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Research 2024年第2期2024卷 55-79页

作者： Yang Yang Lee zaini Abdul Halim mohd Nadhir Ab Wahab Tarik Adnan Almohamad School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universiti Sains MalaysiaNibong Tebal 14300 Penang Malaysia School of Computer Sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaGelugor11800 PenangMalaysia Electrical-Electronics Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringKarabuk University78050 KarabukTurkiye

Stochastic computing(SC)has a substantial amount of study on application-specific integrated circuit(ASIC)design for artificial intelligence(AI)edge computing,especially the convolutional neural network(CNN)***,SC has little to no optimization on field-programmable gate array(FPGA).Scaling up the ASIC logic without FPGA-oriented designs is inefficient,while aggregating thousands of bitstreams is still challenging in the conventional *** research has reinvented several FPGA-efficient 8-bit SC CNN computing architectures,i.e.,SC multiplexer multiply-accumulate,multiply-accumulate function generator,and binary rectified linear unit,and successfully scaled and implemented a fully parallel CNN model on Kintex7 *** proposed SC hardware only compromises 0.14%accuracy compared to binary computing on the handwriting Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology classification task and achieved at least 99.72%energy saving per image feedforward and 31?more data throughput than modern *** to SC,early decision termination pushed the performance baseline exponentially with minimum accuracy loss,making SC CNN extremely lucrative for AI edge computing but limited to classification *** SC's inherent noise heavily penalizes CNN regression performance,rendering SC unsuitable for regression tasks.

关键词： hardware Highly rendering

Nutritional and therapeutic benefits of coconut milk and its potential as a plant-based functional yogurt alternative: a review

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Gengghatarani Gengan Nurul Solehah mohd zaini Nazamid Saari Anis Shobirin Meor Hussin Ahmad Haniff Jaafar Hanan Hasan Elicia Jitming Lim Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar Muhamad Hafiz Abd Rahim Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory Institute of Biological Sciences Faculty of Science Universiti Malaya Faculty of Food Science and Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of Sydney

Plant-based milks are on the rise due to an increased awareness of their sustainability and health benefits. Currently， dairy milk is the most nutritionally complete beverage， but it suffers from the presence of indigestible lactose and allergenic proteins. Coconut milk has been around for a long time， but its application is limited due to a perceived lack of specific nutrients， high saturated fat levels， and low acceptability. Recent evidence indicates， however， that the saturated fat and other plant-based components found in coconut milk are good for metabolic outcomes and brain health. The conversion of coconut milk to yoghurt will further improve its functionality by boosting its existing nutritional qualities. In this article， the nutritional value of coconut milk， as well as its potential downsides， its application as yoghurt， and suggestions for enhancing its nutritional functionality will be examined.

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Water Quality, Climatic and Plant Traits as Predictors on Abundance of Insects in Paddy Field, Tanjung Karang, Selangor, Malaysia

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2014年第8期4卷 641-651页

作者： Norazliza Rosly mohd rasdi zaini Fauziah Ismail Fairuz Khalid Ismail Rakibe Faculty of Plantation & Agrotechnology Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam 45400 Malaysia Faculty of Plantation & Agrotechnology Universiti Teknologi MARA Melaka 77300 Malaysia

The abundance of beneficial insects in the paddy field can be influenced by the abundance of insect pests, water parameters, climatic factors and plant traits. This study was conducted to determine effects of water parameters, climatic factors and plant traits on abundant insects. Findings of the studies showed that there were significant correlations between all beneficial insects in paddy field and water parameters tested, namely, water temperature, salinity, turbidity, pH, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, ammonia and total suspended solids. Moreover, the selected water parameters of water temperature, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand were good predictors for abundant beneficial insects in paddy field at Sungai Burong, specifically for insects of sub-orders Anisoptera and Zygoptera, and insects from families Gerridae and Coccinellidae. The plant height, insect pest, temperature, rainfall and humidity were found to be good predictors on the abundance of beneficial insects; nevertheless, the R2 value of multiple regression models was relatively low due to significant relationship between water parameters and insects. Consideration factors of water parameters, climatic factors and plant traits were strongly correlated with those parameters and abundance of insects in the paddy field at Sungai Burong, Tanjung Karang, Selangor.

关键词：水质参数气候因素预测因子植物性状昆虫稻田马来西亚生物需氧量

Prediction of Whitefly Population and Infestation Based on Multitrophic Analysis between Competitor Pest,Plant Traits and Natural Enemy

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2019年第5期9卷 294-309页

作者： mohd rasdi zaini Noor Shuhaina Shaikh Mazran Che Salmah Md Rawi Alshami Salman Department of Entomology Faculty of Plantation and AgrotechnologyUniversity Teknologi MARA(UiTM)Cawangan Melaka Campus JasinMelaka 77300Malaysia Department of Entomology Faculty of Plantation and AgrotechnologyUniversity Teknologi MARA(UiTM)Shah Alam 45400Malaysia School of Biological Sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaPenang 11800Malaysia

Interaction among arthropods(insect-acarine)was investigated at all trophic levels in agro-ecosystem and affects the population dynamic and diversification of arthropod pests and intensity of natural enemy(parasitism)as well as stimulates the plant chemical *** the present study of two cropping periods,nutrient concentration and early infestation of plant-sucking pests are known to trigger different degrees of interactions(plant’s parameters)which potentially alert abundance and diversity of the insect *** interaction and magnitude of impact could be assessed(multivariate analysis of variance(MANOVA)and redundancy analysis(RDA))and observed between arthropods(insect-acarine)community and plants’parameters from the strongest to the lowest *** two factors could have affected the community of insect-pests with various degrees of pressure effect and interaction that occurred naturally,thus leading to the predictable abundance of insect-acarine populations under eggplant leaves in response to plant physical characteristics(e.g.,size of leaves,number of leaves and plant height)and biochemical constituents(flavonoid,phenolic,peroxidase andβ-1,3-glucanase).Based on multivariate analyses of multitrophic interaction,MANOVA and RDA have the potential to elucidate the complex interaction among plant performance,abundance of pests and activity chemical defence *** analyses interpreted similar interactions of measured parameters in different *** population in this study was predictable by aphids,thrips and total phenolic contents in *** has capable defence systems against insect-acarine pests after stimulation(pre-infestation).In relation to IPM strategy,early stages of plant growth are known as susceptible periods for pests attack but the plant becomes more tolerant during the fruiting stage.

关键词： Multitrophic insect interaction whitefly aphids thrips and eggplant

Toxicity of selected insecticides against nymph of whitefly （Bemisia tabaci Gennadius）

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 2009年第4期3卷 32-39页

作者： Hazmi Awang Damit Fauziah Ismail Low Seng Mook Siti Noor Hajjar Md Latip mohd rasdi zaini Fairuz Khalid Kamaruzaman Jusoff Faculty of Applied Science Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor 40450 Malaysia Faculty of Applied Science Universiti Teknologi MARA Pahang 40450 Selangor 40450 Malaysia Department of Forest Production Faculty of Forestry Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor 43400 Malaysia

Adsorption Isotherm and Kinetic Study of Methane on Palm Kernel Shell-Derived Activated Carbon

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2023年第1期8卷 66-77页

作者： mohd Saufi Md zaini Muhammad Arshad Syed Shatir A.Syed-Hassan School of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan TerengganuKampus Bukit BesiDungun 23200Malaysia Department of Basic Science Jhang-Campus University of Veterinary and Animal ScienceLahore 35200Pakistan School of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MARAShah Alam 40450Malaysia

Activated carbon(AC)was synthesized from palm kernel shell(PKS)using different activating agents,i.e.,steam,carbon dioxide(CO 2),and CO 2-steam,in order to analyze the impact of acti-vating agents on the pore opening of *** this study,AC produced from PKS was found to have great potential as an adsorbent for methane *** different molecular diffusivity and reac-tivity of the combination of CO 2 and steam succeeded in producing AC with the highest burn-offof 78.57%,a surface area of 869.82 m 2/g,a total pore volume of 0.47 cm 3/g,and leading to maximum methane gas adsorption capacity of 4.500 mol/*** types of ACs exhibited the best fit with the Freundlich isotherm model,with the correlation coefficient(R 2)ranging from 0.997 to 0.999,indicating the formation of multilayer *** addition,the adsorption kinetic data for all ACs followed the pseudo-first-order model showing that the rate of adsorption was dependent on both the adsorbent and the adsorbate and was governed primarily by physical ad-sorption between the pore surface and methane *** results of intraparticle diffusion model indicated that the adsorption of methane was affected by both pore diffusion and exterior layer diffusion due to the different adsorption rates.

关键词： Palm kernel shell Activated carbon Methane adsorption Kinetic model Isotherm model

Development of Knowledge,Attitude and Practice Questionnaire for age-related macular degeneration patients

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第4期16卷 589-600页

作者： mohd Harimi Abd Rahman Prashanti Amirtharatnam Sharanjeet Sharanjeet-Kaur Sumithira Narayanasamy Hanif Farhan mohd rasdi Mae-Lynn Catherine Bastion Optometry and Vision Science Programme Center for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies(iCaRehab)Faculty of Health SciencesUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala Lumpur 53000Malaysia Optometry and Vision Science Programme Center for Community Health Studies(Reach)Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala Lumpur 53000Malaysia Occupational Therapy Programme Center for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies(iCaRehab)Faculty of Health SciencesUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala Lumpur 53000Malaysia Ophthalmology Department Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala Lumpur 56000Malaysia

AIM:To develop and validate a questionnaire to evaluate knowledge,attitude and practice of patients diagnosed with age-related macular degeneration(AMD)who have undergone intravitreal injection ***:This study was conducted among patients diagnosed with AMD in Kuala *** generation of the instrument included four phases which included item and domains development,content,face validity and exploratory factor *** validity and modified Kappa was used for validation of knowledge *** factor analysis was used for validation of both attitude and practice *** validity was conducted in 12 patients,content validity was ascertained in 120 patients and test-retest reliability was determined in 39 patients with ***:Content validity index(CVI)and modified kappa showed excellent values for most items in the knowledge domain with CVI for item(I-CVI)values between 0.78-1.0 and Kappa values of>*** Kaiser-MeyerOlkin(KMO)sampling adequacy showed acceptable scores of 0.70 and 0.75 for both attitude and practice domains respectively and Bartlett’s Test of sphericity were significant(χ^(2)=0.00,P0.70 and good test-retest *** final version of the questionnaire consisted of 93 items from four sections consisting of demographic details,knowledge,attitude and ***:The findings of this validation and reliability study show that the developed questionnaire has a satisfactory psychometric property for measuring KAP of patients diagnosed with AMD undergoing intravitreal injection treatment.

关键词： knowledge attitudes practice age-related macular degeneration instrument development

Energy Emissions Profile and Floating Solar Mitigation Potential for a Malaysia’s State

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地球与环境科学(英文) 2023年第2期5卷 50-60页

作者： Suraya Nabilah zaini Azlin mohd Azmi Annie Syazrin Ismail School of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Mara(UiTM)Shah Alam Selangor40450Malaysia Solar Research Institute(SRI) Universiti Teknologi MARA(UiTM)Shah AlamSelangor40450Malaysia Jabatan Perancangan Majlis Bandaraya Shah AlamWisma MBSAPersiaran PerbandaranShah AlamSelangor40000Malaysia

The establishment of the National Low Carbon City Master Plan(NLCCM)by Malaysia’s government presents a significant opportunity to minimize carbon emissions at the subnational or local scales,while simultaneously fostering remarkable economic ***,the lack of data management and understanding of emissions at the subnational level are hindering effective climate policies and planning to achieve the nationally determined contribution and carbon neutrality *** is an urgent need for a subnational emission inventory to understand and manage subnational emissions,particularly that of the energy sector which contribute the biggest to Malaysia’s *** research aims to estimate carbon emissions for Selangor state in accordance with the Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories(GPC),for stationary energy *** study also evaluates the mitigation potential of Floating Solar Photovoltaic(FSPV)proposed for *** was found that the total stationary energy emission for Selangor for the year 2019 was 18,070.16 ktCO2e,contributed the most by the Manufacturing sub-sector(40%),followed by the Commercial and Institutional sub-sector;with 82%contribution coming from the Scope 2 *** highest sub-sector of Scope 1 emissions was contributed by Manufacturing while Scope 2 emissions from the Commercial and ***,the highest fuel consumed was natural gas,which amounted to 1404.32 ktCO2e(44%)of total *** FSPV assessment showed the potential generation of 2.213 TWh per year,by only utilizing 10%of the identified available ponds and dams in Selangor,equivalent to an emission reduction of 1726.02 ktCO2e,offsetting 11.6%Scope 2 electricity *** results from the study can be used to better evaluate existing policies at the sub-national level,discover mitigation opportunities,and guide the creation of future policies.

关键词： Greenhouse gas emission Floating solar GPC protocol Stationary energy Low carbon state

Hypoglycemic and anti-hyperglycemic study of Ocimum tenuiflorum *** extract in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第12期6卷 1029-1036页

作者： Leila Mousavi Rabeta mohd Salleh Vikneswaran Murugaiyah mohd zaini Asmawi Food Technology Division School of Industrial TechnologyUniversiti Sains Malaysia Discipline of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversiti Sains Malaysia

Objective:To investigate the antidiabetic activity of Ocimum tenuiflorum L.(***) leaves used in the traditional medicine management of diabetes in ***:*** leaves were extracted sequentially with hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate,methanol,and *** extracts were evaluated in terms of antidiabetic activity by using acute,subcutaneous glucose tolerance,and sub-chronic tests in streptozotocininduced diabetic *** extracts were also subjected to phytochemical ***:With an acute dose(1 g/kg),the methanol extracts showed significant reduction(31%) in fasting blood glucose(FBG) of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic *** FBG-decreasing effect of ethyl acetate extract was more rapid than that of the other extracts;the decreasing rates were 20%after 2 h,21%after 3 h,and 8%after 5 and 7 *** 7 h(31%),the effect of methanol extract on FBG was significantly lower than that of *** the subcutaneous glucose tolerance test,only methanol and hexane extracts showed the similarity of metformin in diabetic *** 14 days,the effects of these extracts were similar to those of metformin(63.33%).The total flavonoid and phenolic contents of extracts decreased as the polarity of the extraction solvent ***:The results obtained provide support for a possible use of *** leaves in managing hyperglycemia and preventing the complications associated with it in type 2 diabetic.

关键词： Ocimum tenuiflorum L. Streptozotocin-induced diabetes Antidiabetic Fasting blood glucose Subcutaneous glucose tolerance test Phytochemical analysis

A review on promising phytochemical, nutritional and glycemic control studies on Moringa oleifera Lam. in tropical and sub-tropical regions

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第10期6卷 896-902页

作者： Hafiz Irfan Muhammad mohd zaini Asmawi Nurzalina Abdul Karim Khan Discipline of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Sargodha Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia

Plants have provided sources to find novel compounds. These plants are being used as therapeutic purposes since the birth of mankind. The traditional healers normally utilize medicinal plants as crude drugs while scientists using the folk claim as guides to explore medicinal plants. Moringa oleifera is a famous edible plant having therapeutic and nutritive values. The present study was designed to cumulate the research data regarding to what extent, phytochemical, nutritional and glycemic control studies has been explored using its different extracts. The articles indicated that the powder, aqueous, methanol and ethanol extracts of Moringa oleifera(leaves, pods, seeds, stem and root bark) have significant therapeutic herbal potential to treat diabetes mellitus. Collectively, the mechanism behind is intestinal glucose inhibition, insulin release as well as decrease in insulin resistance probably regeneration of b-cells of pancreas, increase in glutathione and reduction in malondialdehyde. Conclusively, this article give descriptive information about antidiabetic effect, claimed marker compounds and proposed antihyperglycemic mechanism of a single plant. It can be suggested a potential herbal source to treat diabetes mellitus as being widely accepted by major population as nutrition and therapeutic agent.

关键词： Antihyperglycemic Aqueous Ethanol Moringa oleifera Antidiabetic