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撒哈拉以南非洲的创新与经济增长：分析现有体系的影响和挑战

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撒哈拉以南非洲的创新与经济增长：分析现有体系的影响和挑战

作者： ABUBAKARI sadiq mohammed 中国科学技术大学

学位级别：硕士

科学,技术和创新(STI)已经逐步被很多撒哈拉以南的非洲国家视为推动经济发展和提高生活水平的重要动力。结果显示,创新是被大家所接受的,但是制度上的弱点阻碍了所需结果的产生。本文旨在探讨撒哈拉以南非洲地区的创新与发展之间的关系... 详细信息

科学,技术和创新(STI)已经逐步被很多撒哈拉以南的非洲国家视为推动经济发展和提高生活水平的重要动力。结果显示,创新是被大家所接受的,但是制度上的弱点阻碍了所需结果的产生。本文旨在探讨撒哈拉以南非洲地区的创新与发展之间的关系,同时考虑到制度的作用和其他因素。本文主要关注撒哈拉以南非洲地区的国家,不包括北非和中东。部分内容也会涉及到西方某些国家和新兴经济体的比较。本文在考虑制度作用的基础上,提出了创新与国家发展的表面关系的框架。本文探讨了发展中经济体通过科学技术顺利启动创新驱动的因素。本文从创新和发展的角度出发,采用了严谨的文献分析方法。通过各种概念和构造的综合运用得到了一个关于发展的涉及三方面的概念框架。研究结果显示,创新需要一个完善的制度框架,并将其应用于社会效益。本文实质上是强调了制度是驱动创新的推动者,只有高效、充满活力的制度设置才能实现这一利益。该框架将为科学、技术和创新议程的理论、研究和实践作出贡献,从而丰富关于创新和发展的论述。

关键词：创新撒哈拉以南的非洲国家政策科学、技术和创新(STI) 发展创业学

MoBShield:A Novel XML Approach for Securing Mobile Banking

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2123-2149页

作者： Saeed Seraj Ali Safaa sadiq OmprakashKaiwartya Mohammad Aljaidi Alexandros Konios mohammed Ali mohammed Abazeed Department of Computer Science Nottingham Trent UniversityClifton LaneNottinghamNG118NSUK Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information TechnologyZarqa UniversityZarqa13110Jordan Department of Computer Science King Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia

Mobile banking security has witnessed significant R&D attention from both financial institutions and *** is due to the growing number of mobile baking applications and their reachability and usefulness to ***,these applications are also attractive prey for cybercriminals,who use a variety of malware to steal personal banking *** literature in mobile banking security requiresmany permissions that are not necessary for the application’s intended security *** this context,this paper presents a novel efficient permission identification approach for securing mobile banking(MoBShield)to detect and prevent malware.A permission-based dataset is generated for mobile banking malware detection that consists large number of malicious adware apps and benign apps to use as training *** dataset is generated from 1650 malicious banking apps of the Canadian Institute of Cybersecurity,University of New Brunswick and benign apps from Google Play.A machine learning algorithm is used to determine whether amobile banking application ismalicious based on its permission ***,an eXplainable machine learning(XML)approach is developed to improve trust by explaining the reasoning behind the algorithm’s *** evaluation tests that the approach can effectively and practically identify mobile banking malware with high precision and reduced false ***,the adapted artificial neural networks(ANN),convolutional neural networks(CNN)and XML approaches achieve a higher accuracy of 99.7%and the adapted deep neural networks(DNN)approach achieves 99.6%accuracy in comparison with the state-of-the-art *** promising results position the proposed approach as a potential tool for real-world scenarios,offering a robustmeans of identifying and thwarting malware inmobile-based banking ***,MoBShield has the potential to significantly enhance the security and trustworthiness of

关键词： Security malware detection deep learning convolutional neural networks deep neural networks

Slicing-Based Enhanced Method for Privacy-Preserving in Publishing Big Data

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 3665-3686页

作者： mohammed BinJubier Mohd Arfian Ismail Abdulghani Ali Ahmed Ali Safaa sadiq Faculty of Computing Universiti Malaysia PahangKuantanPahangMalaysia School of Computer Science and Informatics De Montfort UniversityLeicesterLE19BHUnited Kingdom School of Engineering Computing and Mathematical SciencesUniversity of WolverhamptonWulfruna Street WolverhamptonWV11LYUnited Kingdom

Publishing big data and making it accessible to researchers is important for knowledge building as it helps in applying highly efficient methods to plan,conduct,and assess scientific ***,publishing and processing big data poses a privacy concern related to protecting individuals’sensitive information while maintaining the usability of the published *** anonymization methods,such as slicing and merging,have been designed as solutions to the privacy concerns for publishing big ***,the major drawback of merging and slicing is the random permutation procedure,which does not always guarantee complete protection against attribute or membership ***,merging procedures may generatemany fake tuples,leading to a loss of data utility and subsequent erroneous knowledge *** study therefore proposes a slicingbased enhanced method for privacy-preserving big data publishing while maintaining the data *** particular,the proposed method distributes the data into horizontal and vertical *** lower and upper protection levels are then used to identify the unique and identical attributes’*** unique and identical attributes are swapped to ensure the published big data is protected from disclosure *** outcome of the experiments demonstrates that the proposed method could maintain data utility and provide stronger privacy preservation.

关键词： Big data big data privacy preservation anonymization data publishing

Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Multi Standard Wireless and Mobile Communication Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第8期68卷 2563-2578页

作者： Ikhlas Ahmad Haris Dildar Wasi Ur Rehman Khan sadiq Ullah Shakir Ullah Mahmoud AAlbreem mohammed HAlsharif Peerapong Uthansakul Department of Telecommunication Engineering University of Engineering&TechnologyMardan23200Pakistan Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering A’Sharqiyah UniversityIbra 400Oman Department of Electrical Engineering College of Electronics and Information EngineeringSejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea School of Telecommunication Engineering Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhon RatchasimaThailand

In this paper,low profile frequency reconfigurable monopole antenna is designed on FR-4 substrate with a compact size of 30 mm^(3)×20 mm^(3)×1.6 mm^(3).The antenna is tuned to four different modes through three pin diode *** Mode 1(SW1 to SW3=OFF),antenna covers a wideband of 3.15–8.51 *** Mode 2(SW1=ON,SW2 to SW3=OFF),the proposed antenna resonates at 3.5 *** antenna shows dual band behavior and covers 2.6 and 6.4 GHz in Mode 3(SW1 and SW2=ON,SW3=OFF).The same antenna covers three different bands of 2.1,5 and 6.4 GHz when operating in Mode 4(SW1 to SW3=ON).The proposed antenna has good radiation efficiency ranges from 70%∼84%,providing adequate average gain of 2.05 dBi in mode 1,1.87 dBi in mode 2,1.4–1.75 dBi in mode 3 and 1.05–1.56 dBi in mode *** achieved impedance bandwidths at respective frequencies ranges from 240 to 5000 *** Voltage Standing Waves Ratio(VSWR)of less than 1.5 is achieved for all operating *** validate the simulation results,the proposed antenna is fabricated and experimentally tested in antenna measurement *** to its reasonably small size and support of multiple bands operation,the proposed antenna can be used in modern communication systems for supporting various applications such as fifth generation(5G)mobile and wireless local area networks(WLAN).

关键词： Reconfigurable antenna pin diode communication systems 5G WLAN

Industry 4.0: Architecture and Equipment Revolution

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第2期66卷 1175-1194页

作者： Ahmed Bashar Fakhri Saleem Latteef mohammed Imran Khan Ali Safaa sadiq Basem Alkazemi Prashant Pillai Bong Jun Choi Department of Medical Instrumentation Techniques Engineering Electrical Engineering Technical CollegeMiddle Technical UniversityBaghdadIraq Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and Technology PeshawarPeshawarPakistan School of Mathematics and Computer Science University of WolverhemptonWulfruna StreetWolverhemptonUK Center of Artificial Intelligence Research and Optimization Torrens UniversityBrisbaneAustralia Department of Computer Science College of Computer&Information SystemsUmm Al-Qura UniversityMeccaSaudi Arabia School of Computer Science and Engineering Soongsil UniversitySeoulSouth Korea

The development of science and technology has led to the era of Industry *** core concept is the combination of“material and informationization”.In the supply chain and manufacturing process,the“material”of the physical entity world is realized by data,identity,intelligence,and *** 4.0 is a disruptive transformation and upgrade of intelligent industrialization based on the Internet-of-Things and Big Data in traditional *** goal is“maximizing production efficiency,minimizing production costs,and maximizing the individual needs of human beings for products and services.”Achieving this goal will surely bring about a major leap in the history of the industry,which will lead to the“Fourth Industrial Revolution.”This paper presents a detailed discussion of industrial big data,strategic roles,architectures,characteristics,and four types of innovative business models that can generate profits for *** key revolutionary aspect of Industry 4.0 is explained,which is the equipment *** important attributes of equipment are explained under the Industry 4.0 perspective.

关键词： Industry 4.0 big data smart manufacturing business model equipment revolution

Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Portable Wireless Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第9期68卷 3015-3027页

作者： Shakir Ullah sadiq Ullah Inzamam Ahmad Wasi Ur Rehman Khan Toufeeq Ahmad Usman Habib Mahmoud A.Albreem mohammed H.Alsharif Peerapong Uthansakul Department of Telecommunication Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyMardanKPPakistan School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Bangor UniversityBangorLL572DGUnited Kingdom Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering A’Sharqiyah UniversityIbra400Oman Department of Electrical Engineering College of Electronics and Information EngineeringSejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea School of Telecommunication Engineering Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhon RatchasimaThailand

In this paper,the design and experimental evaluation of a hexagonalshaped coplanar waveguide(CPW)-feed frequency reconfigurable antenna is presented using flame retardant(FR)-4 substrate with size of 37×35×1.6 *** antenna is made tunable to three different modes through the status of two pin diodes to operate in four distinct frequency bands,i.e.,2.45 GHz wireless fidelity(Wi-Fi)in MODE 1,3.3 GHz(5G sub-6 GHz band)in MODE 2,2.1 GHz(3G Long Term Evolution(LTE)-advanced)and 3.50 GHz Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access(WiMAX)in MODE *** optimization through simulation modeling shows that the proposed antenna can provide adequate gain(1.44∼2.2 dB),sufficient bandwidth(200∼920 MHz)and high radiation efficiency(80%∼95%)in the four resonating frequency *** standing wave ratio(VSWR)<1.5 is achieved for all bands with properly matched characteristics of the *** validate the simulation results,fabrication of the proposed optimized design is performed,and experimental analysis is found to be in a considerable amount of *** to its reasonably small size and support of multiple frequency bands operation,the proposed antenna can support portable devices for handheld 5G and Wireless LAN(WLAN)applications.

关键词： LTE WiMAX coplanar waveguide frequency reconfigurable antenna

Geology of the Structurally Controlled Quartz Vein Gold Mineralization in the Dikko Area, Part of Zungeru—Minna—Birnin Gwari Schist Belt, NW Nigeria

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2021年第7期9卷 180-191页

作者： Abdullahi Adamu mohammed Adamu Usman mohammed Otorison Abdulganiu Danladi Abubakar sadiq Applied Geology Department Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi Nigeria Geology Department (Engineering Services) Federal Capital Development Authority (FCDA) Abuja Nigeria Hadejia Jama’are River Basin Development Authority Kano Nigeria

Dikko area, Niger State, North Central Nigeria falls within the Pan-African thermo-tectonic event which occurred in Nigeria as in other parts of West Africa with widespread effect on the mineralization of rejuvenated basement and geosynclinal trough deposits. The Pan-African Belt in Nigeria forms part of the Benin-Nigeria (Dahomeyan) shield which is regarded as the southern prolongation of the circumcratonic Pan-African belt of the West African Craton. Structurally controlled, gold-bearing quartz veins were measured and studied in the area from an extensive geological ground investigation. Field and petrographical studies indicate that the Neoproterozoic rocks constitute gneisses, amphibolite schist, amphibolites and migmatites. The amphibolites are intruded by pegmatites. The associated quartz veins are generally concordant with the main N-S regional structural trend. The lithological and structural studies carried out in these areas have demonstrated the relationship between structures and mineralization and/or lithology. The main characteristics of the gold mineralization in the area appear to indicate hydrothermal mineralization in connection with shear zones. This study allows us to predict that quartz veins in the amphibolite can be mined at a profit and a detailed geochemical and resource valuation needs to be carried out for the Au and associated Galena and Ag mineralization to fully exploit their economic potential.

关键词： Gold Mineralization Quartz Veins Pan-African Economic Potential Mined

Th-Shaped Tunable Multi-Band Antenna for Modern Wireless Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 2517-2530页

作者： Wasi Ur Rehman Khan Muhammad Fawad Khan Muhammad Irfan sadiq Ullah Naveed Mufti Usman Ali Rizwan Ullah Fazal Muhammad Saifur Rahman Faisal Althobiani mohammed Alshareef Mohammad E.Gommosani Department of Telecommunication Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyMardanPakistan Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringNajran UniversityNajranSaudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyMardan23200Pakistan Faculty of Maritimes Studies King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Ports&Maritime Transportation Faculty of Maritimes StudiesKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Natural Science Department Faculty of Maritimes StudiesKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia

A compact,reconfigurable antenna supporting multiple wireless services with a minimum number of switches is found lacking in literature and the same became the focus and outcome of this *** was achieved by designing a Th-Shaped frequency reconfigurable multi-band microstrip planar antenna,based on use of a single switch within the radiating structure of the *** frequency bands(i.e.,2007–2501 MHz,3660–3983MHz and 9341–1046 MHz)can be operated with the switch in the ON switch *** the OFF state of the switch,the antenna operates within the 2577–3280MHz and 9379–1033MHz *** proposed antenna shows an acceptable input impedance match with Voltage Standing Wave Ratio(VSWR)less than *** peak radiation efficiency of the antenna is 82%.A reasonable gain is obtained from 1.22 to 3.31 dB within the operating bands is *** proposed antenna supports UniversalMobile Telecommunication System(UMTS)-1920 to 2170 MHz,Worldwide Interoperability and Microwave Access(WiMAX)/Wireless Broadband/(Long Term Evolution)LTE2500–2500 to 2690 MHz,Fifth Generation(5G)-2500/3500 MHz,Wireless Fidelity(Wi-Fi)/Bluetooth-2400 to 2480 MHz,and Satellite communication applications in X-Band-8000 to 12000 *** overall planar dimension of the proposed antenna is 40×*** antennawas designed,along with the parametric study,using Electromagnetic(EM)simulation *** antenna prototype is fabricated for experimental validation with the simulated *** proposed antenna is low profile,tunable,lightweight,cheap to fabricate and highly efficient and hence is deemed suitable for use in modern wireless communication electronic devices.

关键词： Antenna design reconfigurable antenna satellite communication frequency bands

The Occurence of Gastrointestinal Helminths in Slaughtered Cattle in Azare, North-East Nigeria

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Journal of Zoological Research 2021年第1期3卷 1-8页

作者： Musa Umar Bashir mohammed Abubakar Haladu Ali Gagman Abubakar sadiq Yusuf Department of Biological Sciences Bauchi State University GadauPMB 065BauchiNigeria

A Cross-sectional Study was carried out to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal(G.I.)helminths parasites in slaughtered cattle at Azare abattoir,Katagum Local Government Area,Bauchi State,North-Eastern *** hundred and twenty faecal samples were examined using the floatation and sedimentation *** of the total samples tested,*** infections were detected in 62 samples tested,giving an overall prevalence of 51.6%.Class nematodes are the most diverse class(56.5%),followed by trematodes(35.5%),while cestodes are the least prevalent(8.1%).There was a statistically significant difference in ***’prevalence among different classes(p0.05).The Red Bororo breeds had the highest prevalence of 75%,while the least was recorded in White Fulani and Sokoto Gudali,40%*** was a statistically significant difference in G.I helminth infection’s prevalence rate to breed(p<0.05).This study revealed that Fasciola spp.(15%)is the most prevalent *** parasites detected,followed by Oesophagostomum spp(11.7%);Haemonchus spp.(9.2%);Strongyloides spp.(8.3%),Schistosoma spp.(3.3%);and Moniezia spp.(1.67%).Our findings from the present study revealed a high prevalence of *** species affecting cattle in Azare,North-East ***,there is a great need for proper advocacy on appropriate management,regular deworming practices,and improved cattle hygiene to boost animal *** will help in curbing significant loss to Nigeria’s economy and the world in general.

关键词： Gastrointestinal helminths Parasites Cattle Bauchi Nigeria