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Parental transmission of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a highly endogamous population

World Journal of Diabetes 2013年第2期4卷 40-46页

作者： Abdulbari Bener mohammad t yousafzai Abdulla OAA Al-Hamaq Abdul-Ghani mohammad Ralph A DeFronzo Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology Hamad Medical Corporation Department of Evidence for Population Health Unit School of Epidemiology and Health Sciences The University of Manchester Qatar Diabetic Association and Qatar Foundation Division of Diabetes University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio

AIM: to determine the parental transmission of diabetes mellitus (DM) and evaluate its influence on the clinical characteristics. MEtHODS: this was a cross sectional study. the survey was carried out in urban and semi-urban primary health care centers. Of the 2400 registered with diagnosed diabetes, 1980 agreed and gave their consent to take part in this study, thus giving a response rate of 82.5%. Face to face interviews were conducted using a structured questionnaire followed by laboratory tests. DM was defined according to the World Health Organization expert group. A trained nurse performedphysical examinations and measurements. RESULtS: Of the study population, 72.9% reported a family history of DM. Family history of DM was significantly higher in females (54.2%; P = 0.04) and in the age group below 30 years (24%; P the prevalence of diabetes was higher among patients with a diabetic mother (25.4% vs 22.1%) and maternal aunts/uncles (31.2% vs 22.2%) compared to patients with a diabetic father and paternal aunts/ uncles. Family history of DM was higher in patients of consanguineous parents (38.5%) than those of non-consanguineous parents (30.2%). the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2DM) complications was higher in patients with either a paternal or maternal history of DM than in those without. No significant difference was observed in the metabolic characteristics of patients with/without family history of DM except for hypertension. Complications were higher in diabetic patients with a family history of DM. CONCLUSION: the present study found a significant maternal effect in transmission of t2DM. Family history is associated with the increased incidence of diabetes.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Family history Parental transmission Genetic disorders Consanguinity Maternal transmission

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Design,simulation,and testing of a tunable MEMS multi-threshold inertial switch

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 37-46页

作者： Qiu Xu Rodrigo t.Rocha Yousef Algoos Eric Feron mohammad I.Younis Faculty of Electronic Information Engineering Huaiyin Institute of TechnologyHuai’an223003PR China Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal23955-6900Saudi Arabia Piezoelectric Microsystem technologies Silicon Austria LabsVillach9524Austria Physical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal23955Saudi Arabia Mechanical Engineering Department State University of New YorkBinghamtonNY13902USA

this paper presents a tunable multi-threshold micro-electromechanical inertial switch with adjustable threshold capability.the demonstrated device combines the advantages of accelerometers in providing quantitative acceleration measurements and g-threshold switches in saving power when in the inactive state upon experiencing acceleration below the thresholds.the designed proof-of-concept device with two thresholds consists of a cantilever microbeam and two stationary electrodes placed at different positions in the sensing direction.the adjustable threshold capability and the effect of the shock duration on the threshold acceleration are analytically investigated using a nonlinear beam model.Results are shown for the relationships among the applied bias voltage,the duration of shock impact,and the tunable threshold.the fabricated prototypes are tested using a shock-table system.the analytical results agree with the experimental results.the designed device concept is very promising for the classification of the shock and impact loads in transportation and healthcare applications.

关键词： tunable acceleration testing

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Investigation of material composition,design,and performance of open-graded asphalt mixtures for semi-flexible pavement:A comprehensive experimental study

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Journal of traffic and transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第1期11卷 92-116页

作者： mohammad taghipoor Abolfazl Hassani mohammad M.Karimi Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Tarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran

the primary goal of this study is the design and construction of semi-flexible pavement(SFP)mixture in accordance with the engineering and mechanical criteria.this study involves the use of a range of gradation curves,air void contents,cellulose and synthesized fibers,and neat and modified asphalt binders to prepare the open-graded asphalt(OGA)mixtures.to analyze the characteristics of these mixtures,a variety of test,namely binder drainage,semi-circular bending(SCB),Cantabro,wheel tracking,indirect tensile strength(ItS),and permeability tests were conducted.Additionally,to analyze the prepared grouting material,flexural strength,compressive strength,and fluidity tests were conducted.In the final stage,SFP was compared to HMA in terms of engineering characteristics and performance.According to the results,SFP was more resistant to skid,rutting,fire,and moisture damage,while HMA had a better performance in fracture tests,including SCB test.According to the results of the mechanical performance tests conducted on OGA mixtures,the highest and lowest values for air void content to achieve the highest mechanical performance level were 30%-35%and 25%,respectively.Also,based on the laboratory results,it was determined that the required void ratio for constructing OGA mixtures was 24%-26%based on the bitumen type and fibers amount in the mixture.Finally,SFP mixture can be regarded as a viable alternative to common pavements thanks to its high resistance to rutting and moisture damage,long freezing-thawing fatigue life,and adequate fire and skid resistance.

关键词： Semi-flexible pavement mixture Open-graded asphalt mixture Engineering properties Cantabro test Hot mix asphalt

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Ultrasensitive plasmonic sensor based on MDM waveguide containing Persian Orsi window cavities for refractive index and blood plasma sensing

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Optoelectronics Letters 2024年第7期20卷 406-411页

作者： mohammad Ghanavati mohammad Azim Karami School of Electrical Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology

We developed a plasmonic refractive index（RI） with a metal-dielectric-metal（MDM） structure that utilizes two Persian Orsi windows-like separated cavities with a high figure of merit（FoM） and ultrasensitivity. the simulated and optimized Ag-air-Ag MDM sensor for surface plasmon resonance（SPR） offers high RI sensitivity（SRI） and the ability to detect blood plasma concentration（BPC）. the results verified that structural parameters have an effect on SRI, full width at half maximum（FWHM）, FoM, sensitivity of blood plasma（Sp） for right and left peaks, whose values are 1 345.45 nm·RIU-1, 32 nm, 42.04 RIU-1, 0.26 and 0.19 nm·L·g-1, respectively. the proposed design opens a new horizon in sensor development.

关键词： A

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Recent Progress in Bionic Hydrogels for Articular Cartilage:tribological and Mechanical Characteristics

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第2期21卷 653-673页

作者： mohammad Javan Almasi Dangsheng Xiong School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China

Cartilage regeneration and repair are considered clinical challenges since cartilage has limited capability for reconstruction.Although tissue-engineered materials have the ability to repair cartilage,they have weak mechanical characteristics and cannot resist long-term overload.On the other hand,surgery to replace the joint is frequently done to treat significant cartilage deterioration these days.However,the materials that are being used for replacement have high friction coefficients,lack shock absorption functions,and lack cushioning.Further research on natural articular cartilage structure and function may lead to bionic hydrogels,which have suitable physicochemical and biological characteristics(e.g.,tribological and mechanical properties and the ability to support loadbearing capability),but need improvements.Based on their tribological and mechanical characteristics,the current review highlights the most recent advancements of bionic hydrogels used for articular cartilage,highlighting both the field's recent progress and its potential for future research.For this reason,firstly,some important property improvement methods of bionic hydrogels are discussed and then,the recent findings of various research on the making of those bionic materials are provided and compared.It seems that by using some modifications such as product design,surface treatments,animal tests,controlling the isoelectric point of hydrogels,and computer simulation,the intended mechanical and tribological characteristics of natural articular cartilage may be attained by the bionic hydrogels.

关键词： Bionic hydrogel Articular cartilage Mechanical property tribological property Lubrication

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Sacrificial piles as a countermeasure against local scour around underwater pipelines

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 187-196页

作者： Forough Raeisi Seyed mohammad Ali Zomorodiann Masih Zolghadr Hazi mohammad Azamathulla Department of Water Engineering Shiraz UniversityShiraz ***Iran Department of Water Sciences Engineering Jahrom UniversityJahrom ***Iran Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of the West IndiesSt.Augustine CampusTrinidad 331310Republic of Trinidad and Tobago

Local scour around pipelines crossing rivers or in marine environments is a significant concern.It can lead to failure of the pipelines resulting in environmental side effects and economic losses.this study developed an experimental method to reduce local scour around pipelines with a steady flow of clear water by installing cylindrical and cubical sacrificial piles.three sizes of sacrificial piles were examined in a linear arrangement.Sacrificial piles were installed on the upstream side of the pipeline at three distances.Maximum scour depth reduction rates below the pipeline were computed.the results showed that sacrificial piles could protect a pipeline from local scour.A portion of scoured sediment around the sacrificial piles was deposited beneath the pipeline.this sediment accumulation reduced the scour depth beneath the pipeline.Analysis of the experimental results demonstrated that the size of piles(d),the spacing between piles,and the distance between the pipe and piles(Xp)were the variables that reduced the maximum scour beneath the pipeline with a diameter of D.For the piles with d=0.40D and 0.64D,X_(p)=4OD was the optimal distance to install a group of piles,and cubical piles could mitigate scour more effectively than cylindrical piles under similar conditions.For the piles with d=D,the greatest reduction in scour depth was achieved at X_(p)=50D with any desired spacings between piles,and cylindrical piles in this dimension could protect the pipeline against scour more effectively than cubical piles.

关键词： Clear water River crossing pipeline Local scour Self-burial process Sediment transport

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Developing a phenomenological model to simulate single and mixed scale formation during flow in porous media:Coupling a salt precipitation model with an ion transport equation under dynamic conditions

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Petroleum Research 2024年第1期9卷 17-36页

作者： Erfan Hosseini Dana mohammad Nazar Negar Hosseini mohammad Sarmadivaleh Exploration Directorate National Iranian Oil Company(NIOC)TehranIran Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research DresdenDresdenGermany Department of Petroleum Engineering Islamic Azad University(IAU)IlamIran WA School of Mines:Minerals Energy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia

Water flooding and pressure maintenance are recommended to improve oil recovery practices after low recovery of petroleum reservoirs occurs during primary production.Salt crystal formation is a frequent occurrence when using these techniques.Several experimental,numerical,and theoretical studies have been done on the mechanisms underlying scaling and permeability reduction in porous media;however,there has not been a satisfactory model developed.this study developed a phenomenological model to predict formation damage caused by salt deposition.Compared with existing models,which provide a scaling tendency,the proposed model predicts the profile of scale deposition.the salt precipitation model simulates reactive fluid flow through porous media.A thermodynamic,kinetic,and flow hydrodynamic model was developed and coupled with the ion transport equation to describe the movement of ions.Further,a set of carefully designed dynamic experiments were conducted and the data were compared with the model predictions.Model forecasts and experimental data were observed to have an average absolute error(AAE)ranging from 0.68%to 5.94%,which indicates the model's suitability.

关键词： Improved oil recovery Water flooding Formation damage Scaling tendency Salt precipitation

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the modeling non-sequential double ionization of helium atom under highintensity femtosecond laser pulses with shielding charge approximation

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Communications in theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 151-156页

作者： Marjan Zakavi mohammad Sabaeian Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceShahid Chamran University of AhvazIran Center for Research on Laser and Plasma Shahid Chamran University of AhvazIran

In this study,we successfully extracted the‘knee structure’for non-sequential double ionization(NSDI)in the helium atom.to achieve this,for the first time,we solved the time-dependent Schrödinger equation in three dimensions for the helium atom,utilizing the shielding charge approximation.Our findings corroborate prior observations by Wang et al[Wang and Eberly,Phys.Rev.Lett.105,083001(2010)],demonstrating that NSDI occurs within a narrower time window in circular polarization compared to linear polarization.As a result,the yield of linear polarization was higher than that of circular polarization,aligning with the previously reported results.Notably,in the case of circular polarization,the time window further narrows with increasing intensity,attributed to a decrease in the time-of-flight.

关键词： NSDI knee structure tDSE shielding charge helium 3D-tDSE

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the anti-neoplastic effects of metformin modulate the acquired phenotype of fbroblast cells in the breast cancer-normal fbroblast co-culture system

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Oncology Research 2024年第3期32卷 477-487页

作者： SAMANEH MOStAFAVI ZUHAIR mohammad HASSAN Department of Immunology Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran

Intracellular communications between breast cancer and fibroblast cells were reported to be involved in cancer proliferation,growth,and therapy resitance.the hallmarks of cancer fibroblast interactions,consisting of caveolin 1(Cav1)and mono-carboxylate ransporter 4(MCt4)(metabolic coupling markers),along with IL-6,tGFB,and lactate secretion,are considered robust biomarkers predicting recurrence and metastasis.In order to promote a novel phenotype in normal fibroblasts,we predicted that breast cancer cells could be able to cause loss of Cavl and increase of MCt4,as well as elevate IL 6 and tGF in nearby nomal fibroblasts.We created a co culture model using breast cancer(4t1)and normal fibroblast(NIH3t3)cell lines cultured under specific experimental conditions in order to directly test our theory.Moreover,we show that long-term co-culture of breast cancer cells and normal fibroblasts promotes loss of Cavl and gain of MCt4 in adjacent fibroblasts and increase lactate secretion.these results were validated using the monoculture of each group separately as a control.In this system,we show that me tformin inhibits IL-6 and tGFB secretion and re expresses Cavl in both cells.However,MCt4 and lactate stayed high after treatment with metformin.In conclusion,our work shows that co-culture with breast cancer cells may cause signifcant alterations in the phenotype and secretion of normal fibroblasts.Metformin,however,may change this state and affect fibroblasts'acquired phenotypes.Moreover,mitochondrial inhibition by metformin after 8 days of treatment,signi ficantly hinders tumor growth in mouse model of breast cancer.

关键词： Caveolin 1 Lactic acid Metformin NIH 3t3 cells Neoplasms

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Direct scaling of residual displacements for bilinear and pinching oscillators

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第1期23卷 129-149页

作者： mohammad Saifullah Vinay K.Gupta Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur 208016India

the estimation of residual displacements in a structure due to an anticipated earthquake event has increasingly become an important component of performance-based earthquake engineering because controlling these displacements plays an important role in ensuring cost-feasible or cost-effective repairs in a damaged structure after the event.An attempt is made in this study to obtain statistical estimates of constant-ductility residual displacement spectra for bilinear and pinching oscillators with 5%initial damping,directly in terms of easily available seismological,site,and model parameters.None of the available models for the bilinear and pinching oscillators are useful when design spectra for a seismic hazard at a site are not available.the statistical estimates of a residual displacement spectrum are proposed in terms of earthquake magnitude,epicentral distance,site geology parameter,and three model parameters for a given set of ductility demand and a hysteretic energy capacity coefficient in the case of bilinear and pinching models,as well as for a given set of pinching parameters for displacement and strength at the breakpoint in the case of pinching model alone.the proposed scaling model is applicable to horizontal ground motions in the western U.S.for earthquake magnitudes less than 7 or epicentral distances greater than 20 km.

关键词： residual displacement spectrum bilinear hysteresis model pinching hysteresis model nonlinear analysis scaling model

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