or protective *** address this challenge,our team sought to develop MOF/fiber composite systems that could be adapted for use under realistic operating conditions to protect civilians,military personnel,and first responders from harmful pathogens and chemical warfare *** the last several years,our group has designed and fabricated reactive and biocidal MOF/fiber composites that effectively capture and deactivate these toxic *** this Account,we describe the evolution of these porous and reactive MOF/fiber composites and focus on key design challenges and ***,we devised a scalable method for the integration of Zr-MOFs onto textile substrates using aqueous precursor solutions and without using pretreated textiles,highlighting the potential scalability of this *** beyond standard textiles,we also developed a microbial synthesis strategy to prepare hierarchically porous MOF/bacterial cellulose nanofiber composite sponges that can both captu

关键词： composites protective porous

机器人辅助腹腔镜手术在复杂大子宫切除术中的应用探讨(附手术视频)

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机器人外科学杂志（中英文） 2024年第4期5卷 626-632页

作者：李博巍马少寒祁馨仪李贝陈修鑫张瑞琪刘淑曼刘聪哈春芳宁夏医科大学第一临床医学院宁夏银川750004 宁夏医科大学总医院妇科宁夏银川750004

目的:探讨机器人辅助腹腔镜手术在复杂大子宫切除术中的临床疗效及优势,为临床诊治过程提供个体化选择。方法:回顾性分析2021年4月—2023年11月就诊于宁夏医科大学总医院行子宫全切术的193例患者的临床资料,根据术式分为机器人组和腹腔... 详细信息

目的:探讨机器人辅助腹腔镜手术在复杂大子宫切除术中的临床疗效及优势,为临床诊治过程提供个体化选择。方法:回顾性分析2021年4月—2023年11月就诊于宁夏医科大学总医院行子宫全切术的193例患者的临床资料,根据术式分为机器人组和腹腔镜组,分别为82例和111例。根据两组患者的临床资料数据,统计分析患者一般资料、围手术期指标、并发症情况,以及大子宫人群和巨大子宫人群围手术期指标。结果:机器人组患者的术中出血量、术中输血率、术后胃肠功能恢复时间、术后住院时间、术后12 h VAS评分、术后并发症发生率均显著优于腹腔镜组,而两组患者在术中并发症发生率和手术时长方面,差异无统计学意义。在大子宫患者中,机器人组较腹腔镜组术中输血率降低,术后胃肠功能恢复时间缩短。在巨大子宫患者中,机器人组较腹腔镜组手术时长缩短,术中出血量减少,术中输血率降低,术后胃肠功能恢复时间缩短,术后住院时间增长。结论:机器人辅助腹腔镜下复杂大子宫切除术不仅可行、安全,而且有助于患者快速康复,值得在临床上进一步推广使用。

关键词：机器人辅助手术腹腔镜手术复杂大子宫子宫全切术

Melanoma of the rectum: A rare entity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第10期14卷 1633-1635页

作者： PM van Schaik MF Ernst ha Meijer K Bosscha Jeroen Bosch Hospital Department of Surgery 's-Hertogenbosch 5211 The Netherlands Jeroen Bosch Hospital Department of Pathology 's-Hertogenbosch 5211 The Netherlands

A 41-year-old man presented with a 6-mo history of changed defecation and rectal bleeding. A 3-cm polypoid tumor of the lower rectum was found at rectosigmoidos- copy, which proved to be a leiomyosarcoma upon biopsy. Dissemination studies did not show any metastases. He was underwent to an abdomino-perineal resection (APR). Histopathology of the specimen showed a melanoma (S-100 stain positive). Two years after the resection, me- tastases in the abdomen and right lung were found. He died one and half years later. Primary anorectal melano- ma is a rare and very aggressive disorder. According to current data, one should always perform a S-100 stain when anorectal sarcoma is suspected. A positive S-100 stain suggests the tumour to be most likely a melanoma. Subsequently, thorough dissemination studies need to be performed. Depending on the outcome of the dissemina- tion studies, a surgical resection has to be performed. Nowadays, a sphincter-saving local excision combined with adjuvant loco-regional radiotherapy should be pre- ferred in case of small tumors. The same loco-regional control is achieved with less "loss of function" compared to non-sphincter saving surgery. Only in the case of large and obstructing tumors an abdomino-perineal resection is the treatment of choice.

关键词： Melanoma Rectum Abdomino-perineal resection Cancer Surgery

A dual-route optical emission spectroscopy diagnostic with wide spectral range and high wavelength resolution on HL-2A tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第3期26卷 25-30页

作者：陈越高继昆龙婷聂林高金明马尧黄渊田文静刘延民朱晓东庄革钟武律许敏 School of Physical Sciences School of Nuclear Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026People's Republic of China Southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610041People's Republic of China Tsinghua University Beijing 100084People's Republic of China

A dual-route optical emission spectroscopy(D-OES)diagnostic is newly developed to monitor the optical emission from the X-point plasma region on the HL-2 A *** diagnostic is composed of an imaging system,a beam-splitting system for dual-route measurements,fiber bundles,a spectrometer system,and a control and acquisition *** route is used to obtain wide-spectral-range spectra,and the other route is used to acquire high-wavelengthresolution line *** spectral resolution of the wide-range spectrometers is 0.8 nm with a coverage of 800 nm(@200-1000 nm).The spectral resolution of the high-resolution spectrometer is 0.01 nm with a coverage of 6 nm(@200-660 nm).The spatial resolution of each route of D-OES is about 4 cm with 11 *** temporal resolution is 16 ms at maximum in the single-channel ***-range spectra(containing Balmer series and a Fulcher band)and highly resolved ha line shapes are obtained by D-OES in the hydrogen glow discharge in the lab.D-OES measurements are carried out in the high-density deuterium experiments of *** electron density n_(e)and deuterium temperature T_(D) in the X-point multifaceted asymmetric radiation from the edge(maRFE)region are derived simultaneously by fitting the measured D_(a) *** density n_(e)is observed to increase from~8.7×10^(18)m^(-3)to~7.8×10^(19)m^(-3),and the temperature T_(D)drops from~14.4 eV to~2.3 eV after the onset of maRFE in the discharge#38260.

关键词： optical emission spectroscopy Balmer series tokamak

The application of artificial intelligence to chest medical image analysis

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Intelligent Medicine 2021年第3期1卷 104-117页

作者： Feng Liu Jie Tang Jiechao ma Cheng Wang Qing ha Yizhou Yu Zhen Zhou Deepwise AI Lab Deepwise Inc.No.8 Haidian AvenueBeijing 100080China Department of Computer Science The University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong KongChina

The aim of this article is to review recent progress in the application of artificial intelligence to chest medical image *** lungs,bone,and mediastinum were included in terms of anatomy,while X-ray and computed tomography(CT),with and without contrast enhancement,were considered regarding imaging *** key components of deep learning were summarized,namely,network architectures,learning strategies,optimiza-tion methods,and vision ***-specific applications were discussed in detail with respect to the dimen-sion of the data input,network architecture,and modality:lung cancer,pneumonia,tuberculosis,pulmonary embolism,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,and interstitial lung disease for lung;traumatic fractures,os-teoporosis,osteoporotic fractures,and bone metastases for bone;and coronary artery calcification and aortic dissection for vascular ***,five promising research directions and possible solutions were presented for future work.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Deep learning Medical images Chest Lung Fracture Mediastinum

氟硒双掺羟基磷灰石涂层体外矿化性能及抗菌性能研究

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表面技术 2024年第18期53卷 210-218页

作者：王家琪白玉李婷高元明马文内蒙古工业大学材料科学与工程学院、内蒙古自治区薄膜与涂层重点实验室呼和浩特010051

目的制备一种具有抗菌能力和骨骼矿化能力的ha涂层,探究在Se/P(物质的量比)为0.15时,不同掺F量对涂层抗菌能力和矿化能力的影响。方法采用共沉淀法制备F、Se共掺羟基磷灰石悬浮液(Se-F-ha),经洗涤和过滤将其固含量调整至10%,通过悬浮液... 详细信息

目的制备一种具有抗菌能力和骨骼矿化能力的ha涂层,探究在Se/P(物质的量比)为0.15时,不同掺F量对涂层抗菌能力和矿化能力的影响。方法采用共沉淀法制备F、Se共掺羟基磷灰石悬浮液(Se-F-ha),经洗涤和过滤将其固含量调整至10%,通过悬浮液等离子喷涂技术(SPS),在医用金属钛表面沉积Se-F-ha涂层,通过XRD、XPS、SEM-EDS对涂层进行表征。以体外矿化实验和抗菌实验评价涂层矿化能力和抗菌能力。结果XRD表明3种涂层均为ha相,F、Se并未引起ha相变;EDS和XPS表明F、Se成功进入ha晶格,元素并未发生明显氧化。矿化实验表明,随着掺F量的增加,涂层失重减少,形成矿化层速率加快,磷灰石密度增加。矿化5 d后Se-1.5Fha涂层增重0.013 g/cm^(2),矿化后3种涂层Ca/(Se+P)(物质的量比)值均高于1.67,表明涂层表面吸附Ca^(2+)、PO_(4)^(3-),形成Ca/P(物质的量比)大于1.67的磷灰石层。抗菌实验表明,Se-F-ha涂层对细菌增殖起到明显的抑制作用。结论F、Se可以促进ha涂层的矿化,F可以有效降低Seha溶解度。Se-Fha涂层对金黄色葡萄球菌的增殖起到明显抑制作用,相较于ha组,Se-1.5Fha组细菌数量下降了近2个数量级,为骨缺损提供了具有良好抗菌能力和骨骼矿化能力的材料。

关键词：生物涂层氟硒双掺羟基磷灰石矿化性能矿化过程抗菌性能悬浮液等离子喷涂

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高原运动对认知功能的影响

心理科学进展 2024年第5期32卷 800-812页

作者：苏瑞王成志李昊马海林苏彦捷西藏大学高原脑科学与环境习服重点实验室拉萨850000 北京大学心理与认知科学学院行为与心理健康北京市重点实验室北京100091

高原地区低压低氧的环境特点,会给机体生理功能带来挑战,对认知表现产生影响。有氧运动能够增加神经可塑性,改善认知功能,但能否适用于高原环境,受认知任务类型、海拔高度、运动强度和暴露类型等因素的调节。目前用于解释高原运动影响... 详细信息

高原地区低压低氧的环境特点,会给机体生理功能带来挑战,对认知表现产生影响。有氧运动能够增加神经可塑性,改善认知功能,但能否适用于高原环境,受认知任务类型、海拔高度、运动强度和暴露类型等因素的调节。目前用于解释高原运动影响认知表现涉及的因素包括:脑氧合、神经营养因子、氧化应激与神经免疫。未来研究应关注不同运动类型和运动强度对高原移、世居人群的影响,并采用神经生理手段进一步探究高原运动对认知功能的影响机制,为开具“高原运动处方”提供依据。

关键词：高原高原运动认知功能调节因素作用机制

日常生活中的教派差异——关于甘肃临潭旧城伊斯兰教的人类学田野报告

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宗教学研究 2010年第3期 123-128页

作者：哈正利马威中南民族大学华中农业大学

本文在田野调查的基础上,描述了甘肃省临潭旧城回族内部在日常宗教实践中存在的区别,展现了地方社会内不同教派在服饰、婚姻策略、宗教生活、丧葬、纪念和墓地安排等方面的差异性,并分析了这些差异性在日常实践层面维系宗教群体延续的... 详细信息

本文在田野调查的基础上,描述了甘肃省临潭旧城回族内部在日常宗教实践中存在的区别,展现了地方社会内不同教派在服饰、婚姻策略、宗教生活、丧葬、纪念和墓地安排等方面的差异性,并分析了这些差异性在日常实践层面维系宗教群体延续的作用。同时指出,教派作为人为性的一种社会建构,在社会实践中一旦获得承认,并具有合法延续的可能性时,其教派特征就会在日常生活的不同层面上表达出来。所有这些表达都是宗教群体集体认同的体现,也是日常实践中区分"我群"和"他群"意识的体现,其价值目标还是在于使宗教群体得以延续。

关键词：伊斯兰教宗教生活教派差异日常实践

改良无充气经口腔前庭腔镜甲状腺手术14例临床分析

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中国现代普通外科进展 2024年第2期27卷 146-150页

作者：刘岩岩马小鹏音正浪蒋媛媛李珂珂张洋陈浩浩安徽医科大学第三附属医院甲乳外科安徽合肥230061 中国科学技术大学附属第一医院甲乳外科安徽合肥230000

探讨改良无充气经口腔前庭入路腔镜甲状腺手术(TOETVA)的安全性及可行性。回顾性分析2020年8月至2022年5月在安徽医科大学第三附属医院甲状腺乳腺外科接受改良无充气TOETVA手术的14例病例资料。记录手术时间、住院时间、出血量、术后引... 详细信息

探讨改良无充气经口腔前庭入路腔镜甲状腺手术(TOETVA)的安全性及可行性。回顾性分析2020年8月至2022年5月在安徽医科大学第三附属医院甲状腺乳腺外科接受改良无充气TOETVA手术的14例病例资料。记录手术时间、住院时间、出血量、术后引流量、美观满意度及术后并发症发生率。结节性甲状腺肿4例,单侧甲状腺乳头状癌10例。1例行单侧腺叶大部切除,3例行单侧腺叶切除,10例行单侧甲状腺癌根治。良性手术平均时间(179.75±69.66)min;单侧癌根治术平均时间(219.90±105.28)min,平均出血量(11.43±6.91)mL,平均淋巴结清扫数目(7.00±5.01)个,平均淋巴结转移数目(1.10±1.37)个,淋巴结转移率15.71%(11/70)。术后所有患者无出血、感染发生;1例出现饮水呛咳,术后1周恢复;均无声音嘶哑改变;1例出现暂时性甲状腺旁腺功能减退,5例出现暂时性下颌皮肤麻木感,均于术后2月内恢复。所有患者术后3月颈部皮肤僵硬感明显改善。改良无充气TOETVA安全可行,对有美容需求的甲状腺疾病患者是一种较好的选择。

关键词：甲状腺切除术腔镜无充气经口腔前庭入路